citric acid

• blood glycerol

  increases, n = 7

  Only Caff increased plasma epinephrine (P<0.05), but both MX increased blood glycerol levels (P<0.05).

  PMID:11053334 · one of two readings recorded this

• blood glycerol

  increases, n = 7

  Only Caff increased plasma epinephrine (P<0.05), but both MX increased blood glycerol levels (P<0.05).

  PMID:11053334 · one of two readings recorded this

• muscle cAMP

  increases, n = 7

  Muscle cAMP was increased (P<0.05) by both MX at 15 min and remained elevated at 45 min with Theo.

  PMID:11053334 · one of two readings recorded this

• muscle cAMP

  increases, n = 7

  Muscle cAMP was increased (P<0.05) by both MX at 15 min and remained elevated at 45 min with Theo.

  PMID:11053334 · one of two readings recorded this

• muscle glycogen utilization

  no effect, n = 7

  Neither methylxanthines (MX) affected muscle glycogen utilization (P>0.05).

  PMID:11053334 · one of two readings recorded this

• muscle glycogen utilization

  no effect, n = 7

  Neither methylxanthines (MX) affected muscle glycogen utilization (P>0.05).

  PMID:11053334 · one of two readings recorded this

• plasma epinephrine

  increases, n = 7

  Only Caff increased plasma epinephrine (P<0.05), but both MX increased blood glycerol levels (P<0.05).

  PMID:11053334 · one of two readings recorded this

• plasma epinephrine

  increases, n = 7

  Only Caff increased plasma epinephrine (P<0.05), but both MX increased blood glycerol levels (P<0.05).

  PMID:11053334 · one of two readings recorded this

• time to exhaustion, cycling at 80% max O2 consumption

  increases, Caff 41.2+/-4.8 min, Theo 37.4+/-5.0 min vs placebo 32.6+/-3.4 min, n = 8

  There was a significant increase in time to exhaustion in both the Caff (41.2+/-4.8 min) and Theo (37.4+/-5.0 min) trials compared with placebo (32.6+/-3.4 min) (P<0.05).

  PMID:11053334 · one of two readings recorded this

• time to exhaustion cycling at 80% maximum O2 consumption, 90 min after ingestion

  increases, Caff 41.2+/-4.8 min and Theo 37.4+/-5.0 min vs placebo 32.6+/-3.4 min, n = 8

  Not recorded as a finding: subject_absent

  There was a significant increase in time to exhaustion in both the Caff (41.2+/-4.8 min) and Theo (37.4+/-5.0 min) trials compared with placebo (32.6+/-3.4 min) (P<0.05).

  PMID:11053334 · one of two readings recorded this

• time to exhaustion, cycling at 80% VO2max

  increases, Caff 41.2+/-4.8 min and Theo 37.4+/-5.0 min vs placebo 32.6+/-3.4 min, n = 8

  There was a significant increase in time to exhaustion in both the Caff (41.2+/-4.8 min) and Theo (37.4+/-5.0 min) trials compared with placebo (32.6+/-3.4 min) (P<0.05).

  PMID:11053334 · one of two readings recorded this

• time to exhaustion during cycling at 80% maximum O2 consumption after ingestion of caffeine, theophylline, or placebo

  increases, Caff 41.2+/-4.8 min and Theo 37.4+/-5.0 min vs placebo 32.6+/-3.4 min, n = 8

  Not recorded as a finding: subject_absent

  There was a significant increase in time to exhaustion in both the Caff (41.2+/-4.8 min) and Theo (37.4+/-5.0 min) trials compared with placebo (32.6+/-3.4 min) (P<0.05).

  PMID:11053334 · one of two readings recorded this

• citrate inhibition of 49-kDa PFK1 fragment

  no effect

  On the other hand, the shorter fragment of PFK1 proved to be completely resistant to inhibition by citrate

  PMID:16820438 · one of two readings recorded this

• citrate inhibition of 85-kDa native PFK1 relieved by magnesium

  decreases

  while increasing magnesium concentrations relieved the negative effect of citrate

  PMID:16820438 · one of two readings recorded this

• cell proliferation/adhesion (MTT assay)

  decreases

  Quantitative MTT analysis show that cells proliferated better on PLLA films when compared to non-collagen-immobilized POMC films.

  PMID:20557687 · one of two readings recorded this

• subcutaneous foreign-body fibrous capsule thickness

  decreases, 284.29 ± 25.42 μm (POMC) vs 312.38 ± 20.20 μm (PLLA)

  The thickness of the cell layers are 284.29 ± 25.42 μm for POMC and 312.38 ± 20.20 μm for PLLA.

  PMID:20557687 · one of two readings recorded this

• compressive strain without permanent deformation

  Cyclic conditioning tests showed that PPEGMC hydrogels could be compressed up to 75% strain without permanent deformation and with negligible hysteresis

  PMID:20800893 · one of two readings recorded this

• time to complete degradation in vivo

  PPEGMC elicited minimal inflammation in the early stages post-injection and was completely degraded within 30 days in rats

  PMID:20800893 · one of two readings recorded this

• CD11b positive inflammatory cells in incision area

  no effect

  By day 28th there was a negligible number of inflammatory cells for both groups (iCMBA: 92±42 #/mm2; suture: 107±50 #/mm2)

  PMID:22902057 · one of two readings recorded this

• CD11b positive inflammatory cells in incision area

  no effect

  Similarly the number of CD11b positive inflammatory cells in the incisions area at seventh day post treatment was not significantly different in iCMBA-treated wounds (1771±242 #/mm2) and sutured wounds (1592±142 #/mm2)

  PMID:22902057 · one of two readings recorded this

• cell viability in degradation products at 1x

  no effect

  iCMBA degradation products (1×) showed a cell viability of at least 72.9±9 %

  PMID:22902057 · one of two readings recorded this

• cell viability in sol-content leachate at 1x

  decreases

  The cytotoxicity of the leachable content (sol content) of crosslinked iCMBAs at 1× concentration was between of 60±4 and 83±14 %

  PMID:22902057 · one of two readings recorded this

• collagen density

  increases

  a higher amount of collagen was found at the sites of rat's iCMBA-treated wounds (7th day= 15±12 %; 28th day= 63±4 %) than those treated with sutures (7th day= 17±9 %; 28th day= 58±7 %) on day 28th

  PMID:22902057 · one of two readings recorded this

• collagen density

  a higher amount of collagen was found at the sites of rat's iCMBA-treated wounds (7th day= 15±12 %; 28th day= 63±4 %) than those treated with sutures (7th day= 17±9 %; 28th day= 58±7 %) on day 28th

  PMID:22902057 · one of two readings recorded this

• dry-state elongation at break (highest)

