glyoxylate

Three steps

• CHEBI:15650Reach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. N-acetyl-LTE4 to leukotriene E4 conversion

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAAT, ZDHHC11B, NAA10 and 30 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• trans-aconitateReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (S)-malate + CoA + H(+)
  2. Citrate Transport, Mitochondrial
  3. trans-aconitate(in) + citrate(out) = trans-aconitate(out) + citrate(in)

  Catalysed by CLYBL, SLC25A1mitochondrial matrix, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• trimethylenediamineReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. transport of glycine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. deoxyhypusine synthase (1,3-diaminopropane)

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A6, DHPSextracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:15727Reach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAAT, NAA10peroxisome, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15746Reach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermine)

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAAT, SAT1, SAT2peroxisome, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15765Reach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. transport of glycine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Tyrosine,tetrahydrobiopterin:oxygen oxidoreductase (3-hydroxylating)

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A5, THextracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• 4-(2-amino-3-hydroxyphenyl)-2,4-dioxobutanoateReach from here →
  1. 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + glyoxylate = xanthurenate + glycine + H2O
  2. Kynurenine-Oxoglutarate Transaminase
  3. 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by KYAT3, AADAT, KYAT1mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 3-hydroxyanthranilic acidReach from here →
  1. 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + glyoxylate = xanthurenate + glycine + H2O
  2. Kynurenine-Oxoglutarate Transaminase
  3. 3-Hydroxy-L-kynurenine hydrolase

  Catalysed by KYAT3, AADAT, KYNUmitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• bromideReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. 2-bromoacetaldehyde:glutathione S-(formylmethyl)transferase

  Catalysed by AADAT, GSS, MGST3, GSTA4 and 15 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphateReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. transport of glutamine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-glutamine:D-fructose-6-phosphate isomerase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A5, GFPT2, GFPT1extracellular space, cytosol

• thioredoxin dithiolReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. glycine:tRNA(Gly) ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. glycyl-tRNA(gly) phosphorylation

  Catalysed by AADAT, GARS1cytosolOne of 2 routes

• a halide anionReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. RX + glutathione = an S-substituted glutathione + a halide anion + H(+)

  Catalysed by AADAT, GSS, GSTT4, GSTA4 and 21 more

• CHEBI:16174Reach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
  2. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  3. nucleoside-diphosphate kinase (dADP)

  Catalysed by AGXT, AGXT2, PKM, PKLR and 6 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• ureaReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Arginine amidinohydrolase

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A6, ARG1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• L-cystineReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. transport of alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Transport of L-Cystine (L-Alanine antiport) by B0, +At Transporter

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• CHEBI:16284Reach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
  2. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  3. deoxythymidylate kinase (dADP)

  Catalysed by AGXT, AGXT2, PKM, PKLR and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 11-cis-retinolReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAAT, DGAT1, LRAT and 3 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• (R)-3-aminoisobutyric acidReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. transport of alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• lithocholic acidReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of GSH and lithocholate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AADAT, GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• (R)-carnitineReach from here →
  1. L-kynurenine + glyoxylate = kynurenate + glycine + H2O
  2. kynurenate(out) + glutarate(in) = kynurenate(in) + glutarate(out)
  3. glutarate(in) + (R)-carnitine(out) = glutarate(out) + (R)-carnitine(in)

  Catalysed by KYAT3, AADAT, SLC22A6, SLC22A8inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• iodideReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC6A9, SLC6A14, SLC26A4extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• cis-aconitateReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (S)-malate + CoA + H(+)
  2. Citrate Transport, Mitochondrial
  3. cis-aconitate(in) + citrate(out) = cis-aconitate(out) + citrate(in)

  Catalysed by CLYBL, SLC25A1mitochondrial matrix, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• ubiquinonesReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (S)-malate + CoA + H(+)
  2. (S)-malate hydro-lyase (fumarate-forming)
  3. succinate:quinone oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by CLYBL, FH, SDHD, SDHB and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• nitric oxideReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Arginine, NADPH:Oxygen Oxidoreductase (Nitric-Oxide-Forming)

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A6, NOS3, NOS1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:16497Reach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
  2. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  3. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase

  Catalysed by AGXT, AGXT2, PKM, PKLRcytosol

• N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithineReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by AADAT, GATM, ACY1cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 2-phenylacetamideReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-phenylalanine:oxygen 2-oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A5, EPXextracellular space, cytosol

• D-alanyl-D-alanineReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. transport of D-alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Formation of Alanylalanine

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC3A2, SLC7A10extracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:16633Reach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. transport of alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• Met-tRNA(Met)Reach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. transport of glycine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Methionine:tRNAMet ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A5, MARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• (R)-glycerateReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
  2. L-Serine:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. D-glycerate:NADP+ 2-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by AGXT, AGXT2, GRHPRcytosolOne of 4 routes

• quinolinic acidReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + O2 + H2O = oxalate + H2O2 + H(+)
  2. oxalate(in) + sulfate(out) = oxalate(out) + sulfate(in)
  3. Transport of Quinolinic Acid

  Catalysed by HAO1, SLC25A14, SLC26A2, SLC25A30 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-[(S)-lactoyl]-L-phenylalanineReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (S)-lactate + L-phenylalanine = N-[(S)-lactoyl]-L-phenylalanine + H2O

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A5, CNDP2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• tryptamineReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. transport of glycine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-tryptophan decarboxy-lyase

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A5, DDCextracellular space, cytosol

• formaldehydeReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:glycine N-methyltransferase
  3. sarcosine:oxygen oxidoreductase (demethylating)

  Catalysed by AADAT, GNMT, PIPOX, SARDHcytosol, peroxisomeOne of 3 routes

• creatineReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase

  Catalysed by AADAT, GATM, GAMTcytosolOne of 2 routes

• ferrocytochrome cReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (S)-malate + CoA + H(+)
  2. transport of malate and sulfite (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. sulfite:ferricytochrome-c oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by CLYBL, SLC25A10, SUOXmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• bilirubin IXalphaReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of bilirubin and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AADAT, GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• oxalic acidReach from here →
  1. glycolate + NADP(+) = glyoxylate + NADPH + H(+)
  2. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  3. Glyoxylate:oxygen oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by GRHPR, HAO1cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 13 routes

• glycolaldehydeReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
  2. L-Serine:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. hydroxypyruvate carboxy-lyase (glycolaldehyde-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT, AGXT2cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 4-maleylacetoacetateReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate:oxygen oxidoreductase (hydroxylating,decarboxylating)
  3. homogentisate + O2 = 4-maleylacetoacetate + H(+)

  Catalysed by AADAT, HPD, HGDcytosol

• aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-mannosamineReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
  2. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
  3. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT, AGXT2, NPLcytosolOne of 2 routes

• taurolithocholateReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of GSH and taurolithocholate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AADAT, GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:17208Reach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. glutathione:dehydroascorbate oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by AADAT, GSScytosol

• homocysteineReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. Formation of Homocystine

  Catalysed by AADAT, GSScytosol

• L-glutamic 5-semialdehydeReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. L-Ornithine:2-oxo-acid aminotransferase

  Catalysed by AADAT, GATM, OATcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• propanoyl-4'-phosphopantetheineReach from here →
  1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
  2. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
  3. propanoyl-CoA + H2O = propanoyl-4'-phosphopantetheine + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by CLYBL, NUDT19, NUDT7, NUDT8

• itaconateReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (S)-malate + CoA + H(+)
  2. Mitochondrial Carrier (Mc) Tcdb:2.A.29.7.2
  3. cis-aconitate carboxy-lyase

  Catalysed by CLYBL, SLC25A1, ACOD1mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• COReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2 = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + formate + 2 H(+)
  3. acireductone dioxygenase

  Catalysed by AADAT, ADI1cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 17alpha-hydroxyprogesteroneReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. cytochrome P450 (17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone)

  Catalysed by AGXT, AGXT2, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum