AH2

Three steps

• pyridoxineReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)
  3. pyridoxine-5'-phosphate phosphohydrolase

  Catalysed by SCLY, PHOSPHO2, PDXPcytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-[(S)-lactoyl]-L-phenylalanineReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (S)-lactate + L-phenylalanine = N-[(S)-lactoyl]-L-phenylalanine + H2O

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC7A5, CNDP2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 2-oxobutanoateReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. 2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + pyruvate

  Catalysed by SCLY, AGXT2mitochondrial matrixOne of 7 routes

• tryptamineReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-tryptophan decarboxy-lyase

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC7A5, DDCextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-oxoglutaramateReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. L-Glutamine:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by SCLY, AGXT2, KYAT1mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• 3-fumarylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. 3-fumarylpyruvate + H2O = fumarate + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SCLY, AGXT2, FAHD1mitochondrial matrix

• glyoxylic acidReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. glycine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by SCLY, AGXT, AGXT2, DAOmitochondrial matrix, peroxisome

• trans-1,2-dithiane-4,5-diolReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)
  3. selenocysteine lyase (dithiothreitol)

  Catalysed by SCLYcytosol

• N-acetyl-L-aspartateReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate
  3. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by SCLY, AGXT2, NAT8Lmitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• bilirubin IXalphaReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2
  2. transport of GSH and triiodothyronine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of bilirubin and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO2, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• oxalic acidReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of chloride and oxalate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC6A14, SLC26A6extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acidReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. transport of (R)-3-hydroxybutanoate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SCLY, AGXT2, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• taurolithocholateReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2
  2. transport of GSH and triiodothyronine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of GSH and taurolithocholate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO2, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 3-hydroxypyruvateReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. L-serine + pyruvate = 3-hydroxypyruvate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by SCLY, AGXT2, AGXTmitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:17208Reach from here →
  1. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2
  2. transport of GSH and triiodothyronine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. glutathione:dehydroascorbate oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO2, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3extracellular space, cytosol

• homocysteineReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2
  2. transport of GSH and triiodothyronine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Formation of Homocystine

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO2, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3extracellular space, cytosol

• L-glutamic 5-semialdehydeReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Ornithine:2-oxo-acid aminotransferase

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC7A6, OATextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• anilineReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. Acetyl-CoA:arylamine N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by SCLY, NAT2, NAT1mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• aceneuramateReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. aceneuramate = aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine + pyruvate

  Catalysed by SCLY, AGXT2, NPLmitochondrial matrix

• CHEBI:17312Reach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. N1,N12-diacetylspermine to N1-acetylspermine conversion

  Catalysed by SCLYmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• sulfiteReach from here →
  1. 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine sulfate + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine sulfate + AH2
  2. Steryl-Sulfatase
  3. sulfite(in) + sulfate(out) = sulfite(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by DIO1, STS, SLC25A14, SLC25A30Golgi apparatus, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:17380Reach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Transport of 3-Hydroxy-L-Kynurenine

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylateReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-proline:(acceptor) oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC7A5, PRODH2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• agmatineReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-arginine carboxy-lyase (agmatine-forming)

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 7alpha-hydroxycholesterolReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + AH2 + O2 = 25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O
  2. Cholest-5-Ene-3Beta, 7Alpha-Diol:NAD+ 3-Oxidoreductase Bile Acid Biosynthesis
  3. Steroid Delta-Isomerase

  Catalysed by CH25H, HSD3B7endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol

• 1-O-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(1+)Reach from here →
  1. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  2. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  3. Lecithin Retinol Acyltransferase

  Catalysed by AIFM1, PYROXD1, RETSAT, LRATcytosol

• 5-aminolevulinic acidReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. succinyl-CoA:glycine C-succinyltransferase (decarboxylating)

  Catalysed by SCLY, AGXT, AGXT2, ALAS1 and 2 moremitochondrial matrix

• all-trans-retinyl hexadecanoateReach from here →
  1. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  2. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  3. all-trans-retinol + hexadecanoyl-CoA = all-trans-retinyl hexadecanoate + CoA

