Compound
L-thyroxine
The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (monoiodotyrosine) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (diiodotyrosine) in the thyroglobulin. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form triiodothyronine which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.
Structure
Loading the model…
- Class
- Organic compound
- Formula
- C15H11I4NO4
- Mass
- 776.872 g/mol
- Charge
- 0
- InChIKey
- XUIIKFGFIJCVMT-LBPRGKRZSA-N
- SMILES
- [NH3+][C@@H](Cc1cc(I)c(Oc2cc(I)c(O)c(I)c2)c(I)c1)C(=O)[O-]
- Look it up
- ChEBIPubChemBy InChIKey
Identity from ChEBI, geometry from PubChem. Not evidence.
What it touches on the way
Mechanistic reach
34 entities
34 entities reached.
0 reported hops34 assembled from the scaffold
- DIO2ProteinUNIPROT:Q92813substrate ofInferred only54 paths18 endpoints
- UGT1A4ProteinUNIPROT:P22310metabolized byInferred only46 paths23 endpoints
- UGT1A1ProteinUNIPROT:P22309metabolized byInferred only34 paths17 endpoints
- UGT1A9ProteinUNIPROT:O60656metabolized byInferred only32 paths16 endpoints
- DIO1ProteinUNIPROT:P49895substrate ofInferred only32 paths8 endpoints
- UGT1A7ProteinUNIPROT:Q9HAW7metabolized byInferred only24 paths12 endpoints
- UGT2B4ProteinUNIPROT:P06133metabolized byInferred only22 paths11 endpoints
- UGT1A6ProteinUNIPROT:P19224metabolized byInferred only22 paths11 endpoints
- UGT2B15ProteinUNIPROT:P54855metabolized byInferred only20 paths10 endpoints
- UGT1A10ProteinUNIPROT:Q9HAW8metabolized byInferred only19 paths10 endpoints
- UGT2B17ProteinUNIPROT:O75795metabolized byInferred only18 paths9 endpoints
- UGT2A3ProteinUNIPROT:Q6UWM9metabolized byInferred only16 paths8 endpoints
Show the remaining 22
- SLCO4A1ProteinUNIPROT:Q96BD0transported byInferred only16 paths4 endpoints
- UGT2B11ProteinUNIPROT:O75310metabolized byInferred only16 paths8 endpoints
- UGT2A1ProteinUNIPROT:P0DTE4metabolized byInferred only16 paths8 endpoints
- UGT2B7ProteinUNIPROT:P16662metabolized byInferred only16 paths8 endpoints
- UGT1A5ProteinUNIPROT:P35504metabolized byInferred only16 paths8 endpoints
- SLCO1B3ProteinUNIPROT:Q9NPD5transported byInferred only15 paths2 endpoints
- UGT1A3ProteinUNIPROT:P35503metabolized byInferred only14 paths7 endpoints
- UGT2B10ProteinUNIPROT:P36537metabolized byInferred only14 paths7 endpoints
- UGT3A2ProteinUNIPROT:Q3SY77metabolized byInferred only12 paths6 endpoints
- UGT3A1ProteinUNIPROT:Q6NUS8metabolized byInferred only12 paths6 endpoints
- SULT1A1ProteinUNIPROT:P50225metabolized byInferred only12 paths12 endpoints
- SULT1A3ProteinUNIPROT:P0DMM9metabolized byInferred only10 paths10 endpoints
- UGT1A8ProteinUNIPROT:Q9HAW9metabolized byInferred only9 paths5 endpoints
- SLCO1B1ProteinUNIPROT:Q9Y6L6transported byInferred only9 paths2 endpoints
- DIO3ProteinUNIPROT:P55073substrate ofInferred only9 paths9 endpoints
- SLC7A5ProteinUNIPROT:Q01650transported byInferred only8 paths8 endpoints
- SULT1A4ProteinUNIPROT:P0DMN0metabolized byInferred only8 paths8 endpoints
- SLCO1C1ProteinUNIPROT:Q9NYB5transported byInferred only6 paths2 endpoints
- SLCO3A1ProteinUNIPROT:Q9UIG8transported byInferred only6 paths3 endpoints
- UGT2B28ProteinUNIPROT:Q9BY64metabolized byInferred only5 paths3 endpoints
- SLC16A2ProteinUNIPROT:P36021transported byInferred only4 paths2 endpoints
- SLCO2B1ProteinUNIPROT:O94956transported byInferred only2 paths2 endpoints
What the reference databases state
Chemical structure
- L-thyroxine sulfate has the functional parent L-thyroxineCompoundChEBI CHEBI:176512Inferred only
Statements
82 statements
82 statements · 2 reference databases · Subject: L-thyroxine · Sources: Human-GEM, Rhea
- L-thyroxine is converted to L-thyroxine sulfateCompoundRhea RHEA:83575Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by SULT1A1ProteinRhea RHEA:83575Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by SULT1A3ProteinRhea RHEA:83575Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by SULT1A4ProteinRhea RHEA:83575Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT1A1ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06801Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT1A1ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06800Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT1A10ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06800Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT1A10ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06801Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT1A3ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06800Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT1A3ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06801Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT1A4ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06801Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT1A4ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06800Inferred only
Show the remaining 70
