CHEBI:28666

Three steps

• phenylacetyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Phenylacetate:CoA ligase

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, BAATextracellular space, peroxisome, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• propionyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Propanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, BAAT, ACSS3 and 2 moreextracellular space, peroxisome, cytosolOne of 43 routes

• (S)-malateReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. glycine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  3. acetyl-CoA[m] + glyoxalate[m] + H2O[m] = CoA[m] + H+[m] + malate[m]

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, DAO, CLYBLextracellular space, peroxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 12(S)-HPETEReach from here →
  1. transport of LTD4 (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arachidonate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. arachidonate:oxygen 12-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLCO1B1, ALOX12extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 15(S)-HPETEReach from here →
  1. transport of LTD4 (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arachidonate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. arachidonate:oxygen 15-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLCO1B1, ALOX15B, ALOX15extracellular space, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• 5(S)-HPETEReach from here →
  1. transport of LTD4 (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arachidonate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Arachidonate:oxygen 5-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLCO1B1, ALOX5extracellular space, cytosol

• (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolateReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + glycine + H2O = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + L-serine
  3. (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + glycine + H2O = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + L-serine

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SHMT1, SHMT2extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• 10-formyltetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase
  3. Formate:tetrahydrofolate ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SHMT1, MTHFD1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase
  3. histamine N-methyltransferase (SAM)

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SHMT1, HNMTextracellular space, cytosol

• (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterinReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. transport of glycine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tryptophan + O2 = 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC7A5, TPH1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• trimethylenediamineReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. transport of glycine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. deoxyhypusine synthase (1,3-diaminopropane)

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC7A6, DHPSextracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:15727Reach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, BAAT, NAA10extracellular space, peroxisome, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• formateReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and LTD4 (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. alcohol dehydrogenase (formaldehyde)
  3. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO2A1, ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH5 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:15746Reach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermine)

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, BAAT, SAT1 and 1 moreextracellular space, peroxisome, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15765Reach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. transport of glycine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Tyrosine,tetrahydrobiopterin:oxygen oxidoreductase (3-hydroxylating)

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC7A5, THextracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphateReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. transport of glutamine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-glutamine:D-fructose-6-phosphate isomerase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC7A5, GFPT2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• thioredoxin dithiolReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. glycine:tRNA(Gly) ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. glycyl-tRNA(gly) phosphorylation

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, GARS1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (R)-lactateReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and LTD4 (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione methylglyoxal-lyase (isomerizing)
  3. (R)-S-lactoylglutathione + H2O = (R)-lactate + glutathione + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO2A1, GLO1, GLOD4, HAGHextracellular space, cytosol

• a halide anionReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. RX + glutathione = an S-substituted glutathione + a halide anion + H(+)

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, GSS, GSTT4 and 22 moreextracellular space

• octan-1-olReach from here →
  1. transport of LTD4 (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. solute carrier organic anion transporter (chenodiol)
  3. octyl beta-D-glucose + chenodeoxycholate = beta-D-glucosyl-(1->3)-O-chenodeoxycholate + octan-1-ol

  Catalysed by SLCO1B1, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, GBA2extracellular space, cytosol

• sulfateReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC6A9, SLC6A14 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• ureaReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Arginine amidinohydrolase

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC7A6, ARG1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• L-cystineReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. transport of alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Transport of L-Cystine (L-Alanine antiport) by B0, +At Transporter

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC3A2, SLC7A5 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 9 routes

• 11-cis-retinolReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, BAAT, DGAT1 and 4 moreextracellular space, peroxisome, cytosol

• (R)-3-aminoisobutyric acidReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. transport of alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC3A2, SLC7A5 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• iodideReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC6A9, SLC6A14 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 12 routes

• oxaloacetateReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. ATP citrate lyase (citrate)

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, BAAT, ACLYextracellular space, peroxisome, cytosol

• nitric oxideReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Arginine, NADPH:Oxygen Oxidoreductase (Nitric-Oxide-Forming)

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC7A6, NOS3 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithineReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, GATM, ACY1extracellular space, cytosol

• 2-phenylacetamideReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-phenylalanine:oxygen 2-oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC7A5, EPXextracellular space, cytosol

• D-alanyl-D-alanineReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. transport of D-alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Formation of Alanylalanine

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC3A2, SLC7A10extracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:16633Reach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. transport of alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC3A2, SLC7A5 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• Met-tRNA(Met)Reach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. transport of glycine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Methionine:tRNAMet ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC7A5, MARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• (S)-lactateReach from here →
  1. transport of LTD4 (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of prostaglandin E2 (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. prostaglandin E2(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = prostaglandin E2(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)

  Catalysed by SLCO1B1, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLCO2A1extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 14 routes

• taurochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of LTD4 (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. solute carrier organic anion transporter (S-glutathionyl-2-4-dinitrobenzene)
  3. taurochenodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = taurochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1B1, SLCO1A2, SLC7A9, SLCO1B3 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• dopamine quinoneReach from here →
  1. transport of LTD4 (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of dopamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Peroxidase

  Catalysed by SLCO1B1, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, MPOextracellular space, cytosol, lysosomeOne of 4 routes

• 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoateReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. transport of glycine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC7A5, AADATextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-[(S)-lactoyl]-L-phenylalanineReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (S)-lactate + L-phenylalanine = N-[(S)-lactoyl]-L-phenylalanine + H2O

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC7A5, CNDP2extracellular space, cytosol

• 2-oxobutanoateReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. transport of glycine and threonine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-threonine ammonia-lyase (2-oxobutanoate-forming)

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC3A2, SLC7A5 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• tryptamineReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. transport of glycine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-tryptophan decarboxy-lyase

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC7A5, DDCextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-oxoglutaramateReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. transport of glutamine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Glutamine:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, SLC7A5, KYAT1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• formaldehydeReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:glycine N-methyltransferase
  3. sarcosine:oxygen oxidoreductase (demethylating)

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, GNMT, PIPOX and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 3 routes

• creatineReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, GATM, GAMTextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• oxalic acidReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. glycine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  3. Glyoxylate:oxygen oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, DAO, HAO1extracellular space, peroxisomeOne of 3 routes

• (R)-lactaldehydeReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and LTD4 (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione methylglyoxal-lyase (isomerizing)
  3. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glutathione-formylating)

  Catalysed by SLCO2A1, GLO1, GLOD4, ADH1C and 6 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• L-glutamic 5-semialdehydeReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. L-Ornithine:2-oxo-acid aminotransferase

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, GATM, OATextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• dehydroascorbic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of LTD4 (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of dopamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. dopamine,ascorbate:oxygen oxidoreductase (beta-hydroxylating)

  Catalysed by SLCO1B1, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, DBHextracellular space, cytosolOne of 19 routes

• estroneReach from here →
  1. transport of LTD4 (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of estrone 3-sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Estrone 3-sulfate sulfohydrolase

  Catalysed by SLCO1B1, STSextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• propanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of LTD4 (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of estrone 3-sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. propanoate(in) + estrone 3-sulfate(out) = propanoate(out) + estrone 3-sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLCO1B1, SLC22A9extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• anilineReach from here →
  1. membrane dipeptidase (LTD4)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Acetyl-CoA:arylamine N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by DPEP1, DPEP2, BAAT, NAT2 and 1 moreextracellular space, peroxisome, cytosol