Compound

L-kynurenine

Zwitterionic form of L-kynurenine arising from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group; major species at pH 7.3.

Definition from ChEBI (CHEBI:57959), read 2026-09-23. CC BY 4.0.

CHEBI:57959ChEBI

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Structure

2D depiction · 3D model shown

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A generated conformer of L-kynurenine — one low-energy arrangement PubChem computed, not a measured structure. Hydrogens are not drawn; the formula counts them.

Class: Organic compound
Formula: C10H12N2O3
Mass: 208.217 g/mol
Charge: 0
InChIKey: YGPSJZOEDVAXAB-QMMMGPOBSA-N
SMILES: Nc1ccccc1C(=O)C[C@H]([NH3+])C(=O)[O-]
Look it up: ChEBI PubChem By InChIKey

Identity from ChEBI, geometry from PubChem. Not evidence.

What it touches on the way

Mechanistic reach

9 entities

9 entities reached.

0 reported hops9 assembled from the scaffold

What the reference databases state

Statements

34 statements

34 statements · 2 reference databases · Subject: L-kynurenine · Sources: Human-GEM, Rhea

Order

3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine is converted to L-kynurenineCompoundRhea RHEA:20545Inferred only
L-kynurenine is converted to 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenineCompoundRhea RHEA:20545Inferred only
CHEBI:17380 is converted to L-kynurenineCompoundHuman-GEM MAR04220Inferred only
L-kynurenine is converted to CHEBI:17380CompoundHuman-GEM MAR04220Inferred only
L-kynurenine is converted to kynurenateCompoundHuman-GEM MAR04222Inferred only
L-kynurenine is converted to kynurenateCompoundRhea RHEA:65560Inferred only
L-kynurenine is converted to kynurenateCompoundHuman-GEM MAR02765Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of AADATProteinRhea RHEA:66060Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of AADATProteinRhea RHEA:70047Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of AADATProteinRhea RHEA:69104Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of AADATProteinRhea RHEA:69096Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of AADATProteinRhea RHEA:65896Inferred only

Show the remaining 22

L-kynurenine is a substrate of AADATProteinRhea RHEA:66044Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of AADATProteinRhea RHEA:66052Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of AADATProteinRhea RHEA:66092Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of AADATProteinRhea RHEA:66076Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of AADATProteinHuman-GEM MAR02765Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of AADATProteinRhea RHEA:65560Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of AADATProteinRhea RHEA:66068Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of AFMIDProteinRhea RHEA:13009Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of GOT2ProteinRhea RHEA:65560Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of KMOProteinRhea RHEA:20545Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of KMOProteinHuman-GEM MAR04220Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of KYAT1ProteinHuman-GEM MAR04222Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of KYAT1ProteinRhea RHEA:65560Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of KYAT3ProteinRhea RHEA:65560Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of KYAT3ProteinHuman-GEM MAR02765Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of KYAT3ProteinHuman-GEM MAR04222Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of KYAT3ProteinRhea RHEA:65896Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of KYNUProteinRhea RHEA:16813Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of KYNUProteinHuman-GEM MAR04224Inferred only
L-kynurenine is transported by SLC43A1ProteinHuman-GEM MAR09403Inferred only
L-kynurenine is transported by SLC7A11ProteinRhea RHEA:71191Inferred only
L-kynurenine is transported by SLC7A8ProteinHuman-GEM MAR09402Inferred only