  In the dry state, the highest measured values for tensile strength, elongation at break and tensile modulus were 8515.1±1167 kPa (iCMBA-P200D0.3 PI:8%), 1582.5±144.6 % (iCMBA-P400D0.3 PI:4%) and 35.7±6.7 MPa (iCMBA-P200D0.3 PI:8%), respectively

  PMID:22902057 · one of two readings recorded this

• dry-state tensile modulus (highest)

  In the dry state, the highest measured values for tensile strength, elongation at break and tensile modulus were 8515.1±1167 kPa (iCMBA-P200D0.3 PI:8%), 1582.5±144.6 % (iCMBA-P400D0.3 PI:4%) and 35.7±6.7 MPa (iCMBA-P200D0.3 PI:8%), respectively

  PMID:22902057 · one of two readings recorded this

• dry-state tensile strength (highest)

  In the dry state, the highest measured values for tensile strength, elongation at break and tensile modulus were 8515.1±1167 kPa (iCMBA-P200D0.3 PI:8%), 1582.5±144.6 % (iCMBA-P400D0.3 PI:4%) and 35.7±6.7 MPa (iCMBA-P200D0.3 PI:8%), respectively

  PMID:22902057 · one of two readings recorded this

• gel time

  The measured gel time was in the range of 18 seconds for iCMBA-P400D0.5 PI:8% at 37°C up to slightly over 5 minutes for iCMBA-P400D0.3 PI:2%

  PMID:22902057 · one of two readings recorded this

• gel time

  The measured gel time was in the range of 18 seconds for iCMBA-P400D0.5 PI:8% at 37°C up to slightly over 5 minutes for iCMBA-P400D0.3 PI:2%

  PMID:22902057 · one of two readings recorded this

• lap shear adhesion strength (highest iCMBA)

  The lap shear adhesion strength of different iCMBA formulations varied between 33.4±8.9 kPa (for iCMBA-P200D0.3 PI:2%) and 123.2±13.2 kPa (for iCMBA-P1000D0.3 PI:8%)

  PMID:22902057 · one of two readings recorded this

• lap shear adhesion strength (lowest iCMBA)

  The lap shear adhesion strength of different iCMBA formulations varied between 33.4±8.9 kPa (for iCMBA-P200D0.3 PI:2%) and 123.2±13.2 kPa (for iCMBA-P1000D0.3 PI:8%)

  PMID:22902057 · one of two readings recorded this

• lap shear adhesion strength

  commercially available fibrin glue with the adhesion strength measured at 15.4±2.8 kPa

  PMID:22902057 · one of two readings recorded this

• pre-polymer cell viability (NIH 3T3, MTT)

  decreases

  At the concentration of 10mg/mL (pre-polymer/cell culture medium) the cell viability was between 66±6 and 78±11 % of that in the blank medium

  PMID:22902057 · one of two readings recorded this

• pre-polymer cell viability (NIH 3T3, MTT)

  which was comparable to the value for control solution (PEGDA 700) at 78±7 %

  PMID:22902057 · one of two readings recorded this

• sol content (highest)

  iCMBA-P400D0.3 PI:2% had the highest sol content of about 34%

  PMID:22902057 · one of two readings recorded this

• sol content (lowest)

  iCMBA-P400D0.5 and iCMBA-P200D0.3, both crosslinked with PI:8% (w/w PI/pre-polymer), showed the lowest amount of sol content of 2.37% and 2.86%, respectively

  PMID:22902057 · one of two readings recorded this

• sol content (lowest)

  iCMBA-P400D0.5 and iCMBA-P200D0.3, both crosslinked with PI:8% (w/w PI/pre-polymer), showed the lowest amount of sol content of 2.37% and 2.86%, respectively

  PMID:22902057 · one of two readings recorded this

• swelling percentage (lowest)

  iCMBA-P400D0.5 PI:8%, having the highest amount of dopamine content and crosslinked with high PI-to-iCMBA ratio, demonstrated the lowest swelling percentage with 471.8%

  PMID:22902057 · one of two readings recorded this

• swelling ratio (highest)

  iCMBA-P1000D0.3 PI:8%, which consists of PEG 1000, displayed the highest swollen ratio at approximately 3400%

  PMID:22902057 · one of two readings recorded this

• tensile strength of regenerated rat skin

  increases

  the iCMBA-treated skin had better tensile strength (1250±315 kPa) than suture-closed skin (810±355 kPa)

  PMID:22902057 · one of two readings recorded this

• time to complete degradation in PBS at 37°C

  iCMBA-P400D0.5 PI:8% exhibited the slowest rate of degradation, 25 days for complete degradation in PBS at 37°C

  PMID:22902057 · one of two readings recorded this

• total cell density in incision area

  no effect

  The difference between total cell densities in the incision area treated by iCMBA (7th day= 3996±264 #/mm2; 28th day= 3202±227 #/mm2) and suture (7th day: 4117±269 #/mm2; 28th day: 2992±163 #/mm2) was not significant

  PMID:22902057 · one of two readings recorded this

• total cell density in incision area

  no effect

  The difference between total cell densities in the incision area treated by iCMBA (7th day= 3996±264 #/mm2; 28th day= 3202±227 #/mm2) and suture (7th day: 4117±269 #/mm2; 28th day: 2992±163 #/mm2) was not significant

  PMID:22902057 · one of two readings recorded this

• 5-fluorouracil loading efficiency

  High loading efficiency (91.84%) and sustained release of 5-fluorouracil (up to 120 h) were achieved from UBPLP nanoparticles

  PMID:23465824 · one of two readings recorded this

• 5-fluorouracil sustained release duration

  High loading efficiency (91.84%) and sustained release of 5-fluorouracil (up to 120 h) were achieved from UBPLP nanoparticles

  PMID:23465824 · one of two readings recorded this

• burst pressure

  Porous triphasic CUBPLP vascular scaffolds showed a burst pressure of 769.33 ± 70.88 mmHg and a suture retention strength of 1.79 ± 0.11 N

  PMID:23465824 · one of two readings recorded this

• elongation at break

  Crosslinked UBPLPs (CUBPLPs) showed soft, elastic, but strong mechanical properties with a tensile strength as high as 49.41 ± 6.17 MPa and a corresponding elongation at break of 334.87 ± 26.31%

  PMID:23465824 · one of two readings recorded this

• fluorescence quantum yield

  With a quantum yield as high as 38.65%, both triphasic scaffold and nanoparticle solutions could be non-invasively detected in vivo

  PMID:23465824 · one of two readings recorded this

• nanoparticle average size

  Stable but photoluminescent nanoparticles with average size of 103 nm were also obtained by nanoprecipitation

