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Proteins/UNIPROT:P05089
Catalyzes the final step of the urea cycle by hydrolyzing L-arginine into urea, a nitrogenous waste product, and L-ornithine, a precursor to proline and polyamines; the urea cycle occurs primarily in the liver and, to a lesser extent, in the kidneys..
Functions in L-arginine homeostasis in nonhepatic tissues characterized by the competition between nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and arginase for the available intracellular substrate arginine. Arginine metabolism is a critical regulator of innate and adaptive immune responses. Involved in an antimicrobial effector pathway in polymorphonuclear granulocytes (PMN). Upon PMN cell death, is liberated from the phagolysosome and depletes arginine in the microenvironment leading to suppressed T cell and natural killer (NK) cell proliferation and cytokine secretion. In group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) promotes acute type 2 inflammation in the lung and is involved in optimal ILC2 proliferation but not survival (By similarity). In humans, the immunological role in the monocytic/macrophage/dendritic cell (DC) lineage is unsure..
Function from UniProtKB (P05089), read 2026-09-23. CC BY 4.0.
Curated compounds routed: 1 · activates, substrate of
1 compound
1 compound.
0 reported routes1 assembled route
1 row
244 statements
244 statements · 9 reference databases · Subject: ARG1 · Sources: Bgee, gene ontology, Hetionet, Human Protein Atlas, Human-GEM, Reactome, Rhea, UniProt, WikiPathways
2 reactions
L-arginine+waterL-ornithine+urea
Catalysed by ARG1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 3.5.3.1cytosol
Human-GEM MAR03816CC BY 4.0Reference data
L-arginine+waterurea+L-ornithine
Catalysed by ARG1 or ARG2 or AGMAT
Reaction pageLeft to right
1 paper
2 names
Resolves to: ARG1
Rhea RHEA:20569CC BY 4.0Reference data