CHEBI:16857

Three steps

• (15Z)-tetracosenoateReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Threonine
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (nervonic acid)
  3. (15Z)-tetracosenoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine acetaldehyde-lyase (glycine-forming)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by GSScytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 8 routes

• (11Z)-eicosenoateReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Threonine
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-gondoic acid)
  3. (11Z)-eicosenoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 7 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• cis-aconitic acidReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Threonine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. transport of chloride and oxalate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Mitochondrial Carrier (Mc) Tcdb:2.A.29.7.2

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC26A6, SLC25A1extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• N-carbamoyl-L-aspartateReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and threonine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate
  3. carbamoyl phosphate + L-aspartate = N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, AGXT2, CADextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3-oxopropanoateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine ammonia-lyase (2-oxobutanoate-forming)
  2. 2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + pyruvate
  3. 3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine = beta-alanine + pyruvate

  Catalysed by SDS, SDSL, AGXT2cytosolOne of 2 routes

• thiosulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of cysteine and threonine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Cysteine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  3. 3-mercaptopyruvate:sulfide sulfurtransferase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GOT2, GOT1, MPST and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• tetra-mu3-sulfido-tetrairon(2+)Reach from here →
  1. transport of cysteine and threonine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. Synthesis of 4Fe4S from 2Fe2S

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 10 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• serotoninReach from here →
  1. L-threonine acetaldehyde-lyase (glycine-forming)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of GSH and serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 6 routes

• 2-oxohexanoateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine ammonia-lyase (2-oxobutanoate-forming)
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + 2-oxobutanoate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + (2S)-2-aminobutanoate
  3. 2-oxohexanoate + N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine = L-2-aminohexanoate + 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate

  Catalysed by SDS, SDSL, AGXT2cytosol

• an acylcholineReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Threonine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. an acylcholine + H2O = a carboxylate + choline + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC5A7, BCHEextracellular space, cytosol

• fatty acidReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Threonine
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (elaidate)
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• chenodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Threonine
  2. Propanoyl-CoA:acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase
  3. chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by ACAA1, SCP2, MYO5B, ACOT7 and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, peroxisomeOne of 3 routes

• taurocholateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine acetaldehyde-lyase (glycine-forming)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. solute carrier organic anion transporter (GSH)

  Catalysed by GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 8 routes

• taurodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Threonine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  3. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (taurodeoxycholate)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC6A6, BAATextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 3-hydroxyanthranilateReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and threonine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + H2O = 3-hydroxyanthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)
  3. 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + H2O = 3-hydroxyanthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, KYNUextracellular space, cytosol

• N-formylanthranilic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of threonine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-tryptophan:oxygen 2,3-oxidoreductase (decyclizing)
  3. Formylkynurenine hydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, IDO1, TDO2, IDO2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• cholesteryl hexadecanoateReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Threonine
  2. Palmitate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. Acyl-CoA:cholesterol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• a 1-O-alkyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Threonine
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. Acyl-CoA:1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, Golgi apparatus, cytosol

• CHEBI:36882Reach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Threonine
  2. Itaconate:CoA ligase (GDP-forming)
  3. (3S)-citramalyl-CoA hydro-lyase (itaconyl-CoA-forming)

  Catalysed by SUCLG1, SUCLG2, SUCLA2, AUHmitochondrial matrix

• 3-hydroxyisovaleric acidReach from here →
  1. transport of leucine and threonine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Leucine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  3. 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate decarboxylation

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BCAT2, ALOX12B, ALOXE3extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecanoateReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Threonine
  2. phytanate-CoA ligase
  3. peroxisomal acyl-CoA thioesterase

  Catalysed by ACOT2mitochondrial matrix, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 3 routes

• sphingosine 1-phosphateReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Threonine
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. ATP:sphingosine 1-phosphotransferase

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, Golgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• cholesteryl (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Threonine
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z)-octadecadienoic acid)
  3. Acyl-CoA:cholesterol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

• D-glucopyranose 6-phosphateReach from here →
  1. transport of glutamine and threonine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. HCO3-:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming, carbamate-phosphorylating)
  3. glucose-6-phosphatase (carbamoyl-phosphate)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10, CAD and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• (R)-lactic acidReach from here →
  1. L-threonine ammonia-lyase (2-oxobutanoate-forming)
  2. 2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + pyruvate
  3. (R)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SDS, SDSL, AGXT2, LDHDcytosol