  PMID:23465824 · one of two readings recorded this

• suture retention strength

  Porous triphasic CUBPLP vascular scaffolds showed a burst pressure of 769.33 ± 70.88 mmHg and a suture retention strength of 1.79 ± 0.11 N

  PMID:23465824 · one of two readings recorded this

• tensile strength

  Crosslinked UBPLPs (CUBPLPs) showed soft, elastic, but strong mechanical properties with a tensile strength as high as 49.41 ± 6.17 MPa and a corresponding elongation at break of 334.87 ± 26.31%

  PMID:23465824 · one of two readings recorded this

• brain and liver MDA, nitrite, TNF-α (brain) after LPS alone

  increases

  LPS induced oxidative stress in the brain and liver tissue, resulting in marked increase in lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde [MDA]) and nitrite

  PMID:24433072 · one of two readings recorded this

• brain and liver tissue malondialdehyde (lipid peroxidation), nitrite, TNF-alpha, glutathione peroxidase and paraoxonase 1 activity in LPS-treated mice

  decreases, citric acid 1-2 g/kg attenuated LPS-induced elevation of brain MDA

  Not recorded as a finding: a node exists but the paper states a different instrument or population

  The administration of citric acid (1-2 g/kg) attenuated LPS-induced elevations in brain MDA, nitrite, TNF-α, GPx, and PON1 activity.

  PMID:24433072 · one of two readings recorded this

• brain and liver tissue malondialdehyde, nitrite, TNF-alpha, glutathione peroxidase and paraoxonase 1 activity in LPS-treated mice

  decreases, citric acid 1-2 g/kg attenuated LPS-induced elevations in brain MDA, nitrite, TNF-α, GPx and PON1 activity

  Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

  The administration of citric acid (1-2 g/kg) attenuated LPS-induced elevations in brain MDA, nitrite, TNF-α, GPx, and PON1 activity.

  PMID:24433072 · one of two readings recorded this

• brain glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity

  modulates

  The administration of citric acid (1-2 g/kg) attenuated LPS-induced elevations in brain MDA, nitrite, TNF-α, GPx, and PON1 activity

  PMID:24433072 · one of two readings recorded this

• brain malondialdehyde (lipid peroxidation)

  decreases

  The administration of citric acid (1-2 g/kg) attenuated LPS-induced elevations in brain MDA, nitrite, TNF-α, GPx, and PON1 activity

  PMID:24433072 · one of two readings recorded this

• brain nitrite

  decreases

  The administration of citric acid (1-2 g/kg) attenuated LPS-induced elevations in brain MDA, nitrite, TNF-α, GPx, and PON1 activity

  PMID:24433072 · one of two readings recorded this

• brain paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity

  modulates

  The administration of citric acid (1-2 g/kg) attenuated LPS-induced elevations in brain MDA, nitrite, TNF-α, GPx, and PON1 activity

  PMID:24433072 · one of two readings recorded this

• brain TNF-α

  decreases

  The administration of citric acid (1-2 g/kg) attenuated LPS-induced elevations in brain MDA, nitrite, TNF-α, GPx, and PON1 activity

  PMID:24433072 · one of two readings recorded this

• liver caspase-3

  decreases

  The LPS-induced liver injury, DNA fragmentation, serum transaminase elevations, caspase-3, and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression were attenuated by 1-2 g/kg citric acid

  PMID:24433072 · one of two readings recorded this

• liver DNA fragmentation at high dose

  increases

  DNA fragmentation, however, increased after 4 g/kg citric acid

  PMID:24433072 · one of two readings recorded this

• liver DNA fragmentation

  decreases

  The LPS-induced liver injury, DNA fragmentation, serum transaminase elevations, caspase-3, and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression were attenuated by 1-2 g/kg citric acid

  PMID:24433072 · one of two readings recorded this

• liver GPx activity

  increases

  GPx activity was increased, while PON1 activity was decreased by citric acid

  PMID:24433072 · one of two readings recorded this

• liver inducible nitric oxide synthase expression

  decreases

  The LPS-induced liver injury, DNA fragmentation, serum transaminase elevations, caspase-3, and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression were attenuated by 1-2 g/kg citric acid

  PMID:24433072 · one of two readings recorded this

• liver injury

  decreases

  The LPS-induced liver injury, DNA fragmentation, serum transaminase elevations, caspase-3, and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression were attenuated by 1-2 g/kg citric acid

  PMID:24433072 · one of two readings recorded this

• liver nitrite

  decreases

  In the liver, nitrite was decreased by 1 g/kg citric acid

  PMID:24433072 · one of two readings recorded this

• liver PON1 activity

  decreases

  GPx activity was increased, while PON1 activity was decreased by citric acid

  PMID:24433072 · one of two readings recorded this

• serum transaminases

  decreases

  The LPS-induced liver injury, DNA fragmentation, serum transaminase elevations, caspase-3, and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression were attenuated by 1-2 g/kg citric acid

  PMID:24433072 · one of two readings recorded this

• compression strength, interfacial bone ingrowth, periosteal remodeling at 15 weeks

  no effect

  Biomechanical and histomorphometric analysis supported a similar outcome with biphasic scaffolds providing increased compression strength, interfacial bone ingrowth, and periosteal remodeling in early time points, but were comparable to all experimental groups after 15 weeks

  PMID:24829094 · one of two readings recorded this

• compressive strength of biphasic POC-Click-HA scaffolds

  Biphasic POC-Click-HA scaffolds displayed compressive strengths up to 37.45 ± 3.83 MPa, which could be controlled through the external phase porosity

  PMID:24829094 · one of two readings recorded this

• new bone formation and bone density, early stages

  increases

  Biphasic scaffolds significantly enhanced new bone formation with higher bone densities in the initial stages after implantation

  PMID:24829094 · one of two readings recorded this

• Al tolerance and citrate secretion in Arabidopsis

  increases

  Compared with the wild-type Arabidopsis, the transgenic lines constitutively overexpressing BoMATE enhanced Al tolerance and increased citrate secretion

  PMID:24850836 · one of two readings recorded this

• BoMATE expression, roots versus shoots

  increases

  The expression of BoMATE was more abundant in roots than in shoots, and it was highly induced by Al treatment

  PMID:24850836 · one of two readings recorded this

• BoMATE expression

  increases

  The expression of BoMATE was more abundant in roots than in shoots, and it was highly induced by Al treatment

  PMID:24850836 · one of two readings recorded this

• citrate efflux

  increases

  The (14)C-citrate efflux experiments in oocytes demonstrated that BoMATE is a citrate transporter

  PMID:24850836 · one of two readings recorded this

• H(+) efflux in distal elongation zone

  increases

  Arabidopsis transgenic lines had a lower K(+) efflux and higher H(+) efflux, in the presence of Al, than control wild type in the distal elongation zone (DEZ)

  PMID:24850836 · one of two readings recorded this

• K(+) efflux in distal elongation zone

  decreases

  Arabidopsis transgenic lines had a lower K(+) efflux and higher H(+) efflux, in the presence of Al, than control wild type in the distal elongation zone (DEZ)

  PMID:24850836 · one of two readings recorded this

• bone mineral density, trabecular thickness and angiogenesis

  increases

  Both, POC-Click-HA and CUPE-HA scaffolds, resulted in enhanced bone mineral density, trabecular thickness, and angiogenesis when compared to the control groups at 1, 3, and 6 months post-trauma

  PMID:25372769 · one of two readings recorded this

• osteogenesis (radiological and histological)

  increases

  Radiological and histological data showed a significant enhancement of osteogenesis in defects treated with CUPE-HA scaffolds when compared to POC-Click-HA scaffolds

  PMID:25372769 · one of two readings recorded this

• sealer penetration into dentinal tubules

  decreases, p = 0.05

  MG and CG presented the lowest penetrability values (P < .05)

  PMID:25903061 · one of two readings recorded this

• sealer penetration into dentinal tubules

  no effect, p = 0.05

  QG and EG presented similar amounts of sealer penetration (P > .05)

  PMID:25903061 · one of two readings recorded this

• smear layer removal, apical third

  increases, p = 0.05

  The best results for smear layer removal of the apical third of the root canal were achieved by the QG and EG groups when compared with MG and CG (P < .05)

  PMID:25903061 · one of two readings recorded this

• fasting glycaemia, glucose tolerance and adipose tissue cytokine expression in mice given citrate or citrate+sucrose in drinking water

  increases, augmented fasting glycaemia and glucose intolerance in citrate+sucrose group

  Not recorded as a finding: the intervention held more than the compound

  However, the group receiving citrate+sucrose showed augmented fasting glycaemia, glucose intolerance and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10) in their AT.

  PMID:26863933 · one of two readings recorded this

• fasting glycaemia

  increases

  the group receiving citrate+sucrose showed augmented fasting glycaemia, glucose intolerance and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10) in their AT

  PMID:26863933 · one of two readings recorded this

• glucose tolerance

  decreases

  the group receiving citrate+sucrose showed augmented fasting glycaemia, glucose intolerance and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10) in their AT

  PMID:26863933 · one of two readings recorded this

• liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue weight

  no effect

  mice receiving citrate or citrate+sucrose did not show increased weight gain or an increase in the weight of the liver, skeletal muscles or adipose tissues (AT)

  PMID:26863933 · one of two readings recorded this

• plasma lipid profile (TAG, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL), weight gain, fasting glycaemia, glucose tolerance, adipose tissue cytokine expression in mice given citrate in drinking water with or without sucrose

  no effect, plasma lipid profiles similar across all groups

  Not recorded as a finding: the supporting sentence never names the compound

  Moreover, the plasma lipid profiles (TAG, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL) were similar across all groups.

  PMID:26863933 · one of two readings recorded this

• plasma lipid profile (TAG, total cholesterol, LDL, HDL)

  no effect

  the plasma lipid profiles (TAG, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL) were similar across all groups

  PMID:26863933 · one of two readings recorded this

• pro-inflammatory cytokine expression (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10)

  increases

  the group receiving citrate+sucrose showed augmented fasting glycaemia, glucose intolerance and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10) in their AT

  PMID:26863933 · one of two readings recorded this

• weight gain

  no effect

  mice receiving citrate or citrate+sucrose did not show increased weight gain or an increase in the weight of the liver, skeletal muscles or adipose tissues (AT)

  PMID:26863933 · one of two readings recorded this

• bacterial inhibition ratio against S. aureus and E. coli, PI-crosslinked iCs, 24 hours

  increases

  The bacterial inhibition ratios of iCs and clickable iCs crosslinked by PI against S. au or E. coli were still higher than 90% or 60%, respectively, after 24 hours

  PMID:27770631 · one of two readings recorded this

• bacterial inhibition ratio of iC-X-PIs after 24 hours of incubation

  increases

  they remained at ~70% against S. au or ~50% against E. coli even after 24 hours of incubation

  PMID:27770631 · one of two readings recorded this

• complete degradation time of crosslinked clickable iCs

  Complete degradation could be realized in 35 days in all formulas tested

  PMID:27770631 · one of two readings recorded this

• elongation at break of crosslinked iCs

  All of the crosslinked iCs exhibited elastic behavior with their elongation at break higher than 150%

  PMID:27770631 · one of two readings recorded this

• fungal survival, dual-crosslinked clickable iCs

  only ~ 10% fungal survival was observed

  PMID:27770631 · one of two readings recorded this

• fungal survival, Hydrofera Blue

  crosslinked iCs, including the CuAAC crosslinked one, all exhibited better fungal inhibition effect than Hydrofera Blue (~ 25% fungal survival)

  PMID:27770631 · one of two readings recorded this

• gel time of dual-crosslinked clickable iCs

  The gel times of dual-crosslinked clickable iCs crosslinked by CuSO4-NaLAc-PI-HEPES at 37 °C were below 5 minutes for all the formulations tested

  PMID:27770631 · one of two readings recorded this

• hMSC viability with Cu2+ and NaLAc

  both Cu2+ and NaLAc treated hMSCs showed cell viability higher than 85% when the concentrations were lower than 1000 μmol/L

  PMID:27770631 · one of two readings recorded this

• optimal HEPES concentration for fastest gelation

  Among the investigated formulations, 20 mM of HEPES was found to generate the quickest crosslinking for all the three CuSO4/NaLAc ratios used

  PMID:27770631 · one of two readings recorded this

• sol content of dual-crosslinked iC-X-PI versus PI-crosslinked iCs

  decreases

  whereas dual-crosslinked clickable iCs (iC-X-PI) possessed much lower sol contents (all < 5%) than iCs crosslinked by PI (~17.5%)

  PMID:27770631 · one of two readings recorded this

• wet adhesion strength, PI-only versus click plus dual crosslinking

  increases

  The introduction of click chemistry and the application of dual crosslinking mechanism vastly improved the wet adhesion strength of iCs (from ~50 kPa for iC-P4-PI 8 wt% to ~223 kPa for GL-iC-P2/4-X-PI 4 wt%)

  PMID:27770631 · one of two readings recorded this

• wet adhesion strength versus fibrin glue

  increases

  Most importantly, the highest adhesion strength achieved (223.11 ± 15.94 kPa) during the test was approximately 13 times higher than that of commercially available fibrin at 15.4 ± 2.8 kPa

