CHEBI:17203

Three steps

• 3,3',5'-triiodothyronamineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 3,3',5'-triiodothyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5,5'-tetraiodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOS, DIO3extracellular space, cytosol

• L-homocysteine thiolactoneReach from here →
  1. transport of methionine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)
  3. L-homocysteine + ATP = L-homocysteine thiolactone + AMP + diphosphate

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BHMT2, MARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• L-homocysteinyl-AMPReach from here →
  1. transport of methionine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)
  3. L-homocysteine + ATP + H(+) = L-homocysteinyl-AMP + diphosphate

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BHMT2, MARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:4->C16:4), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, HADHA, ACADVL, HADHBextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• (7Z,10Z)-hexadecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation Trans (C18:2->C16:2), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, HADHA, ACADVL, HADHBextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• (4Z,7Z)-decadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C12:3->C10:2), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, ECHS1, ACAA2, HADHextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (5Z)-octenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C10:2->C8:1), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, ECHS1, ACAA2, HADHextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 3-(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxynonanalReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (E)-4-hydroxynon-2-enal + glutathione = 3-(glutathion-S-yl)-4-hydroxynonanal

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC7A6, GSS, GSTP1extracellular space, cytosol

• glycoursodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine to glycoursodeoxycholate conversion
  3. glycoursodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = glycoursodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC7A6, SULT2A1extracellular space, cytosol

• glycochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA + glycine = glycochenodeoxycholate + CoA + H(+)
  3. glycochenodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = glycochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC7A6, BAAT, SULT2A1extracellular space, cytosol

• deoxycholateReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase
  3. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosol

• a quinolReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline(out) + L-alanine(in) + Na(+)(out) = trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline(in) + L-alanine(out) + Na(+)(in)
  3. trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline + a quinone = (3R,5S)-1-pyrroline-3-hydroxy-5-carboxylate + a quinol + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC1A4, PRODH2extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 16 routes

• imidazole-4-acetaldehydeReach from here →
  1. transport of histidine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-histidine carboxy-lyase (histamine-forming)
  3. amine oxidase copper containing (histamine)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, HDC, AOC2, AOC1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• alpha-linolenic acidReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Proline by the Apical Imino Amino Acid Transporters
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. Utilized Transport

  Catalysed by CLTRN, SLC6A20, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• folic acidReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Proline by the Apical Imino Amino Acid Transporters
  2. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Folate Transport by Oats

  Catalysed by CLTRN, SLC6A20, SLC26A6, SLC22A8 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:27540Reach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (hexanoic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, ACSM4, ACSM1, ACSM2A and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 6 routes

• selenomethionineReach from here →
  1. transport of proline and threonine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-threonine ammonia-lyase (2-oxobutanoate-forming)
  3. Selenomethionine methanethiol-lyase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by SDS, SDSL, CTHextracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:27760Reach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)
  3. Selenocystathionine Lysteine-lyase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SCLY, CTHextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• elaidic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (elaidate)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• 5(S)-HETEReach from here →
  1. transport of cysteine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. cystine to cysteine conversion
  3. Glutathione: 5-HPETE oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GPX5, GPX1, GPX2 and 6 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (2-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of phenylalanine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Phenylalanine Transaminase, Mitochondrial
  3. Phenylpyruvate:oxygen oxidoreductase (hydroxylating,decarboxylating)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GOT2, TAT, HPDextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 3-mercaptolactic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of cysteine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Cysteine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  3. 3-Mercaptolactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GOT2, GOT1, LDHB and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:28701Reach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. Propanoyl-CoA:acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, ACAA1, SCP2, MYO5Bextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix, peroxisomeOne of 7 routes

• 3-disulfanyl-L-alanineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Cystine (L-Alanine antiport) by B0, +At Transporter
  3. L-cystine thiocysteine-lyase (deaminating

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC7A9, SLC3A1, CTHextracellular space, cytosol

• a dicarboxylateReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Hippurate (Benzoylglycinate) Formation
  3. N-benzoylglycine(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = N-benzoylglycine(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC7A6, SLC22A6, SLC22A8extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• L-ascorbic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. L-dehydroascorbate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + L-ascorbate