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT1A5ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06801Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT1A5ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06800Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT1A6ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06800Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT1A6ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06801Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT1A7ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06801Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT1A7ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06800Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT1A8ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06800Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT1A8ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06801Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT1A9ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06801Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT1A9ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06800Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT2A1ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06800Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT2A1ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06801Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT2A3ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06800Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT2A3ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06801Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT2B10ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06800Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT2B10ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06801Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT2B11ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06800Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT2B11ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06801Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT2B15ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06801Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT2B15ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06800Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT2B17ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06801Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT2B17ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06800Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT2B28ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06800Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT2B28ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06801Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT2B4ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06801Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT2B4ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06800Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT2B7ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06800Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT2B7ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06801Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT3A1ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06800Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT3A1ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06801Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT3A2ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06800Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is metabolised by UGT3A2ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06801Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is a substrate of DIO1ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06854Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is a substrate of DIO1ProteinRhea RHEA:19745Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is a substrate of DIO1ProteinRhea RHEA:18897Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is a substrate of DIO1ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06855Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is a substrate of DIO2ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06854Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is a substrate of DIO2ProteinRhea RHEA:19745Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is a substrate of DIO2ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06855Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is a substrate of DIO3ProteinRhea RHEA:18897Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLC16A10ProteinRhea RHEA:71819Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLC16A2ProteinRhea RHEA:71819Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLC16A2ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06055Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLC17A4ProteinRhea RHEA:71819Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLC7A5ProteinRhea RHEA:71819Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLCO1A2ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06112Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLCO1A2ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06113Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLCO1A2ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06096Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLCO1A2ProteinRhea