  PMID:27770631 · one of two readings recorded this

• wet tissue lap shear strength range across clickable iC formulations

  The various formulations of clickable iC showed wet tissue lap shear strengths ranging from 41.21 ± 4.48 kPa (for iC-P4-X) to 223.11 ± 15.94 kPa (for GL-iC-P2/4-X-PI 4 wt%)

  PMID:27770631 · one of two readings recorded this

• cyclooxygenase-2 synthesis

  decreases

  CWG inhibited secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-12 and the synthesis of cyclooxygenase-2, while UWG only decreased IL-12 production

  PMID:28698513 · one of two readings recorded this

• IL-10 and heme oxygenase-1 levels

  increases

  CWG and UWG induced high levels of anti-inflammatory IL-10 and heme oxygenase-1

  PMID:28698513 · one of two readings recorded this

• IL-12 production

  decreases

  CWG inhibited secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-12 and the synthesis of cyclooxygenase-2, while UWG only decreased IL-12 production

  PMID:28698513 · one of two readings recorded this

• IL-12 secretion

  decreases

  CWG inhibited secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-12 and the synthesis of cyclooxygenase-2, while UWG only decreased IL-12 production

  PMID:28698513 · one of two readings recorded this

• IL-6 secretion

  decreases

  CWG inhibited secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-12 and the synthesis of cyclooxygenase-2, while UWG only decreased IL-12 production

  PMID:28698513 · one of two readings recorded this

• phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and p38 kinase

  decreases

  CWG specifically inhibited phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and p38 kinase at 15 min after LPS stimulation

  PMID:28698513 · one of two readings recorded this

• TNF-α secretion

  decreases

  CWG inhibited secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-12 and the synthesis of cyclooxygenase-2, while UWG only decreased IL-12 production

  PMID:28698513 · one of two readings recorded this

• total phenolic and total flavonoid contents

  decreases

  Treatment of wheat germ with citric acid resulted in detectable release of DMBQ but reduced total phenolic and total flavonoid contents compared with untreated wheat germ extract (UWG)

  PMID:28698513 · one of two readings recorded this

• optical loss of citrate-based step-index optical fiber

  we developed a two-step fabrication method to fabricate flexible and low-loss (0.4 db/cm) optical fibers

  PMID:28802101 · one of two readings recorded this

• Al-induced citrate secretion in transgenic Arabidopsis

  increases

  Expression of FeMATE1 also partially recovered the Al-induced secretion of citrate in the transgenic lines, whereas expression of FeMATE2 did not complement the citrate secretion

  PMID:29040793 · one of two readings recorded this

• Al-induced citrate secretion in transgenic Arabidopsis

  no effect

  Expression of FeMATE1 also partially recovered the Al-induced secretion of citrate in the transgenic lines, whereas expression of FeMATE2 did not complement the citrate secretion

  PMID:29040793 · one of two readings recorded this

• Al tolerance of Arabidopsis atmate mutant

  increases

  Heterologous expression of FeMATE1 or FeMATE2 in the Arabidopsis mutant atmate partially rescued its Al tolerance

  PMID:29040793 · one of two readings recorded this

• citrate and oxalate secretion from buckwheat roots

  increases

  buckwheat roots also secreted citrate in addition to oxalate in response to Al in a dose-responsive manner

  PMID:29040793 · one of two readings recorded this

• citrate efflux transport activity

  increases

  Both FeMATE1 and FeMATE2 showed efflux transport activity for citrate, but not for oxalate when expressed in Xenopus oocytes

  PMID:29040793 · one of two readings recorded this

• FeMATE1 and FeMATE2 expression

  no effect

  the expression of both genes only responded to Al toxicity, but not to other stresses including low pH, cadmium (Cd) and lanthanum (La)

  PMID:29040793 · one of two readings recorded this

• FeMATE1 expression

  increases

  The expression of FeMATE1 was induced by Al only in the roots, but that of FeMATE2 was up-regulated in both the roots and leaves

  PMID:29040793 · one of two readings recorded this

• FeMATE2 expression

  increases

  The expression of FeMATE1 was induced by Al only in the roots, but that of FeMATE2 was up-regulated in both the roots and leaves

  PMID:29040793 · one of two readings recorded this

• oxalate efflux transport activity

  no effect

  Both FeMATE1 and FeMATE2 showed efflux transport activity for citrate, but not for oxalate when expressed in Xenopus oocytes

  PMID:29040793 · one of two readings recorded this

• Al-induced citrate secretion from rice bean root apex

  increases

  Al-induced citrate secretion from the rice bean root apex is biphasic, consisting of an early phase with low secretion and a later phase of large citrate secretion

  PMID:29346835 · one of two readings recorded this

• Al-induced VuMATE1 expression

  decreases

  While a protein translation inhibitor suppressed Al-induced VuMATE1 expression, it releases VuMATE2 expression

  PMID:29346835 · one of two readings recorded this

• anion efflux in Xenopus oocytes

  increases

  Electrophysiological analysis of Xenopus oocytes expressing VuMATE2 indicated VuMATE2 mediates anion efflux

  PMID:29346835 · one of two readings recorded this

• root citrate secretion and Al resistance in Arabidopsis

  increases

  Ectopic expression of VuMATE2 in Arabidopsis resulted in increased root citrate secretion and Al resistance

  PMID:29346835 · one of two readings recorded this

• VuMATE2 expression

  increases

  While a protein translation inhibitor suppressed Al-induced VuMATE1 expression, it releases VuMATE2 expression

  PMID:29346835 · one of two readings recorded this

• distal intestine mRNA expression of TLRs, NF-kB, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and tight junction proteins, and serum IgM and C4, in juvenile turbot fed soybean meal diet with or without citric acid

  decreases

  Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

  Compared to the SBM, the concentration of IgM and C4 in serum was significantly reduced by dietary citric acid.

