chlorine(.)

Three steps

• oxaloacetateReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. ATP citrate lyase (citrate)

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, BAAT, ACLYextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 20 routes

• selaneReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)
  3. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SCLYextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithineReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine
  3. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, GATM, ACY1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• anthranilateReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. Transport of L-Kynurenine
  3. L-kynurenine + H2O = anthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC7A8, KYNUextracellular space, cytosol

• D-alanyl-D-alanineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of D-alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Formation of Alanylalanine

  Catalysed by SLC6A9, SLC6A14, SLC3A2, SLC7A10extracellular space, cytosol

• pregnenoloneReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Steryl-Sulfatase
  3. Pregnenolone-sulfate sulfohydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, STSextracellular space, cytosol, Golgi apparatusOne of 4 routes

• (S)-lactateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of formate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7 and 7 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:16668Reach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Cysteine:oxygen oxidoreductase
  3. 3-sulfino-L-alanine carboxy-lyase

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, CDO1, GAD1, CSADextracellular space, cytosol

• 3'-deoxy-3',4'-didehydro-CTPReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  3. CTP + AH2 + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 3'-deoxy-3',4'-didehydro-CTP + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, MTO1, RSAD2extracellular space, cytosol

• taurochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. 3alpha,7alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholanoyl-CoA:taurine N-choloyltransferase
  3. taurochenodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = taurochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, BAAT, SULT2A1extracellular space, cytosol, peroxisome

• cyanamideReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Arginine amidinohydrolase
  3. urea = cyanamide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, ARG1, CA1, CA2extracellular space, cytosol

• pyridoxineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)
  3. pyridoxine-5'-phosphate phosphohydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SCLY, PHOSPHO2, PDXPextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 4-hydroxybutanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of 4-aminobutyrate and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. 4-aminobutanoate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  3. Formation of 4-Hydroxy-Butyrate

  Catalysed by SLC6A12, ABATextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• (S)-2-hydroxyglutarateReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (S)-2-hydroxyglutarate + A = 2-oxoglutarate + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, MTO1, L2HGDHextracellular space, cytosol

• enol-phenylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. Phenylalanine Transaminase, Mitochondrial
  3. 3-phenylpyruvate = enol-phenylpyruvate

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, GOT2, TAT, MIFextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• formaldehydeReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:glycine N-methyltransferase
  3. sarcosine:oxygen oxidoreductase (demethylating)

  Catalysed by SLC6A9, SLC6A14, GNMT, PIPOX and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 7 routes

• 3-fumarylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of formate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 3-fumarylpyruvate + H2O = fumarate + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• pantetheine 4'-phosphateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-4'-phosphopantothenate:L-cysteine ligase
  3. N-[(R)-4'-Phosphopantothenoyl]-L-cysteine carboxy-lyase

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, PPCS, PPCDCextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• trans-1,2-dithiane-4,5-diolReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)
  3. selenocysteine lyase (dithiothreitol)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SCLYextracellular space, cytosol

• ferrocytochrome cReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of formate and L-lactate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (S)-Lactate:ferricytochrome-c 2-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• N-acetyl-L-aspartateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC1A7, SLC1A3 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• bilirubin IXalphaReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of bilirubin and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC6A9, SLC6A14, GSS, SLCO1A2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 2-aminoacrylic acidReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Tyrosine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. thyroid peroxidase (iodine)
  3. thyroid peroxidase (3,5-diiodo-L-tyrosine)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, TPOextracellular space, cytosol

• 3-hydroxypyruvateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of formate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-serine + pyruvate = 3-hydroxypyruvate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:17208Reach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. glutathione:dehydroascorbate oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC6A9, SLC6A14, GSSextracellular space, cytosol

• (S)-4-hydroxymandelateReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Tyrosine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. L-tyrosine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  3. 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + O2 = (S)-4-hydroxymandelate + CO2

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, GOT2, GOT1, TAT and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• homocysteineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. Formation of Homocystine

  Catalysed by SLC6A9, SLC6A14, GSSextracellular space, cytosol

• L-glutamic 5-semialdehydeReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine
  3. L-Ornithine:2-oxo-acid aminotransferase

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, GATM, OATextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• itaconateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and oxalate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mitochondrial Carrier (Mc) Tcdb:2.A.29.7.2
  3. cis-aconitate carboxy-lyase

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC25A1, ACOD1extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 17alpha-hydroxyprogesteroneReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of acetate and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. cytochrome P450 (17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• estroneReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. estrone 3-sulfate + H2O = estrone + sulfate + H(+)
  3. Estrone 3-sulfate sulfohydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, STSextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• propanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate + H2O = 3beta-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one + sulfate + H(+)
  3. propanoate(out) + dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate(in) = propanoate(in) + dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate(out)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, STS, SLC22A9extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• anilineReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. Acetyl-CoA:arylamine N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, BAAT, NAT2, NAT1extracellular space, cytosol, peroxisome

• aceneuramateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of formate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. aceneuramate = aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine + pyruvate

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:17312Reach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. N1,N12-diacetylspermine to N1-acetylspermine conversion

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, BAATextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• 5'-deoxyadenosineReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  3. N(6)-dimethylallyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-SH + AH2 + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-methylsulfanyl-N(6)-dimethylallyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-H + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, MTO1, CDK5RAP1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• all-trans-retinolReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, MOCOS, RETSATextracellular space, cytosol

• enol-oxaloacetateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. (S)-malate + a quinone = enol-oxaloacetate + a quinol

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC25A10, SDHB, SDHAextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• S-methyl-5'-thioadenosineReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Putrescine Export via Putrescine/Arginine Antiporter
  3. S-adenosylmethioninamine:putrescine 3-aminopropyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC3A2, SLC7A7, SRMextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• hexadecanalReach from here →
  1. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  2. Utilized Transport
  3. 2 H+[c] + NADH[c] + palmitate[c] = H2O[c] + hexadecanal[c] + NAD+[c]

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, ALDH3B1, ALDH3B2, ALDH3A2extracellular space, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

• nitrateReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Arginine, NADPH:Oxygen Oxidoreductase (Nitric-Oxide-Forming)
  3. Fe(II)-heme b-[protein] + nitric oxide + O2 = Fe(III)-heme b-[protein] + nitrate

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, NOS3, NOS1, NOS2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. thyroxine 5'-deiodinase (3,3-diiodo-L-thyronine)
  3. aryl sulfotransferase (PAPS)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, DIO1, DIO3, DIO2 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-thyroxine sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and iodide (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine,iodide:acceptor oxidoreductase (iodinating)
  3. L-thyroxine + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = L-thyroxine sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, DIO1, DIO2, SULT1A3 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine sulfateReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  3. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine sulfate + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine sulfate + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, MTO1, DIO1extracellular space, cytosol

• 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  3. 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, MTO1, DIO1, DIO3extracellular space, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• N-acetylserotoninReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A4, AANATextracellular space, cytosol

• (7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:3->C16:3), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, BAAT, HADHA, ACADVL and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisome, mitochondrial matrix

• 4-methylumbelliferyl acetateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of acetate and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 4-methylumbelliferyl acetate + H2O = 4-methylumbelliferone + acetate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A1 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:17769Reach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Putrescine Export via Putrescine/Arginine Antiporter
  3. Putrescine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC3A2, SLC7A7, AOC2 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• urateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. urate(out) + glutathione(in) = urate(in) + glutathione(out)

  Catalysed by SLC6A9, SLC6A14, GSS, SLC22A13extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 7 routes