L-tyrosine

Three steps

• N-tetradecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycineReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + 2-oxoglutarate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + L-glutamate
  2. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  3. N-tetradecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = tetradecamide + glyoxylate

  Catalysed by TAT, AADAT, PAMOne of 2 routes

• N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-(2S)-hydroxyglycineReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + 2-oxoglutarate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + L-glutamate
  2. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  3. N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = (9Z)-octadecenamide + glyoxylate

  Catalysed by TAT, AADAT, PAMOne of 2 routes

• N-(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycineReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + 2-oxoglutarate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + L-glutamate
  2. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  3. N-(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienamide + glyoxylate

  Catalysed by TAT, AADAT, PAM

• D-histidineReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. transport of ornithine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. D-histidine(in) + L-ornithine(out) + H(+)(in) = D-histidine(out) + L-ornithine(in) + H(+)(out)

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC7A6, SLC25A2extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• L-homoarginineReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. transport of arginine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-homoarginine(in) + L-arginine(out) = L-homoarginine(out) + L-arginine(in)

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC7A6, SLC25A29extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• L-homocarnosineReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. transport of histidine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Formation of homocarnosine

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC7A6, CARNS1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• indoxyl sulfateReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)
  3. indoxyl sulfate(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = indoxyl sulfate(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC22A6, SLC22A8inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 2,3-didehydrophenylalanineReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. glycyldehydrophenylalanine + H2O = 2,3-didehydrophenylalanine + glycine
  3. glycyldehydrophenylalanine + H2O = 2,3-didehydrophenylalanine + glycine

  Catalysed by AADAT, DPEP1

• S-adenosylglutathioneReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. apo-[alkylcobalamin reductase] + adenosylcob(III)alamin + glutathione = S-adenosylglutathione + cob(I)alamin-[alkylcobalamin reductase] + H(+)

  Catalysed by AADAT, GSS, MMACHC

• N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamideReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. 5-phospho-beta-D-ribosylamine + glycine + ATP = N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + (6R)-10-formyltetrahydrofolate = N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + H(+)

  Catalysed by AADAT, GART

• 2-formamido-N(1)-(5-O-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)acetamidineReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. transport of glutamine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + L-glutamine + ATP + H2O = 2-formamido-N(1)-(5-O-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)acetamidine + L-glutamate + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC7A5, PFASextracellular space, cytosol

• kinetensin-(1-8)Reach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. Chymase
  3. kinetensin + H2O = kinetensin-(1-8) + L-leucine

  Catalysed by PAH, CMA1, ACE2extracellular space

• (7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase ((7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAAT, CPT1A, CPT1C and 1 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• acetaldehydeReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. transport of phenylalanine and threonine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-threonine acetaldehyde-lyase (glycine-forming)

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:15345Reach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Acetoacetate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAAT, AACSperoxisome, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• cholineReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC6A14, SLC5A7extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• acetylcholineReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of acetylcholine and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AADAT, GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• pyruvateReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + 2-oxoglutarate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + L-glutamate
  2. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  3. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate

  Catalysed by TAT, AADAT, AGXT, AGXT2One of 25 routes

• CHEBI:15380Reach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. 5-aminolevulinate synthase (2-amino-3-oxoadipate)

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAAT, ALAS1, CPNE7peroxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 8 routes

• CHEBI:15477Reach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. glycine N-acyltransferase (2-methylbutyryl-CoA)

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2 and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 2-methylcrotonoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Production of Tiglylcarnitine

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAAT, CPT1A, CPT1Bperoxisome, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• isobutyryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxo-4-methyl-pentanoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAAT, HADHA, ACAA2 and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 3-methylbut-2-enoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. glycine-N-acyltransferase (3-methylcrotonoylglycine)

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAAT, GLYATperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix

• isovaleryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. glycine N-acyltransferase (isovalerylglycine)

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2 and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• arachidonoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Arachidonate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 11 routes

• CHEBI:15519Reach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. propanoyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAAT, ACAA1, SCP2 and 1 moreperoxisomeOne of 2 routes

• palmitoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Palmitate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 11 routes

• oleoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Transport of octadecenoyl-CoA into Mitochondrial Matrix

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAAT, CPT1A, CPT1C and 1 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 11 routes

• phenylacetyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Phenylacetate:CoA ligase

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAATperoxisome, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• propionyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Propanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAAT, ACSS3, ACSS2 and 1 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 43 routes

• (S)-malateReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + 2-oxoglutarate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + L-glutamate
  2. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  3. glyoxylate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (S)-malate + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by TAT, AADAT, CLYBLOne of 11 routes

• (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolateReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + glycine + H2O = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + L-serine
  3. (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + glycine + H2O = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + L-serine

  Catalysed by AADAT, SHMT1, SHMT2One of 2 routes

• 10-formyltetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase
  3. Formate:tetrahydrofolate ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by AADAT, SHMT1, MTHFD1cytosolOne of 3 routes

• 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase
  3. histamine N-methyltransferase (SAM)

  Catalysed by AADAT, SHMT1, HNMTcytosol

• CHEBI:15650Reach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. N-acetyl-LTE4 to leukotriene E4 conversion

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAAT, ZDHHC11B, NAA10 and 30 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• trimethylenediamineReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. transport of lysine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. deoxyhypusine synthase (1,3-diaminopropane)

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC7A6, DHPSextracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:15727Reach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. transport of histidine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-histidine:beta-alanine ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC7A6, CARNS1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:15746Reach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermine)

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAAT, SAT1, SAT2peroxisome, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• malonateReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-tyrosine(in) + L-aspartate(out)
  2. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  3. malonate(in) + sulfate(out) = malonate(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC7A13, SLC25A14, SLC25A30, SLC25A10inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• bromideReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. 2-bromoacetaldehyde:glutathione S-(formylmethyl)transferase

  Catalysed by AADAT, GSS, MGST3, GSTA4 and 15 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphateReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. transport of glutamine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-glutamine:D-fructose-6-phosphate isomerase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC7A5, GFPT2, GFPT1extracellular space, cytosol

• N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylamineReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-tyrosine(in) + L-aspartate(out)
  2. N(4)-(beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-L-asparagine + H2O = N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylamine + L-aspartate + H(+)
  3. N(4)-(beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-L-asparagine + H2O = N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylamine + L-aspartate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A13, AGAinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• thioredoxin dithiolReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. L-Phenylalanine:tRNA(Ala) ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. glycyl-tRNA(gly) phosphorylation

  Catalysed by PAH, FARSB, FARSAcytosolOne of 6 routes

• a halide anionReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. RX + glutathione = an S-substituted glutathione + a halide anion + H(+)

  Catalysed by AADAT, GSS, GSTT4, GSTA4 and 21 more

• ureaReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. transport of arginine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Arginine amidinohydrolase

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC7A6, ARG1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• 11-cis-retinolReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAAT, DGAT1, LRAT and 3 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• (R)-3-aminoisobutyric acidReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC7A5, AGXT2extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• lithocholic acidReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of GSH and lithocholate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AADAT, GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• iodideReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. transport of phenylalanine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. thyroid peroxidase (iodine)

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC7A5, TPOextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• 2-phenylacetaldehydeReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. L-phenylalanine carboxy-lyase (phenylethylamine-forming)
  3. Phenethylamine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by PAH, DDC, AOC2, AOC1 and 3 morecytosolOne of 2 routes