4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate

362,296 routes · scope human · up to 3 steps · built 5 October 2026 · Reactions · API

432 compounds within 3 steps: 6 in 1, 57 in 2, 369 in 3

One step

L-leucineReach from here →
1. 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + L-kynurenine = kynurenate + L-leucine + H2O
Catalysed by AADATOne of 2 routes
3-methyl-1-hydroxybutylthiamine diphosphateReach from here →
1. branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase E1 (4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate)
Catalysed by BCKDHA, BCKDHBmitochondrial matrix
glyoxylateReach from here →
1. L-leucine + glyoxylate = 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
Catalysed by AADAT
3-hydroxyisovaleric acidReach from here →
1. 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate decarboxylation
Catalysed by ALOX12B, ALOXE3cytosol
kynurenateReach from here →
1. 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + L-kynurenine = kynurenate + L-leucine + H2O
Catalysed by AADAT
2-hydroxy-4-methylvaleric acidReach from here →
1. 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate reduction
Catalysed by SDR42E2, AKR1B15, AKR1B10, ADH5 and 14 morecytosol

Two steps

L-leucine + glyoxylate = 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + glycine

N-octanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = octanamide + glyoxylate

Catalysed by AADAT, PAM

N-decanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycineReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, PAM

N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycineReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, PAM

N-tetradecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycineReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, PAM

N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-(2S)-hydroxyglycineReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, PAM

N-(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycineReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, PAM

kinetensinReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, CMA1extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

pyruvateReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, AGXT, AGXT2

(S)-malateReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, CLYBL

CHEBI:15699Reach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

CHEBI:15765Reach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, SLC3A2, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosol

CHEBI:15971Reach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

L-cystineReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A9, SLC3A1extracellular space, cytosol

L-citrullineReach from here →

Catalysed by AADATextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

L-valineReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

L-arginineReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, SLC3A2, SLC7A6, SLC7A7extracellular space, cytosolOne of 6 routes

protein polypeptide chainReach from here →

Catalysed by AADATcytosol

4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoateReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT

2-oxobutanoateReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, AGXT2

CHEBI:16857Reach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

L-isoleucineReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

CHEBI:17203Reach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

L-cysteineReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A9, SLC3A1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

indole-3-pyruvateReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT

CHEBI:17895Reach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

3-phenylpyruvateReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT

CHEBI:18019Reach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

L-glutamineReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

S-methylmercury-L-cysteineReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A8inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, AGXT2

5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, AGXT2

5-(3-methylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, AGXT2

a dicarboxylateReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, SLC22A8inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

chlorine(.)Reach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

glycolateReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, GRHPR

L-aspartateReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A13inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

oxalateReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, HAO1

glutarateReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, SLC22A6inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

L-lysineReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A7inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvateReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT

L-ornithineReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

glycineReach from here →

Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 20 routes