  PMID:31176009 · one of two readings recorded this

• gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ) and Claudin-7

  decreases

  citric acid supplementation in SBM markedly depressed gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IFN-γ) and pore-forming tight junction protein Claudin-7

  PMID:31176009 · one of two readings recorded this

• gene expression of TGF-β1 and tight junction proteins (Claudin-3, Claudin-4, Occludin, Tricellulin, ZO-1)

  increases

  enhanced gene expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine TGF-β1 and TJ proteins related to the decrease in paracellular permeability (Claudin-3, Claudin-4, Occludin, Tricellulin and ZO-1)

  PMID:31176009 · one of two readings recorded this

• gene expression of TLRs, MyD88 and TLR related molecules (NF-κB, IRF-3, p38, JNK)

  increases

  Compared to the FM, diet SBM significantly increased the gene expression of TLRs (TLR2, TLR3, TLR5b, TLR9, TLR21, TLR22) and MyD88

  PMID:31176009 · one of two readings recorded this

• gene expression of TLRs, MyD88 and TLR related molecules (NF-κB, IRF-3, p38, JNK)

  decreases

  as well as TLR related molecules (NF-κB, IRF-3, p38 and JNK), which were remarkably reduced by dietary citric acid

  PMID:31176009 · one of two readings recorded this

• serum IgM and C4 concentration

  decreases

  Compared to the SBM, the concentration of IgM and C4 in serum was significantly reduced by dietary citric acid

  PMID:31176009 · one of two readings recorded this

• circulating citrate contribution to kidney TCA cycle, 13C-tracer infusion and renal arteriovenous uptake ranking

  increases, 20% contribution to kidney TCA cycle, fourth largest renal uptake after lactate, uric acid, and glutamine

  Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

  The quantitative contribution of circulating citrate to the kidney TCA cycle was 20%, in the same range as glutamine and lactate.

  PMID:31257152 · one of two readings recorded this

• contribution of circulating citrate to kidney TCA cycle

  increases, 20% contribution to kidney TCA cycle, in the same range as glutamine and lactate

  The quantitative contribution of circulating citrate to the kidney TCA cycle was 20%, in the same range as glutamine and lactate.

  PMID:31257152 · one of two readings recorded this

• contribution of infused 13C-citrate to kidney TCA cycle intermediates

  increases, large contribution to kidney TCA cycle; quantitative contribution of circulating citrate to the kidney TCA cycle was 20%

  The quantitative contribution of circulating citrate to the kidney TCA cycle was 20%, in the same range as glutamine and lactate.

  PMID:31257152 · one of two readings recorded this

• contribution of infused 13C-malate and 13C-succinate to kidney TCA cycle, compared with citrate

  no effect, malate and succinate did not make a comparable contribution in kidney, nor a major contribution in other organs

  Malate and succinate did not make a comparable contribution in kidney, nor did any of these make a major contribution in other organs (Fig. S3D).

  PMID:31257152 · one of two readings recorded this

• malate and succinate contribution to kidney TCA cycle (comparator tracers)

  no effect, did not make a comparable contribution in kidney

  Malate and succinate did not make a comparable contribution in kidney, nor did any of these make a major contribution in other organs (Fig. S3D).

  PMID:31257152 · one of two readings recorded this

• renal arteriovenous uptake of circulating citrate relative to other metabolites

  increases, fourth largest renal uptake after lactate, uric acid, and glutamine

  Indeed, citrate showed the fourth largest renal uptake after lactate, uric acid, and glutamine (Fig. S3B).

  PMID:31257152 · one of two readings recorded this

• renal (kidney) uptake of circulating citrate relative to other circulating metabolites

  increases, citrate is fourth largest renal uptake after lactate, uric acid, and glutamine

  Indeed, citrate showed the fourth largest renal uptake after lactate, uric acid, and glutamine (Fig. S3B).

  PMID:31257152 · one of two readings recorded this

• renal uptake ranking of circulating (endogenous) citrate among TCA intermediates and other circulating metabolites

  increases, fourth largest renal uptake among circulating metabolites, after lactate, uric acid, and glutamine

  Not recorded as a finding: endogenous circulating citrate concentration/uptake comparison, not an administered exposure (no tracer or dose given for this measurement); no outcome node exists for a renal metabolite-uptake ranking

  Indeed, citrate showed the fourth largest renal uptake after lactate, uric acid, and glutamine (Fig. S3B).

  PMID:31257152 · one of two readings recorded this

• basic movements

  increases

  basic movements by 1.0- to 1.5-fold

  PMID:31745774 · one of two readings recorded this

• citric acid content

  increases

  the citric acid content increased by approximately 3-fold in the cadmium (Cd, 5 μM), zinc (Zn, 10 μM), and copper (Cu, 100 μM) treatment groups compared to that in untreated C. elegans

  PMID:31745774 · one of two readings recorded this

• GPx activity

  decreases

  the GPx activity by 4.0- to 3.0-fold

  PMID:31745774 · one of two readings recorded this

• GPx mRNA expression

  decreases

  the mRNA expression levels of GPxs by 3.2- to 1.8-fold after metals treatment

  PMID:31745774 · one of two readings recorded this

• LC50 of metals

  increases

  Excess citric acid also slightly increased the LC50 by 1.3- to 2.0-fold

  PMID:31745774 · one of two readings recorded this

• MDA content

  decreases

  the MDA content by 4- to 2-fold

  PMID:31745774 · one of two readings recorded this

• MDA content

  increases

  The MDA content increased by approximately 7-, 5-, 2-fold after exposure to high concentrations of cadmium, zinc, and copper, respectively

  PMID:31745774 · one of two readings recorded this

• ROS content

  decreases

  decreased the ROS content by 2.4- to 2.1-fold

  PMID:31745774 · one of two readings recorded this

• ROS levels

  increases

  ROS levels increased by 1.3- to 2.1-fold with increasing metal concentrations

  PMID:31745774 · one of two readings recorded this

• SOD activity

  decreases

  the SOD activity by 9- to 3-fold

  PMID:31745774 · one of two readings recorded this

• adhesion strength

  8 fold that of fibrin glue (~15 kPa)

  PMID:31901688 · one of two readings recorded this

• adhesion strength

  increases

  high adhesion strength (up to 125 kPa, 8 fold that of fibrin glue (~15 kPa))

  PMID:31901688 · one of two readings recorded this

• degradation time

  modulates

  tunable degradability (full degradation from <1 week to > 1 month)

  PMID:31901688 · one of two readings recorded this

• in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility, anti-bacterial performance and wound closure

  unclear

  excellent in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility, encouraging anti-bacterial performance, and favorable wound closure efficacy

  PMID:31901688 · one of two readings recorded this

• tensile strength

  increases

  iC-EPE crosslinked by MgO with/without sodium periodate (PI) exhibit enhanced mechanical strengths

  PMID:31901688 · one of two readings recorded this

• tensile strength

  iC-EPE crosslinked only by PI (~0.75 MPa)

  PMID:31901688 · one of two readings recorded this

• adhesive capability of the AP polymer patch to rat cardiac tissue, compared to currently used patch materials

  increases, demonstrates negligible cytotoxicity and improves adhesive capability to rat cardiac tissue compared to currently used patch materials

  Not recorded as a finding: subject_absent

  The selected polymer formulation, referred to as the adhesive patch (AP) polymer, demonstrates negligible cytotoxicity and improves adhesive capability to rat cardiac tissue compared to currently used patch materials.