  Catalysed by AIFM1, PYROXD1, RETSAT, DGAT1 and 4 moreOne of 2 routes

• indole-3-pyruvateReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-tryptophan + O2 + H2O = indole-3-pyruvate + H2O2 + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC7A5, IL4I1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-thyroxine sulfateReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2
  2. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine,iodide:acceptor oxidoreductase (iodinating)
  3. L-thyroxine + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = L-thyroxine sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO3, DIO2, SULT1A3 and 2 morecytosol

• (7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:3->C16:3), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by SCLY, HADHA, ACADVL, HADHBmitochondrial matrix

• CHEBI:17724Reach from here →
  1. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  2. N(6),N(6)-dimethyl-L-lysyl(4)-[histone H3] + 2 A + 2 H2O = L-lysyl(4)-[histone H3] + 2 formaldehyde + 2 AH2
  3. dimethylglycine dehydrogenase (formaldehyde)

  Catalysed by AIFM1, PYROXD1, KDM1A, KDM1B and 2 morecytosol

• glycine betaineReach from here →
  1. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  2. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  3. p-cumic alcohol:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by AIFM1, PYROXD1, CHDH, ALDH7A1cytosolOne of 7 routes

• glycerolReach from here →
  1. 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + AH2 + O2 = 2-[(11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + A + H2O
  2. 2-[(11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = (11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine + H(+)
  3. sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine + H2O = phosphocholine + glycerol + H(+)

  Catalysed by PTGS2, PLA2G4A, ENPP6

• trans-urocanateReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and histidine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-histidine ammonia-lyase (urocanate-forming)

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC7A6, HALextracellular space, cytosol

• urateReach from here →
  1. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + AH2 + 2 O2 = prostaglandin H2 + A + H2O
  2. prostaglandin H2(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = prostaglandin H2(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)
  3. urate(out) + (S)-lactate(in) = urate(in) + (S)-lactate(out)

  Catalysed by PTGS1, PTGS2, SLCO2A1, SLC22A12 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophanReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tryptophan + O2 = 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC7A5, TPH1, TPH2extracellular space, cytosol

• prostaglandin F1Reach from here →
  1. prostaglandin G1 + AH2 = prostaglandin H1 + A + H2O
  2. prostaglandin-E synthase (prostaglandin E1)
  3. prostaglandin E1 + NADPH + H(+) = prostaglandin F1 + NADP(+)

  Catalysed by PTGS2, PTGES, PTGES3, PTGES2 and 1 morecytosol

• 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and leucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Leucine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC7A5, BCAT2extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• all-trans-retinalReach from here →
  1. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  2. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  3. retinol: NADP+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by AIFM1, PYROXD1, RETSAT, DHRS3 and 5 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• CHEBI:17927Reach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion

  Catalysed by SCLYmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3-oxopropanoic acidReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. beta-alanine(out) + L-alanine(in) = beta-alanine(in) + L-alanine(out)
  3. beta-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC7A10, ABATinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix

• 3-phenylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Phenylalanine Transaminase, Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC7A5, GOT2, TATextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• fumaric acidReach from here →
  1. 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine sulfate + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine sulfate + AH2
  2. Steryl-Sulfatase
  3. transport of fumarate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by DIO1, STS, SLC25A10Golgi apparatus, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• a diacylglycerolReach from here →
  1. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  2. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  3. a triacylglycerol + all-trans-retinol = an all-trans-retinyl ester + a diacylglycerol

  Catalysed by AIFM1, PYROXD1, RETSAT, PNPLA4 and 1 more

• dTDPReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)

  Catalysed by SCLY, AGXT2, PKM, PKLRmitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• CHEBI:18132Reach from here →
  1. 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + AH2 + O2 = 2-[(11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + A + H2O
  2. 2-[(11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = (11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine + H(+)
  3. sn-Glycero-3-phosphocholine cholinephosphohydrolase

  Catalysed by PTGS2, PLA2G4A, ENPP6cytosol

• CHEBI:18183Reach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)
  3. gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase ((5-L-glutamyl)-L-amino acid)

  Catalysed by SCLY, GGT1, GGT5, GGTLC2 and 5 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• N-carbamoyl-beta-alanineReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Transport of 3-Ureidopropionate

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamideReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. 5-Phospho-D-ribosylamine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by SCLY, AGXT, AGXT2, GARTmitochondrial matrix, cytosol