L-glutamine

Two steps

• N-dodecanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. transport of glutamine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. dodecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-dodecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GLYATL2extracellular space, cytosol

• N-decanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. transport of glutamine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. decanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-decanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GLYATL2extracellular space, cytosol

• N-octanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. transport of glutamine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. octanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-octanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GLYATL2extracellular space, cytosol

• D-histidineReach from here →
  1. transport of glutamine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. D-histidine(in) + L-ornithine(out) + H(+)(in) = D-histidine(out) + L-ornithine(in) + H(+)(out)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, SLC25A2extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• L-homoarginineReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-homoarginine(in) + L-arginine(out) = L-homoarginine(out) + L-arginine(in)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, SLC25A29extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• L-homocarnosineReach from here →
  1. transport of glutamine and histidine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Formation of homocarnosine

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, CARNS1extracellular space, cytosol

• N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamideReach from here →
  1. phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase (glutamine)
  2. 5-phospho-beta-D-ribosylamine + glycine + ATP = N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by PPAT, GARTcytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-cystine-bis-glycineReach from here →
  1. transport of glutamine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, DPEP1, DPEP2extracellular space, cytosol

• 2-amino-2-deoxy-6-phospho-D-glucono-1,5-lactoneReach from here →
  1. D-fructose 6-phosphate + L-glutamine = D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + L-glutamate
  2. D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + NADP(+) = 2-amino-2-deoxy-6-phospho-D-glucono-1,5-lactone + NADPH + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by GFPT2, GFPT1, H6PD

• glycyldehydrophenylalanineReach from here →
  1. transport of glutamine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycyldehydrophenylalanine + H2O = 2,3-didehydrophenylalanine + glycine

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, DPEP1extracellular space, cytosol

• kinetensinReach from here →
  1. transport of glutamine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Chymase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, CMA1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• an N-(fatty acyl)-glycineReach from here →
  1. transport of glutamine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. a fatty acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-(fatty acyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GLYATL2extracellular space, cytosol

• N-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-glycineReach from here →
  1. transport of glutamine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoA + glycine = N-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GLYATL2extracellular space, cytosol

• (7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  2. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase ((7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1BcytosolOne of 3 routes

• acetaldehydeReach from here →
  1. transport of glutamine and threonine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-threonine acetaldehyde-lyase (glycine-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15345Reach from here →
  1. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  2. Acetoacetate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AACScytosolOne of 2 routes

• cholineReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Glutamine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC5A7extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• pyruvateReach from here →
  1. L-Glutamine:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by KYAT1, AGXT2cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 18 routes

• 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterinReach from here →
  1. transport of glutamine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-tryptophan,tetrahydrobiopterin:oxygen oxidoreductase(5-hydroxylating)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, TPH1, TPH2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:15380Reach from here →
  1. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  2. 5-aminolevulinate synthase (2-amino-3-oxoadipate)

  Catalysed by ALAS1, CPNE7cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 8 routes

• CHEBI:15477Reach from here →
  1. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (2-methylbutyryl-CoA)

  Catalysed by GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 2-methylcrotonoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  2. Production of Tiglylcarnitine

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1BcytosolOne of 2 routes

• isobutyryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  2. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxo-4-methyl-pentanoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by HADHA, ACAA2, HADHBcytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 3-methylbut-2-enoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  2. glycine-N-acyltransferase (3-methylcrotonoylglycine)

  Catalysed by GLYATcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• isovaleryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (isovalerylglycine)

  Catalysed by GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• arachidonoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  2. Arachidonate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 11 routes

• CHEBI:15519Reach from here →
  1. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  2. propanoyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by ACAA1, SCP2, MYO5Bcytosol, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• palmitoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  2. Palmitate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 morecytosolOne of 11 routes

• oleoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  2. Transport of octadecenoyl-CoA into Mitochondrial Matrix

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1BcytosolOne of 11 routes

• phenylacetyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  2. Phenylacetate:CoA ligase

  No catalyst recordedcytosolOne of 3 routes

• propionyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  2. Propanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by ACSS3, ACSS2, ACSS1cytosolOne of 43 routes

• CHEBI:15611Reach from here →
  1. transport of glutamine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:glycine N-methyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GNMTextracellular space, cytosol

• (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterinReach from here →
  1. transport of glutamine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tryptophan + O2 = 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, TPH1, TPH2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15650Reach from here →
  1. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  2. N-acetyl-LTE4 to leukotriene E4 conversion

  Catalysed by ZDHHC11B, NAA10, ESCO2, ESCO1 and 28 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• trimethylenediamineReach from here →
  1. transport of glutamine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. deoxyhypusine synthase (1,3-diaminopropane)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, DHPSextracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:15727Reach from here →
  1. transport of glutamine and histidine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-histidine:beta-alanine ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, CARNS1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15746Reach from here →
  1. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermine)

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15765Reach from here →
  1. transport of glutamine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Tyrosine,tetrahydrobiopterin:oxygen oxidoreductase (3-hydroxylating)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, THextracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• N-carbamoyl-L-aspartic acidReach from here →
  1. HCO3-:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming, carbamate-phosphorylating)
  2. carbamoyl-phosphate:L-aspartate carbamoyltransferase

  Catalysed by CADcytosolOne of 2 routes

• keto-D-fructose 6-phosphateReach from here →
  1. L-glutamine:D-fructose-6-phosphate isomerase (deaminating)
  2. D-glucosamine-6-phosphate aminohydrolase (ketol isomerizing)

  Catalysed by GFPT2, GFPT1, GNPDA1, GNPDA2cytosol

• thioredoxin dithiolReach from here →
  1. L-Glutamine:tRNA(Gln) ligase (AMP-forming)
  2. glycyl-tRNA(gly) phosphorylation

  Catalysed by QARS1cytosolOne of 2 routes

• sulfateReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Glutamine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC26A6extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• ureaReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Arginine amidinohydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, ARG1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• L-cystineReach from here →
  1. L-Glutamine:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. Transport of L-Cystine (L-Alanine antiport) by B0, +At Transporter

  Catalysed by KYAT1, SLC7A9, SLC3A1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 9 routes

• 11-cis-retinolReach from here →
  1. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  2. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 1 morecytosol

• (R)-3-aminoisobutyric acidReach from here →
  1. L-Glutamine:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by KYAT1, AGXT2cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• iodideReach from here →
  1. transport of glutamine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. thyroid peroxidase (iodine)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, TPOextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• oxaloacetateReach from here →
  1. Phenylacetyl-CoA:L-glutamine alpha-N-phenylacetyltransferase
  2. ATP citrate lyase (citrate)

  Catalysed by ACLYcytosolOne of 6 routes

• nitric oxideReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Arginine, NADPH:Oxygen Oxidoreductase (Nitric-Oxide-Forming)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, NOS3, NOS1, NOS2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithineReach from here →
  1. transport of glutamine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, ACY1extracellular space, cytosol