  PMID:32567253 · one of two readings recorded this

• adhesive capability to rat cardiac tissue and cytotoxicity

  increases, negligible cytotoxicity and improved adhesive capability compared to currently used patch materials

  The selected polymer formulation, referred to as the adhesive patch (AP) polymer, demonstrates negligible cytotoxicity and improves adhesive capability to rat cardiac tissue compared to currently used patch materials.

  PMID:32567253 · one of two readings recorded this

• adhesive capability to rat cardiac tissue

  increases, improves adhesive capability compared to currently used patch materials

  The selected polymer formulation, referred to as the adhesive patch (AP) polymer, demonstrates negligible cytotoxicity and improves adhesive capability to rat cardiac tissue compared to currently used patch materials.

  PMID:32567253 · one of two readings recorded this

• endothelial cell adhesion, migration and proliferation

  increases

  distinct advantages of the CA functionalized nitinol stent over commercial Zilver PTX DES and Zilver Flex BMS stents in terms of endothelial cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation are reported

  PMID:33624931 · one of two readings recorded this

• fed and fasted insulin and insulin secretion during oral glucose tolerance test

  increases

  animals supplemented with citrate in their food displayed fed and fasted hyperinsulinemia and enhanced insulin secretion during an oral glucose tolerance test

  PMID:34371126 · one of two readings recorded this

• glucose and insulin tolerance tests, fed and fasted insulin, in C57BL/6J mice given citrate-supplemented chow for 24 hours

  increases

  Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

  Animals supplemented with dietary citrate showed glucose intolerance and insulin resistance as revealed by glucose and insulin tolerance tests.

  PMID:34371126 · one of two readings recorded this

• glucose-induced insulin secretion

  increases

  Citrate treatment also amplified glucose-induced insulin secretion in vitro in INS1-E cells

  PMID:34371126 · one of two readings recorded this

• glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, glucose and insulin tolerance tests

  increases

  Not recorded as a finding: no outcome node for glucose/insulin tolerance test results; fasting-blood-glucose node requires venous enzymatic assay after overnight fast, not stated

  Animals supplemented with dietary citrate showed glucose intolerance and insulin resistance as revealed by glucose and insulin tolerance tests.

  PMID:34371126 · one of two readings recorded this

• glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity

  decreases

  Animals supplemented with dietary citrate showed glucose intolerance and insulin resistance as revealed by glucose and insulin tolerance tests

  PMID:34371126 · one of two readings recorded this

• hepatic lipogenic gene expression

  increases

  citrate supplementation enhanced the hepatic expression of lipogenic genes suggesting increased de novo lipogenesis, a finding that was reproduced after citrate treatment of hepatic FAO cells

  PMID:34371126 · one of two readings recorded this

• liver inflammation markers

  increases

  liver inflammation markers were higher in citrate supplemented animals

  PMID:34371126 · one of two readings recorded this

• liver PKCα activity

  increases

  Citrate supplemented animals had increased liver PKCα activity and altered phosphorylation at serine or threonine residues of components of insulin signaling including IRS-1, Akt, GSK-3 and FoxO1

  PMID:34371126 · one of two readings recorded this

• acid environment / pH of POPC

  modulates

  The results reveal that the alkaline fragment BHEp effectively corrects the acid environment and improves the biocompatibility, cells affinity and promoted cell adhesion, and proliferation of POPC

  PMID:34797950 · one of two readings recorded this

• adhesion and proliferation of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and osteogenesis-related gene expression

  increases

  the improved pH of POPC15/β-TCP (PTCP15) enhances the adhesion and the proliferation of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and the expression of osteogenesis-related genes

  PMID:34797950 · one of two readings recorded this

• bone regeneration and biocompatibility

  increases

  The rat femoral defect model further demonstrates good biocompatibility and enhanced bone regeneration of PTCP15

  PMID:34797950 · one of two readings recorded this

• inflammatory response and macrophage polarisation

  decreases

  Moreover, PTCP15 scaffolds relieve inflammatory response and switch RAW 264.7 toward a prohealing extreme

  PMID:34797950 · one of two readings recorded this

• antimicrobial activity, percentage inhibition of S. aureus and E. coli growth

  increases, ≈100% and 55% inhibition of S. aureus and E. coli

  Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

  Simultaneously, citrate's bioactive properties result in antimicrobial (≈100% and 55% inhibition of S. aureus and E. coli) and osteopromotive effects.

  PMID:35717669 · one of two readings recorded this

• antimicrobial inhibition of S. aureus and E. coli by the citrate-based polymer/hydroxyapatite putty, percentage inhibition

  increases, ~100% and 55% inhibition of S. aureus and E. coli, respectively

  Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

  Simultaneously, citrate's bioactive properties result in antimicrobial (≈100% and 55% inhibition of S. aureus and E. coli) and osteopromotive effects.

  PMID:35717669 · one of two readings recorded this

• antimicrobial inhibition of S. aureus and E. coli

  increases, ~100% and 55% inhibition of S. aureus and E. coli, respectively

  Simultaneously, citrate's bioactive properties result in antimicrobial (≈100% and 55% inhibition of S. aureus and E. coli) and osteopromotive effects.

  PMID:35717669 · both readings recorded this

• in vivo bone regeneration in a critical-sized rat calvaria defect

  no effect, equivalent to gold standard autograft

  BPLP-Ser/HA putty demonstrates in vivo regeneration in a critical-sized rat calvaria model equivalent to gold standard autograft.

  PMID:35717669 · one of two readings recorded this

• in vivo bone regeneration in a critical-sized rat calvaria model versus autograft

  no effect, regeneration equivalent to gold standard autograft

  Finally, BPLP-Ser/HA putty demonstrates in vivo regeneration in a critical-sized rat calvaria model equivalent to gold standard autograft.

  PMID:35717669 · one of two readings recorded this

• CA production and CA-induced hair growth inhibition, anagen shrink, inflammation and apoptosis

  decreases

  knockdown of CS reduced CA production and reversed CA-induced hair growth inhibition, anagen shrink, inflammation, and apoptosis both in HFs and DPCs

  PMID:35841232 · one of two readings recorded this

• dermal papilla cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle

  decreases

  CA hampered the proliferation rate of DPCs via inducing cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest

  PMID:35841232 · one of two readings recorded this

• hair growth, skin lesion, inflammatory response, apoptosis and catagen entry

  decreases

  subcutaneous injection of CA in mice caused significant hair growth suppression, skin lesion, inflammatory response, cell apoptosis, and promotion of catagen entry, compared with the saline control

  PMID:35841232 · one of two readings recorded this

• hair shaft production and catagen entry

  decreases

  In cultured human HFs, CA attenuated the hair shaft production and accelerated HF catagen entry by regulating the above-mentioned pathways

  PMID:35841232 · one of two readings recorded this

• mouse hair growth suppression and catagen entry after subcutaneous citric acid injection versus saline, by morphology and histopathology

  decreases

  Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

  We found that subcutaneous injection of CA in mice caused significant hair growth suppression, skin lesion, inflammatory response, cell apoptosis, and promotion of catagen entry, compared with the saline control, by activating p-p65 and apoptosis signaling in an NLRP3-dependent manner.

