sulfate

Three steps

• L-dopaReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. L-dopa(out) + L-phenylalanine(in) = L-dopa(in) + L-phenylalanine(out)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A14, SLC7A8extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• O-acetyl-(R)-carnitineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. Acetyl-CoA:carnitine O-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A14, CPT1A, CPT1C and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 9 routes

• 3-guanidinopropanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arginine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. beta-alanine + L-arginine = 3-guanidinopropanoate + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A14, GATMextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-histidineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. L-histidine(in) + L-phenylalanine(out) = L-histidine(out) + L-phenylalanine(in)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A14, SLC7A8extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 5 routes

• dihydroxyacetone phosphateReach from here →
  1. transport of fumarate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. a quinone + succinate = fumarate + a quinol
  3. a quinone + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate = dihydroxyacetone phosphate + a quinol

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, SDHB, GPD2mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• an N-acylglycineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. an acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-acylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A9, SLC6A14, GLYATL3 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
  3. 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate + [thioredoxin]-dithiol = [thioredoxin]-disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, ME2, ME3, MPSTmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• S-formylglutathioneReach from here →
  1. oxalate(in) + sulfate(out) = oxalate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. oxalate(in) + formate(out) = oxalate(out) + formate(in)
  3. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC26A2, SLC25A30, SLC26A6 and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
  3. (R)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate + pyruvate = 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, ME2, ME3, AGXT2mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• succinate semialdehydeReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of 4-aminobutyrate and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 4-aminobutanoate + 2-oxoglutarate = succinate semialdehyde + L-glutamate

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A12, ABATextracellular space, cytosol

• sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, NAT8L, ASAH1 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• D-threonineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. D-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = D-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A14, SLC7A10extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• spermidineReach from here →
  1. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, NAT8L, SAT1 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• hypotaurineReach from here →
  1. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. transport of 3-sulfinoalanine and aspartate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. 3-sulfino-L-alanine + H(+) = hypotaurine + CO2

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, SLC25A12, SLC25A13 and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• L-dopaquinoneReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Tyrosine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. L-Tyrosine,L-dopa:oxygen oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A14, TYRextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-threonineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Glutamine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. L-threonine(in) + L-glutamine(out) + Na(+)(out) = L-threonine(out) + L-glutamine(in) + Na(+)(in)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A14, SLC1A5extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 8 routes

• L-saccharopineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N6-(L-1,3-Dicarboxypropyl)-L-lysine:NADP+ oxidoreductase (L-lysine-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A14, AASSextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. Transport of L-Kynurenine

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A14, SLC7A8extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• leukotriene C4Reach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. leukotriene C4 hydrolysis

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A9, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• dimethylamineReach from here →
  1. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + oxaloacetate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-aspartate
  3. Nomega,Nomega'-dimethyl-L-arginine dimethylamidohydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, AGXT2, DDAH1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• IMPReach from here →
  1. transport of fumarate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. N6-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)AMP AMP-lyase (fumarate-forming)
  3. IMP + L-aspartate + GTP = N(6)-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-AMP + GDP + phosphate + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, ADSL, TNRC6B, ADSS2 and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• taurocyamineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  3. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A6, GATMextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-cysteateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  3. L-cysteate + H(+) = taurine + CO2

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A6, GADL1, CSADextracellular space, cytosol

• 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + H2O = 3-hydroxyanthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A14, KYNUextracellular space, cytosol

• L,L-cystathionineReach from here →
  1. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cystathionine)

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, NAT8L, NAGSinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix

• gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-glutamate:L-cysteine gamma-ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A14, GCLC, GCLMextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 6-amino-2-oxohexanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-lysine:oxygen 2-oxidoreductase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosol, peroxisome

• L-homocysteineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A14, BHMT2extracellular space, cytosol

• carbamoyl phosphateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Glutamine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. HCO3-:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming, carbamate-phosphorylating)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A14, CADextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• N,N-dimethylglycineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of betaine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-homocysteine + glycine betaine = N,N-dimethylglycine + L-methionine

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A12, BHMTextracellular space, cytosol

• S-methyl-L-methionineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A14, BHMT2extracellular space, cytosol

• taurolithocholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate + H2O = 3beta-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one + sulfate + H(+)
  2. transport of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of S-glutathionyl-2-4-dinitrobenzene (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by STS, SLCO1B1, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• an acyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, NAT8L, ASAH1 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• trans-4-hydroxy-L-prolineReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. (S)-malate + a quinone = enol-oxaloacetate + a quinol
  3. trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline + a quinone = (3R,5S)-1-pyrroline-3-hydroxy-5-carboxylate + a quinol + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, SDHB, SDHA, PRODH2mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• 5-oxo-L-prolineReach from here →
  1. sulfite(in) + sulfate(out) = sulfite(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)
  3. glutathione = L-cysteinylglycine + 5-oxo-L-proline

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, TSTD1, CHAC2 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• histamineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and histidine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-histidine carboxy-lyase (histamine-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A14, HDCextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• deamido-NAD(+)Reach from here →
  1. Transport of Quinolinic Acid
  2. Nicotinate-nucleotide:pyrophosphate phosphoribosyltransferase (carboxylating)
  3. Nicotinate-Nucleotide Adenylyltransferase, Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by SLC22A6, QPRT, NMNAT3extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• L-2-aminopentanoateReach from here →
  1. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + oxaloacetate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-aspartate
  3. 2-oxopentanoate + N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-2-aminopentanoate

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, AGXT2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• L-thyroxineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine,iodide:acceptor oxidoreductase (iodinating)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC26A4, DIO1, DIO2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• L-2-aminohexanoateReach from here →
  1. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + oxaloacetate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-aspartate
  3. 2-oxohexanoate + N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine = L-2-aminohexanoate + 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, AGXT2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamideReach from here →
  1. transport of fumarate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. 1-(5'-Phosphoribosyl)-5-amino-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-imidazole AMP-lyase
  3. 1-(5'-Phosphoribosyl)-5-amino-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-imidazole AMP-lyase

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, ADSLmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arginine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-arginine + O2 + H2O = 5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoate + H2O2 + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A14, IL4I1extracellular space, cytosol

• beta-D-ribosylnicotinateReach from here →
  1. Transport of Quinolinic Acid
  2. Nicotinate-nucleotide:pyrophosphate phosphoribosyltransferase (carboxylating)
  3. nicotinate D-ribonucleotide phosphohydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC22A6, QPRT, ACP3, NT5E and 6 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• (3Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-5-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, NAT8L, HADHA and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• S-sulfanyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 2 L-cysteine = S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-alanine

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A14, CARS2extracellular space, cytosol

• N-formyl-L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Tryptophan by Atb0 Transporter
  3. L-tryptophan + O2 = N-formyl-L-kynurenine

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A14, IDO1, TDO2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (3S)-citramalyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
  3. (3S)-citramalyl-CoA = pyruvate + acetyl-CoA

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, ME2, ME3, CLYBLmitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• (25R)-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, NAT8L, SLC27A2 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• 5-phospho-beta-D-ribosylamineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Glutamine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase (glutamine)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A14, PPATextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• phosphoenolpyruvateReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. Citrate Transport, Mitochondrial
  3. phosphoenolpyruvate(in) + citrate(out) = phosphoenolpyruvate(out) + citrate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, SLC25A1mitochondrial matrix, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 3 routes