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC7A6, GSS, CLIC1 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• Ca(2+)Reach from here →
  1. transport of cysteine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  3. Ca(2+)(out) + K(+)(out) + 4 Na(+)(in) = Ca(2+)(in) + K(+)(in) + 4 Na(+)(out)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC1A1, SLC24A1, SLC24A5 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 5 routes

• 3-methyl-1-hydroxybutylthiamine diphosphateReach from here →
  1. transport of leucine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Leucine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  3. branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase E1 (4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BCAT2, BCKDHA, BCKDHBextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• hypoioditeReach from here →
  1. transport of proline and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. thyroid peroxidase (iodine)
  3. iodide + H2O2 = hypoiodite + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, TPO, MPO, LPOextracellular space, cytosol

• a thiolReach from here →
  1. transport of cysteine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
  3. L-cysteinyl-[sulfatase] + 2 a thiol + O2 = an organic disulfide + 3-oxo-L-alanyl-[sulfatase] + hydrogen sulfide + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, CTH, SUMF1extracellular space, cytosol

• hydrogenselenideReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOS, SCLYextracellular space, cytosol

• phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Proline by the Apical Imino Amino Acid Transporters
  2. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. phosphocholine + H2O = choline + phosphate

  Catalysed by CLTRN, SLC6A20, SLC5A7, PHOSPHO1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• cholateReach from here →
  1. transport of cysteine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. cystine to cysteine conversion
  3. solute carrier organic anion transporter (cholate)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• glycolateReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)
  3. glycolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC7A6, DAO, GRHPRextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 3 routes

• D-aspartateReach from here →
  1. transport of cysteine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  3. D-aspartate(out) + K(+)(in) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = D-aspartate(in) + K(+)(out) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC1A1, SLC1A7, SLC1A3 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• acetateReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, AGXT2, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 11 routes

• 3-acetamidopropanalReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport by Y+Lat-2 into Extracellular Space
  3. N1-acetylspermidine:oxygen oxidoreductase (3-acetamidopropanal-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, SLC3A2, PAOX, SMOXextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• oxalateReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. glyoxylate + O2 + H2O = oxalate + H2O2 + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC7A6, AADAT, HAO1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• anthranilic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-kynurenine + H2O = anthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)
  3. L-Kynurenine hydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, KYNUextracellular space, cytosol

• propionic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. transport of propanoate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, AGXT2, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• citric acidReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Proline by the Apical Imino Amino Acid Transporters
  2. transport of chloride and oxalate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Mitochondrial Carrier (Mc) Tcdb:2.A.29.7.2

  Catalysed by CLTRN, SLC6A20, SLC26A6, SLC25A1extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• butyric acidReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, AGXT2, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• maleateReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Proline by the Apical Imino Amino Acid Transporters
  2. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. maleate(in) + sulfate(out) = maleate(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by CLTRN, SLC6A20, SLC26A6, SLC25A14 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• (9Z)-octadecenoateReach from here →
  1. transport of phenylalanine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-phenylalanine + (9Z)-octadecenoate = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-L-phenylalanine + H2O
  3. L-phenylalanine + (9Z)-octadecenoate = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-L-phenylalanine + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, PM20D1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• orotateReach from here →
  1. L-proline:(acceptor) oxidoreductase
  2. L-proline + a quinone = (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate + a quinol + H(+)
  3. (S)-dihydroorotate + a quinone = orotate + a quinol

  Catalysed by PRODH2, PRODH, DHODHcytosol

• 3-hydroxypyruvic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. L-Serine:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, AGXT2, AGXTextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (S)-dihydroorotateReach from here →
  1. Aspartate Intake by System Asct-1 Transporter
  2. carbamoyl-phosphate:L-aspartate carbamoyltransferase
  3. (S)-dihydroorotate amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by CADextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• an alcoholReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. a hydroperoxide + 2 glutathione = an alcohol + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC7A6, GSS, CP and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• isocitric acidReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Proline by the Apical Imino Amino Acid Transporters
  2. transport of chloride and oxalate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Mitochondrial Carrier (Mc) Tcdb:2.A.29.7.2

  Catalysed by CLTRN, SLC6A20, SLC26A6, SLC25A1extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• glutarateReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. glycocholate(out) + glutarate(in) = glycocholate(in) + glutarate(out)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC7A6, BAAT, SLC22A24extracellular space, cytosol, peroxisome, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes