N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine

Three steps

• kinetensinReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Chymase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, CMA1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• (7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase ((7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• acetaldehydeReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and threonine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-threonine acetaldehyde-lyase (glycine-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15345Reach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. Acetoacetate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, AACSmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• cholineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, CHATmitochondrial matrix, nucleusOne of 2 routes

• acetylcholineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of acetylcholine and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• acetylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. acetylpyruvate + H2O = acetate + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, FAHD1

• all-trans-retinoic acidReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterinReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-tryptophan,tetrahydrobiopterin:oxygen oxidoreductase(5-hydroxylating)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, TPH1, TPH2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:15380Reach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. 5-aminolevulinate synthase (2-amino-3-oxoadipate)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, ALAS1, CPNE7mitochondrial matrixOne of 8 routes

• CHEBI:15477Reach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. glycine N-acyltransferase (2-methylbutyryl-CoA)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 2-methylcrotonoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. Production of Tiglylcarnitine

  Catalysed by AGXT2, CPT1A, CPT1Bmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• isobutyryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxo-4-methyl-pentanoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, HADHA, ACAA2, HADHBmitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 3-methylbut-2-enoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. glycine-N-acyltransferase (3-methylcrotonoylglycine)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GLYATmitochondrial matrix

• isovaleryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. glycine N-acyltransferase (isovalerylglycine)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• arachidonoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. Arachidonate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 11 routes

• CHEBI:15519Reach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. propanoyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, ACAA1, SCP2, MYO5Bmitochondrial matrix, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• palmitoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. Palmitate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 11 routes

• oleoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. Transport of octadecenoyl-CoA into Mitochondrial Matrix

  Catalysed by AGXT2, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 11 routes

• phenylacetyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. Phenylacetate:CoA ligase

  Catalysed by AGXT2mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• propionyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. Propanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, ACSS3, ACSS2, ACSS1mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 43 routes

• (S)-malateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. (S)-malate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH

  Catalysed by AGXT2, ME2One of 4 routes

• (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + glycine + H2O = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + L-serine
  3. (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + glycine + H2O = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + L-serine

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SHMT1, SHMT2One of 2 routes

• 10-formyltetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase
  3. Formate:tetrahydrofolate ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SHMT1, MTHFD1cytosolOne of 3 routes

• 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase
  3. histamine N-methyltransferase (SAM)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SHMT1, HNMTcytosol

• (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterinReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tryptophan + O2 = 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, TPH1, TPH2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:15650Reach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. N-acetyl-LTE4 to leukotriene E4 conversion

  Catalysed by AGXT2, ZDHHC11B, NAA10, ESCO2 and 29 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• trimethylenediamineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. deoxyhypusine synthase (1,3-diaminopropane)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, DHPSextracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:15727Reach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, NAA10mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:15746Reach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermine)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SAT1, SAT2mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15765Reach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Tyrosine,tetrahydrobiopterin:oxygen oxidoreductase (3-hydroxylating)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, THextracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• bromideReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. 2-bromoacetaldehyde:glutathione S-(formylmethyl)transferase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GSS, MGST3, GSTA4 and 15 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-carbamoyl-L-aspartic acidReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate
  3. carbamoyl-phosphate:L-aspartate carbamoyltransferase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, CADcytosol

• alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-glutamine:D-fructose-6-phosphate isomerase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• thioredoxin dithiolReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-Alanine:tRNA(Ala) ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. glycyl-tRNA(gly) phosphorylation

  Catalysed by AGXT2, AARS1cytosolOne of 4 routes

• a halide anionReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. RX + glutathione = an S-substituted glutathione + a halide anion + H(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GSS, GSTT4, GSTA4 and 21 more

• sulfateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC6A14, SLC26A6extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• ureaReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Arginine amidinohydrolase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, ARG1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoic acidReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by AGXT2mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 11-cis-retinolReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1 and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• cob(II)alaminReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 2 cob(II)alamin + A + 2 H2O + 2 H(+) = 2 aquacob(III)alamin + AH2

  Catalysed by AGXT2, MOCOS, MTRR

• lithocholic acidReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of GSH and lithocholate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• iodideReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. thyroid peroxidase (iodine)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, TPOextracellular space, cytosolOne of 25 routes

• oxaloacetateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. Pyruvate:carbon-dioxide ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, PCmitochondrial matrixOne of 9 routes

• nitric oxideReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Arginine, NADPH:Oxygen Oxidoreductase (Nitric-Oxide-Forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, NOS3, NOS1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• selaneReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)
  3. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SCLYcytosolOne of 3 routes

• N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, ACY1extracellular space, cytosol

• 2-phenylacetamideReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-phenylalanine:oxygen 2-oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, EPXextracellular space, cytosol

• anthranilateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-kynurenine + H2O = anthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)
  3. L-kynurenine + H2O = anthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, KYNU

• D-alanyl-D-alanineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. alanine racemase
  3. Formation of Alanylalanine

  Catalysed by AGXT2cytosol