RHEA:71819Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLCO1A2ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06097Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLCO1A2ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06111Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLCO1B1ProteinRhea RHEA:71819Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLCO1B1ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06096Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLCO1B1ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06055Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLCO1B3ProteinRhea RHEA:71819Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLCO1B3ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06097Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLCO1B3ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06111Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLCO1B3ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06112Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLCO1B3ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06113Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLCO1C1ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06096Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLCO1C1ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06055Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLCO1C1ProteinRhea RHEA:71819Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLCO2B1ProteinRhea RHEA:71819Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLCO3A1ProteinRhea RHEA:71819Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLCO3A1ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06055Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLCO4A1ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06096Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLCO4A1ProteinRhea RHEA:72303Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLCO4A1ProteinRhea RHEA:71819Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLCO4A1ProteinHuman-GEM MAR06055Inferred only
- L-thyroxine is transported by SLCO4C1ProteinRhea RHEA:71819Inferred only
Reactions
19 reactions
Transported by SLCO4A1 or SLCO1B1 or SLCO1C1 or SLC16A2 or SLCO3A1
Reaction pageReversibleBalancedcytosol, extracellular space
Human-GEM MAR06055CC BY 4.0Reference data
hydrogencarbonate+L-thyroxinehydrogencarbonate+L-thyroxine
Transported by SLCO1A2 or SLCO4A1 or SLCO1B1 or SLCO1C1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedcytosol, extracellular space
Human-GEM MAR06096CC BY 4.0Reference data
CHEBI:16856+hydrogencarbonate+L-thyroxineCHEBI:16856+hydrogencarbonate+L-thyroxine
Transported by SLCO1A2 & SLCO1B3
Reaction pageReversibleBalancedcytosol, extracellular space
Human-GEM MAR06097CC BY 4.0Reference data
MAM01980c+hydrogencarbonate+L-thyroxineMAM01980e+hydrogencarbonate+L-thyroxine
Transported by SLCO1A2 & SLCO1B3
Reaction pageReversibleBalance undeterminablecytosol, extracellular space
Human-GEM MAR06111CC BY 4.0Reference data
hydrogencarbonate+2,4-dinitrophenyl-S-glutathione+L-thyroxinehydrogencarbonate+2,4-dinitrophenyl-S-glutathione+L-thyroxine
Transported by SLCO1A2 & SLCO1B3
Reaction pageReversibleBalancedcytosol, extracellular space
Human-GEM MAR06112CC BY 4.0Reference data
hydrogencarbonate+MAM02901c+L-thyroxinehydrogencarbonate+MAM02901e+L-thyroxine
Transported by SLCO1A2 & SLCO1B3
Reaction pageReversibleBalancedcytosol, extracellular space
Human-GEM MAR06113CC BY 4.0Reference data
23,5-diiodo-L-tyrosine+hydrogen peroxide2-aminoacrylic acid+2water+L-thyroxine
Catalysed by TPO
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 1.11.1.8cytosol
Human-GEM MAR06795CC BY 4.0Reference data
MAM00732c+proton+UDPL-thyroxine+UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate
Catalysed by UGT2B10 or UGT2A3 or UGT2B28 or UGT3A1 or UGT2B4 or UGT1A6 or UGT3A2 or UGT2B7 or UGT2A1 or UGT2B15 or UGT2B17 or UGT2B11 and 8 more alternatives
Reaction pageReversibleBalancedEC 2.4.1.17cytosol
Human-GEM MAR06800CC BY 4.0Reference data
L-thyroxine+UDP-alpha-D-glucuronateMAM00732r+proton+UDP
Catalysed by UGT2B10 or UGT2A3 or UGT2B28 or UGT3A1 or UGT2B4 or UGT1A6 or UGT3A2 or UGT2B7 or UGT2A1 or UGT2B15 or UGT2B17 or UGT2B11 and 8 more alternatives
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 2.4.1.17endoplasmic reticulum
Human-GEM MAR06801CC BY 4.0Reference data
iodide+NADP(3-)+3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronineNADPH(4-)+L-thyroxine
Reaction pageReversibleBalancedEC 1.21.99.4cytosol
Human-GEM MAR06854CC BY 4.0Reference data
iodide+NADP(3-)+3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronineNADPH(4-)+L-thyroxine
Reaction pageReversibleBalancedEC 1.21.99.4endoplasmic reticulum
Human-GEM MAR06855CC BY 4.0Reference data
Reaction pageReversibleBalance undeterminableextracellular space
Human-GEM MAR09424CC BY 4.0Reference data
Where it reaches
6 systems, 10 regions, 17 tissues, 21 transporter routes — routes, not measurements: transporters known to carry L-thyroxine are expressed there, and no source reports it arriving.
Loading the model…
Other names
1 name
Resolves to: L-thyroxine
- Systematic name
- (2S)-2-ammonio-3-[4-(4-hydroxy-3,5-diiodophenoxy)-3,5-diiodophenyl]propanoate