(S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate

1. L-proline + a quinone = (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate + a quinol + H(+)

Catalysed by PRODH, PRODH2

1. L-Proline:NADP+ 5-oxidoreductase

Catalysed by PYCR3, PYCR2cytosolOne of 4 routes

1. aldehyde dehydrogenase (1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate)

Catalysed by ALDH4A1cytosolOne of 2 routes

1. L-proline + NAD(+) = (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate + NADH + 2 H(+)

Catalysed by PYCR1, PYCR3, PYCR2One of 3 routes

1. L-proline + a quinone = (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate + a quinol + H(+)
2. 2 a quinone + NADPH + H(+) = 2 a 1,4-benzosemiquinone + NADP(+)

Catalysed by PRODH, PRODH2, CRYZ, TP53I3 and 2 more

1. L-Proline:NADP+ 5-oxidoreductase
2. transport of leucine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)

Catalysed by PYCR3, PYCR2, SLC7A5cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

1. L-Proline:NADP+ 5-oxidoreductase
2. transport of proline and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
3. beta-carboline hydrolysis

Catalysed by PYCR3, PYCR2, ABCA1, SLC7A5cytosol, extracellular space

1. L-Proline:NADP+ 5-oxidoreductase
2. Transport of L-Proline by the Apical Imino Amino Acid Transporters
3. Carnitine Transport by Atb0

Catalysed by and 1 more