Reactions

45 reactions

2-oxoglutarate(2-)+L-kynureninekynurenate+L-glutamate(1-)+water
Catalysed by AADAT or KYAT3
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 2.6.1.7mitochondrial matrix
Human-GEM MAR02765CC BY 4.0Reference data
water+CHEBI:30249formic acid+proton+L-kynurenine
Catalysed by AFMID
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 3.5.1.49, 3.5.1.9cytosol
Human-GEM MAR04216CC BY 4.0Reference data
CHEBI:17380+water+NADP(3-)proton+L-kynurenine+NADPH(4-)+dioxygen
Catalysed by KMO
Reaction pageReversibleBalancedEC 1.14.13.9cytosol
Human-GEM MAR04220CC BY 4.0Reference data
2-oxoglutarate(2-)+L-kynureninekynurenate+L-glutamate(1-)+water
Catalysed by KYAT3 or KYAT1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 2.6.1.7cytosol
Human-GEM MAR04222CC BY 4.0Reference data
water+L-kynurenineL-alanine+anthranilic acid+proton
Catalysed by KYNU
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 3.7.1.3cytosol
Human-GEM MAR04224CC BY 4.0Reference data
2proton+L-kynurenine+UDP-alpha-D-glucuronateMAM00787c+UDP
Reaction pageLeft to rightUnbalancedcytosol
Human-GEM MAR06720CC BY 4.0Reference data
L-kynurenineL-kynurenine
Reaction pageReversibleBalancedextracellular space, cytosol
Human-GEM MAR09274CC BY 4.0Reference data
L-kynurenine+L-phenylalanineL-kynurenine+L-phenylalanine
Transported by SLC7A8
Reaction pageReversibleBalancedextracellular space, cytosol
Human-GEM MAR09402CC BY 4.0Reference data
L-kynurenine+L-leucineL-kynurenine+L-leucine
Transported by SLC43A1
Reaction pageReversibleBalancedEC 5.1.3.1extracellular space, cytosol
Human-GEM MAR09403CC BY 4.0Reference data
L-kynurenine
Reaction pageReversibleBalance undeterminableextracellular space
Human-GEM MAR09857CC BY 4.0Reference data
N-formyl-L-kynurenine+waterL-kynurenine+formate+hydron
Catalysed by AFMID
Reaction pageDirection not assertedBalanced
Rhea RHEA:13009CC BY 4.0Reference data
L-kynurenine+wateranthranilate+L-alanine+hydron
Catalysed by KYNU
Reaction pageDirection not assertedBalanced
Rhea RHEA:16813CC BY 4.0Reference data

Show the remaining 33

Where it reaches

10 systems, 22 regions, 43 tissues, 51 transporter routes — routes, not measurements: transporters known to carry L-kynurenine are expressed there, and no source reports it arriving.

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Nervous

Endocrine

Respiratory

Cardiovascular

Digestive

Urinary

Reproductive

Blood and immune

Musculoskeletal

Skin and adipose

Other names

2 names

Resolves to: L-kynurenine

Also called: (2S)-4-(2-aminophenyl)-2-ammonio-4-oxobutanoate
Systematic name: (2S)-4-(2-aminophenyl)-2-azaniumyl-4-oxobutanoate

Compound

L-kynurenine

Zwitterionic form of L-kynurenine arising from transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group; major species at pH 7.3.

Definition from ChEBI (CHEBI:57959), read 2026-09-23. CC BY 4.0.

CHEBI:57959ChEBI

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Structure

2D depiction · 3D model shown

Loading the model…

A generated conformer of L-kynurenine — one low-energy arrangement PubChem computed, not a measured structure. Hydrogens are not drawn; the formula counts them.

Class: Organic compound
Formula: C10H12N2O3
Mass: 208.217 g/mol
Charge: 0
InChIKey: YGPSJZOEDVAXAB-QMMMGPOBSA-N
SMILES: Nc1ccccc1C(=O)C[C@H]([NH3+])C(=O)[O-]
Look it up: ChEBI PubChem By InChIKey

Identity from ChEBI, geometry from PubChem. Not evidence.

What it touches on the way

Mechanistic reach

9 entities

9 entities reached.

0 reported hops9 assembled from the scaffold

What the reference databases state

Statements

34 statements

34 statements · 2 reference databases · Subject: L-kynurenine · Sources: Human-GEM, Rhea

Order

3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine is converted to L-kynurenineCompoundRhea RHEA:20545Inferred only
L-kynurenine is converted to 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenineCompoundRhea RHEA:20545Inferred only
CHEBI:17380 is converted to L-kynurenineCompoundHuman-GEM MAR04220Inferred only
L-kynurenine is converted to CHEBI:17380CompoundHuman-GEM MAR04220Inferred only
L-kynurenine is converted to kynurenateCompoundHuman-GEM MAR04222Inferred only
L-kynurenine is converted to kynurenateCompoundRhea RHEA:65560Inferred only
L-kynurenine is converted to kynurenateCompoundHuman-GEM MAR02765Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of AADATProteinRhea RHEA:66060Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of AADATProteinRhea RHEA:70047Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of AADATProteinRhea RHEA:69104Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of AADATProteinRhea RHEA:69096Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of AADATProteinRhea RHEA:65896Inferred only