  PMID:35841232 · one of two readings recorded this

• antibacterial inhibition zone (S. aureus, E. coli)

  unclear

  There was no E. coli observed for all the tested films, while different sizes of inhibition zones were noted for S. aureus (in the range between 15 and 20 mm) (Table 2).

  PMID:37537220 · one of two readings recorded this

• film water solubility / crosslinking

  increases

  The neat Ch-film cast from the acetic acid solution disintegrated in water, while the Ch-DES and Ch–DES-A films retained their solid state.

  PMID:37537220 · one of two readings recorded this

• adverse bleeding reaction incidence

  decreases, RR = 0.14 (95% CI 0.06 to 0.32)

  Adverse bleeding reactions were significantly less common in the citrate group compared to the heparin group, with a statistically significant difference (RR = 0.14, 95% CI = 0.06 ~ 0.32, P = .000).

  PMID:37652410 · one of two readings recorded this

• dialysis filter lifespan

  increases, WMD = 6.93 (95% CI 6.30 to 7.55)

  The filter lifespan in the citrate group was significantly longer than in the heparin group, with a statistically significant difference (WMD = 6.93, 95% CI = 6.30 ~ 7.55, P = .000).

  PMID:37652410 · one of two readings recorded this

• renal function improvement, serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, filter lifespan, and adverse bleeding reaction incidence during continuous renal replacement therapy

  increases, WMD = 6.93 (95% CI 6.30 to 7.55) longer filter lifespan with citrate vs heparin, n = 652

  Not recorded as a finding: the comparison was against another active treatment

  The filter lifespan in the citrate group was significantly longer than in the heparin group, with a statistically significant difference (WMD = 6.93, 95% CI = 6.30 ~ 7.55, P = .000).

  PMID:37652410 · one of two readings recorded this

• metallic sensation intensity rating

  decreases, n = 121

  The results revealed that metallic sensation ratings were significantly lower for every binary mixture tested compared to ferrous sulfate presented in isolation.

  PMID:38147162 · one of two readings recorded this

• metallic sensation intensity ratings for ferrous sulfate mixtures on a Labeled Magnitude Scale

  decreases

  Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

  For 0.3 mM ferrous sulfate, sucrose was identified to be the most effective compound in suppressing metallic sensation, followed by citric acid and sodium chloride.

  PMID:38147162 · one of two readings recorded this

• metallic sensation ratings for ferrous sulfate presented alone versus in binary mixture with citric acid

  decreases, n = 121

  Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

  The results revealed that metallic sensation ratings were significantly lower for every binary mixture tested compared to ferrous sulfate presented in isolation.

  PMID:38147162 · one of two readings recorded this

• perceived intensity of metallic taste sensation from ferrous sulfate, rated by participants in binary mixtures with citric acid, sucrose, or sodium chloride

  decreases, metallic sensation ratings significantly lower for citric acid mixtures than ferrous sulfate alone, n = 121

  Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

  The results revealed that metallic sensation ratings were significantly lower for every binary mixture tested compared to ferrous sulfate presented in isolation.

  PMID:38147162 · one of two readings recorded this

• body weight

  increases

  Compared to the control group (0 g/L), the body weights of the mice in both groups with concentration levels of 0.05 g/L and 0.1 g/L increased.

  PMID:38279237 · one of two readings recorded this

• cecal Bifidobacterium abundance, RT-qPCR copy number

  increases

  Not recorded as a finding: no CAT:outcome node exists for gut microbial genus abundance

  In comparison to the control group (0 g/L), the concentration of Bifidobacteria in the group with a 0.1 g/L concentration exhibited a remarkably significant increase.

  PMID:38279237 · one of two readings recorded this

• cecal Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus abundance

  increases

  In comparison to the control group (0 g/L), the concentration of Bifidobacteria in the group with a 0.1 g/L concentration exhibited a remarkably significant increase.

  PMID:38279237 · one of two readings recorded this

• cecal Escherichia coli abundance, RT-qPCR copy number

  no effect

  Not recorded as a finding: no CAT:outcome node exists for gut microbial genus abundance

  The analysis of the Escherichia coli revealed no significant difference in the number of bacteria within the various groups.

  PMID:38279237 · one of two readings recorded this

• H9N2 avian influenza-induced inflammatory cytokine expression (TNF-α, IL-6) and viral replication in IEC-6 cells

  decreases

  Figure 7A–C shows a significant decrease in the expression of the intracellular tight junction gene claudin-1 upon infection with H9N2 AIV.

  PMID:38279237 · one of two readings recorded this

• intestinal tight junction gene expression (occludin, ZO-1, claudin-1 mRNA)

  increases

  Not recorded as a finding: no CAT:outcome node exists for tight junction gene expression

  Figure 3A–D shows that in the intestinal tissues of mice, the mRNA expression of occludin, ZO-1, and claudin-1 was significantly or highly significantly increased in the 0.05 and 0.1 g/L concentration groups compared with the control group (0 g/L).

  PMID:38279237 · one of two readings recorded this

• intestinal tight junction gene expression (occludin, ZO-1, claudin-1)

  increases

  Figure 3A–D shows that in the intestinal tissues of mice, the mRNA expression of occludin, ZO-1, and claudin-1 was significantly or highly significantly increased in the 0.05 and 0.1 g/L concentration groups compared with the control group (0 g/L).

  PMID:38279237 · one of two readings recorded this

• small intestinal villus-crypt ratio, intestinal microbiota composition, tight-junction gene expression, and influenza virus replication in mice and IEC-6 cells

  increases

  Not recorded as a finding: this platform holds no node for the endpoint

  Citric acid enhances the small intestinal villus-crypt ratio in mice, thereby promoting intestinal structural morphology.

  PMID:38279237 · one of two readings recorded this

• small intestinal villus-to-crypt ratio

  increases

  Not recorded as a finding: no CAT:outcome node exists for intestinal villus-crypt ratio

  Table 1 demonstrates the data on the crypt ratio of the intestinal villi, indicating a significant increase in all experimental groups compared to the control group (0 g/L).

  PMID:38279237 · one of two readings recorded this

The whole record — 224 rows