• (S)-lactic acidReach from here →
  1. L-threonine acetaldehyde-lyase (glycine-forming)
  2. Acetaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  3. transport of acetate and L-lactate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ALDH3A1, ALDH3B1, ALDH1A3, ALDH3B2 and 6 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 11 routes

• 25-hydroxycholesterolReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and threonine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. cholesterol + AH2 + O2 = 25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOS, CH25Hextracellular space, cytosol

• (3S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Threonine
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarate + glutaryl-CoA = (3S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + glutarate

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SUGCTmitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• (6R)-L-erythro-6,7-dihydrobiopterinReach from here →
  1. transport of threonine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tryptophan + O2 = 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin
  3. (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin = (6R)-L-erythro-6,7-dihydrobiopterin + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, TPH1, TPH2, PCBD1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-iminopropanoateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine ammonia-lyase (2-oxobutanoate-forming)
  2. 2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + pyruvate
  3. 2-iminopropanoate + H2O = pyruvate + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by SDS, SDSL, AGXT2, RIDAcytosol

• phosphoenolpyruvic acidReach from here →
  1. L-threonine ammonia-lyase (2-oxobutanoate-forming)
  2. 2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + pyruvate
  3. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)

  Catalysed by SDS, SDSL, AGXT2, PKM and 1 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• 13-cis-retinolReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Threonine
  2. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  3. 11-cis-retinol = 13-cis-retinol

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• spermineReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Threonine
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. S-adenosyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)propylamine + spermidine = spermine + S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine + H(+)

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2, SMSmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-acetyl-beta-neuraminic acidReach from here →
  1. L-threonine ammonia-lyase (2-oxobutanoate-forming)
  2. 2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + pyruvate
  3. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)

  Catalysed by SDS, SDSL, AGXT2, NPLcytosol

• tert-butanolReach from here →
  1. L-threonine acetaldehyde-lyase (glycine-forming)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. tert-butyl hydroperoxide + 2 glutathione = tert-butanol + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by GSS, CLIC2, GPX1, GPX2 and 2 morecytosol

• cholesteryl (9Z-octadecenoate)Reach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Threonine
  2. Transport of octadecenoyl-CoA into Mitochondrial Matrix
  3. Acyl-CoA:cholesterol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B, SOAT2 and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. L-threonine acetaldehyde-lyase (glycine-forming)
  2. Acetaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  3. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate

  Catalysed by ALDH3A1, ALDH3B1, ALDH1A3, ALDH3B2 and 1 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• a 1,3-diacylglycerolReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Threonine
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. a 1-acylglycerol + an acyl-CoA = a 1,3-diacylglycerol + CoA

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, Golgi apparatus

• 2-methyl-1-hydroxypropylthiamine diphosphateReach from here →
  1. transport of threonine and valine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Valine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  3. branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase E1 (3-methyl-2-oxobutyrate)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BCAT2, BCKDHA, BCKDHBextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• a 1,2-diacylglycerolReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Threonine
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. a 2-acylglycerol + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacylglycerol + CoA

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 5 moremitochondrial matrix, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-oneReach from here →
  1. transport of methionine and threonine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  3. 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2 = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + formate + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, AADAT, ADI1extracellular space, cytosol

• all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinolReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and threonine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOS, RETSATextracellular space, cytosol

• an N-acylsphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Threonine
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. sphing-4-enine + a fatty acyl-CoA = an N-acylsphing-4-enine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, Golgi apparatus

• N-tetracosanoylsphinganineReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Threonine
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (lignocerate)
  3. tetracosanoyl-CoA + sphinganine = N-tetracosanoylsphinganine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 7 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• N-hexacosanoylsphinganineReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Threonine
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cerotic acid)
  3. hexacosanoyl-CoA + sphinganine = N-hexacosanoylsphinganine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 7 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. L-threonine acetaldehyde-lyase (glycine-forming)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of GSH and triiodothyronine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 8 routes

• 2-deoxy-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphateReach from here →
  1. L-threonine acetaldehyde-lyase (glycine-forming)
  2. 2-deoxy-D-ribose 5-phosphate = D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + acetaldehyde
  3. 2-deoxy-alpha-D-ribose 1-phosphate = 2-deoxy-D-ribose 5-phosphate

  Catalysed by DERA, PGM2cytosol

• 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and threonine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOS, DIO1, DIO3extracellular space, cytosol

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serineReach from here →
  1. Acetylation of Threonine
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine + CoA

  Catalysed by ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1, ASAH2 and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, Golgi apparatus