Show the remaining 22

L-kynurenine is a substrate of AADATProteinRhea RHEA:66044Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of AADATProteinRhea RHEA:66052Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of AADATProteinRhea RHEA:66092Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of AADATProteinRhea RHEA:66076Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of AADATProteinHuman-GEM MAR02765Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of AADATProteinRhea RHEA:65560Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of AADATProteinRhea RHEA:66068Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of AFMIDProteinRhea RHEA:13009Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of GOT2ProteinRhea RHEA:65560Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of KMOProteinRhea RHEA:20545Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of KMOProteinHuman-GEM MAR04220Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of KYAT1ProteinHuman-GEM MAR04222Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of KYAT1ProteinRhea RHEA:65560Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of KYAT3ProteinRhea RHEA:65560Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of KYAT3ProteinHuman-GEM MAR02765Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of KYAT3ProteinHuman-GEM MAR04222Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of KYAT3ProteinRhea RHEA:65896Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of KYNUProteinRhea RHEA:16813Inferred only
L-kynurenine is a substrate of KYNUProteinHuman-GEM MAR04224Inferred only
L-kynurenine is transported by SLC43A1ProteinHuman-GEM MAR09403Inferred only
L-kynurenine is transported by SLC7A11ProteinRhea RHEA:71191Inferred only
L-kynurenine is transported by SLC7A8ProteinHuman-GEM MAR09402Inferred only

Reactions

45 reactions

2-oxoglutarate(2-)+L-kynureninekynurenate+L-glutamate(1-)+water
Catalysed by AADAT or KYAT3
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 2.6.1.7mitochondrial matrix
Human-GEM MAR02765CC BY 4.0Reference data
water+CHEBI:30249formic acid+proton+L-kynurenine
Catalysed by AFMID
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 3.5.1.49, 3.5.1.9cytosol
Human-GEM MAR04216CC BY 4.0Reference data
CHEBI:17380+water+NADP(3-)proton+L-kynurenine+NADPH(4-)+dioxygen
Catalysed by KMO
Reaction pageReversibleBalancedEC 1.14.13.9cytosol
Human-GEM MAR04220CC BY 4.0Reference data
2-oxoglutarate(2-)+L-kynureninekynurenate+L-glutamate(1-)+water
Catalysed by KYAT3 or KYAT1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 2.6.1.7cytosol
Human-GEM MAR04222CC BY 4.0Reference data
water+L-kynurenineL-alanine+anthranilic acid+proton
Catalysed by KYNU
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 3.7.1.3cytosol
Human-GEM MAR04224CC BY 4.0Reference data
2proton+L-kynurenine+UDP-alpha-D-glucuronateMAM00787c+UDP
Reaction pageLeft to rightUnbalancedcytosol
Human-GEM MAR06720CC BY 4.0Reference data
L-kynurenineL-kynurenine
Reaction pageReversibleBalancedextracellular space, cytosol
Human-GEM MAR09274CC BY 4.0Reference data
L-kynurenine+L-phenylalanineL-kynurenine+L-phenylalanine
Transported by SLC7A8
Reaction pageReversibleBalancedextracellular space, cytosol
Human-GEM MAR09402CC BY 4.0Reference data
L-kynurenine+L-leucineL-kynurenine+L-leucine
Transported by SLC43A1
Reaction pageReversibleBalancedEC 5.1.3.1extracellular space, cytosol
Human-GEM MAR09403CC BY 4.0Reference data
L-kynurenine
Reaction pageReversibleBalance undeterminableextracellular space
Human-GEM MAR09857CC BY 4.0Reference data
N-formyl-L-kynurenine+waterL-kynurenine+formate+hydron
Catalysed by AFMID
Reaction pageDirection not assertedBalanced
Rhea RHEA:13009CC BY 4.0Reference data
L-kynurenine+wateranthranilate+L-alanine+hydron
Catalysed by KYNU
Reaction pageDirection not assertedBalanced
Rhea RHEA:16813CC BY 4.0Reference data

Show the remaining 33

Where it reaches

10 systems, 22 regions, 43 tissues, 51 transporter routes — routes, not measurements: transporters known to carry L-kynurenine are expressed there, and no source reports it arriving.