a 3-acylpyruvate

Three steps

• gamma-Glu-AlaReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, AGXT2, GGT1, GGT5 and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosol

• acetoacetyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. transport of acetoacetate and pyruvate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. acetoacetate + ATP + CoA = acetoacetyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate

  Catalysed by FAHD1, AACSmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• glycineReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by FAHD1, AGXT2, AGXTmitochondrial matrixOne of 14 routes

• (S)-malyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (S)-malate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH
  3. (S)-malate + ATP + CoA = (S)-malyl-CoA + ADP + phosphate

  Catalysed by FAHD1, ME2, SUCLG1, SUCLA2

• (R)-methylmalonyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. aldehyde dehydrogenase (2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, AGXT2, ALDH6A1mitochondrial matrix

• butanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Butanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 9 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• propanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate + pyruvate = 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine
  3. 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate + NAD(+) + CoA + H2O = propanoyl-CoA + hydrogencarbonate + NADH + H(+)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, AGXT2, ALDH6A1

• prostaglandin E1Reach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  3. prostaglandin E1(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = prostaglandin E1(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, LDHA, LDHB, LDHC and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• prostaglandin F2alphaReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  3. prostaglandin F2alpha(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = prostaglandin F2alpha(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, LDHA, LDHB, LDHC and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• prostaglandin H2Reach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  3. prostaglandin H2(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = prostaglandin H2(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, LDHA, LDHB, LDHC and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• prostaglandin D2Reach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  3. prostaglandin D2(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = prostaglandin D2(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, LDHA, LDHB, LDHC and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• D-alanineReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. D-alanine(out) + L-alanine(in) = D-alanine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, AGXT2, SLC7A10mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphateReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + H2O = D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + acetate

  Catalysed by FAHD1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• orotidine 5'-phosphateReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. orotate(out) + a carboxylate(in) = orotate(in) + a carboxylate(out)
  3. orotidine 5'-phosphate + diphosphate = orotate + 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate

  Catalysed by FAHD1, SLC22A13, UMPSinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• D-threonineReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. D-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = D-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, AGXT2, SLC7A10mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminateReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
  3. CTP:N-acetylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase

  Catalysed by FAHD1, NPL, CMAScytosol, nucleusOne of 2 routes

• L-tryptophanReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. transport of alanine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, AGXT2, SLC7A5mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• L-threonineReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, AGXT2, SLC7A10mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 5 routes

• L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. L-kynurenine + H2O = anthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, AGXT2, KYNUmitochondrial matrix

• beta-alanineReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. beta-alanine(out) + L-alanine(in) = beta-alanine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, AGXT2, SLC7A10mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 2-hydroxy-3-oxopropanoateReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. L-Serine:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. hydroxypyruvate aldose-ketose-isomerase

  Catalysed by FAHD1, AGXT, HYIcytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-asparagineReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. transport of alanine and asparagine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, AGXT2, SLC7A5mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 9 routes

• L-phenylalanineReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, AGXT2, SLC7A5mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 12 routes

• 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + H2O = 3-hydroxyanthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, AGXT2, KYNUmitochondrial matrix

• L-homocysteineReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, TYW1B, TYW1, BHMT2

• S-methyl-L-methionineReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, TYW1B, TYW1, BHMT2

• N-acetylputrescineReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate

  Catalysed by FAHD1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• (2R)-2-phosphoglycerateReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  3. 2-phospho-D-glycerate hydro-lyase (phosphoenolpyruvate-forming)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, PKM, PKLR, ENO1 and 2 morecytosol

• N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginineReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by FAHD1, AGXT2mitochondrial matrixOne of 7 routes

• trans-4-hydroxy-L-prolineReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline(out) + L-alanine(in) + Na(+)(out) = trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline(in) + L-alanine(out) + Na(+)(in)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, AGXT2, SLC1A4mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• kynurenateReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate + [thioredoxin]-dithiol = [thioredoxin]-disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + pyruvate + H(+)
  3. 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate + L-kynurenine = kynurenate + L-cysteine + H2O

  Catalysed by FAHD1, MPST, AADATOne of 2 routes

• N(8)-acetylspermidineReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate

  Catalysed by FAHD1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• (S)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoateReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. L-3-amino-isobutanoate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by FAHD1, AGXT2, ABATmitochondrial matrix

• phosphoenolpyruvateReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. Pyruvate:carbon-dioxide ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. oxaloacetate + GTP = phosphoenolpyruvate + GDP + CO2

  Catalysed by FAHD1, PC, PCK1, PCK2mitochondrial matrix

• an N-acetyl-L-cysteine-S-conjugateReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. an N-acetyl-L-cysteine-S-conjugate + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + acetate

  Catalysed by FAHD1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• L-methionine (S)-S-oxideReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O
  3. [thioredoxin]-disulfide + L-methionine + H2O = L-methionine (S)-S-oxide + [thioredoxin]-dithiol

  Catalysed by FAHD1, TYW1B, TYW1, MSRA

• L-methionine (R)-S-oxideReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O
  3. [thioredoxin]-disulfide + L-methionine + H2O = L-methionine (R)-S-oxide + [thioredoxin]-dithiol

  Catalysed by FAHD1, TYW1B, TYW1, MSRB3 and 2 more

• an L-alpha-amino acidReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. an N-acyl-L-amino acid + H2O = an L-alpha-amino acid + a carboxylate
  3. an N-acyl-L-amino acid + H2O = an L-alpha-amino acid + a carboxylate

  Catalysed by FAHD1, ACY1, PM20D1

• (2S)-2-phospholactateReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  3. (2S)-2-phospholactate + H2O = (S)-lactate + phosphate

  Catalysed by FAHD1, LDHA, LDHB, LDHC and 3 moreOne of 2 routes

• L-prolineReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. L-proline(out) + L-alanine(in) + Na(+)(out) = L-proline(in) + L-alanine(out) + Na(+)(in)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, AGXT2, SLC1A4mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• prostaglandin E2Reach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  3. prostaglandin E2(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = prostaglandin E2(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, LDHA, LDHB, LDHC and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• L-cysteinylglycineReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, AGXT2, GGTLC3, GGT1 and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• dTMPReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  3. DTDP Diphosphohydrolase

  Catalysed by FAHD1, PKM, PKLR, ENTPD3 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 5 routes

• Mo-molybdopterinReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by FAHD1, AGXT2, MOCOSmitochondrial matrix

• (2S)-2-aminobutanoateReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. 2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + pyruvate

  Catalysed by FAHD1, AGXT2mitochondrial matrixOne of 6 routes

• 2-iminobutanoateReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. 2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + pyruvate
  3. 2-iminobutanoate + H2O = 2-oxobutanoate + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, AGXT2, RIDA

• 2-aminoprop-2-enoateReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. D-serine = pyruvate + NH4(+)
  3. D-serine = 2-aminoprop-2-enoate + H2O

  Catalysed by FAHD1, SRR

• an aromatic L-alpha-amino acidReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. an N-acyl-aromatic L-alpha-amino acid + H2O = an aromatic L-alpha-amino acid + a carboxylate
  3. an N-acyl-aromatic L-alpha-amino acid + H2O = an aromatic L-alpha-amino acid + a carboxylate

  Catalysed by FAHD1, PM20D1, ACY3

• thromboxane B2Reach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  3. thromboxane B2(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = thromboxane B2(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, LDHA, LDHB, LDHC and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• thiamine(1+) diphosphateReach from here →
  1. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. pyruvate:thiamin diphosphate acetaldehydetransferase (decarboxylating)
  3. 2-(alpha-hydroxyethyl)thiamine-diphosphate[m] + lipoamide[m] = S-acetyldihydrolipoamide[m] + thiamin-PP[m]

  Catalysed by FAHD1, PDHA1, PDHB, PDHA2 and 1 moremitochondrial matrix