oxaloacetate

Three steps

• L-cysteateReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (taurodeoxycholate)
  3. L-cysteate + H(+) = taurine + CO2

  Catalysed by CS, BAAT, GADL1, CSADmitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• N(1)-acetylspermineReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. N(1)-acetylspermine + O2 + H2O = 3-acetamidopropanal + spermidine + H2O2

  Catalysed by CS, SAT1, SAT2, PAOXmitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate
  3. 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + H2O = 3-hydroxyanthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by GOT2, AGXT2, KYNUmitochondrial matrix

• gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. L-glutamate:L-cysteine gamma-ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by CS, NAGS, GCLC, GCLMmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-homocysteineReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. L-aspartate(in) + L-methionine(out) = L-aspartate(out) + L-methionine(in)
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by GOT2, SLC7A13, BHMT2mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• carbamoyl phosphateReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. carbamoyl-phosphate:L-aspartate carbamoyltransferase
  3. carbamoyl-phosphate:L-aspartate carbamoyltransferase

  Catalysed by GOT2, CADmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• adenosine 5'-phosphosulfateReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  3. ATP:sulfate adenylyltransferase

  Catalysed by GOT2, SLC25A14, SLC25A30, PAPSS1 and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• S-methyl-L-methionineReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. L-aspartate(in) + L-methionine(out) = L-aspartate(out) + L-methionine(in)
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by GOT2, SLC7A13, BHMT2mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• N-acetylputrescineReach from here →
  1. Oxaloacetate Decarboxylase
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate

  Catalysed by FAHD1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular space

• (2R)-3-phosphoglycerateReach from here →
  1. GTP:oxaloacetate carboxy-lyase (adding GTP
  2. 2-phospho-D-glycerate hydro-lyase (phosphoenolpyruvate-forming)
  3. D-phosphoglycerate 2,3-phosphomutase

  Catalysed by PCK1, ENO1, ENO2, ENO3 and 4 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• glutathione disulfideReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. L-cystine(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-cystine(in) + L-aspartate(out)
  3. cystine to cysteine conversion

  Catalysed by GOT2, SLC7A13mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3-oxosphinganineReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. Palmitate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. Palmitoyl-CoA:L-serine C-palmitoyltransferase (decarboxylating)

  Catalysed by CS, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 8 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 1-hexadecanoylglycerone 3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. Palmitate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)

  Catalysed by CS, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, peroxisome

• N(1)-acetylspermidineReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. spermidine + acetyl-CoA = N(1)-acetylspermidine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CS, SAT1, SAT2mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 3-aminopropanalReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermine)
  3. spermidine:oxygen oxidoreductase (spermidine-forming)

  Catalysed by CS, SAT1, SAT2, SMOXmitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• trans-4-hydroxy-L-prolineReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate
  3. trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline(out) + L-alanine(in) + Na(+)(out) = trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline(in) + L-alanine(out) + Na(+)(in)

  Catalysed by GOT2, AGXT2, SLC1A4mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 3 routes

• L-2-aminopentanoateReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + oxaloacetate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-aspartate
  3. 2-oxopentanoate + N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-2-aminopentanoate

  Catalysed by GOT2, AGXT2mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• kynurenateReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and OAA (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. glyoxylate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (S)-malate + CoA + H(+)
  3. L-kynurenine + glyoxylate = kynurenate + glycine + H2O

  Catalysed by CLYBL, KYAT3, AADATmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• L-2-aminohexanoateReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + oxaloacetate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-aspartate
  3. 2-oxohexanoate + N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine = L-2-aminohexanoate + 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate

  Catalysed by GOT2, AGXT2mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamideReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. 1-(5-Phosphoribosyl)-5-amino-4-carboxyimidazole:L-aspartate ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. 1-(5'-Phosphoribosyl)-5-amino-4-(N-succinocarboxamide)-imidazole AMP-lyase

  Catalysed by GOT2, PAICS, ADSLmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N(8)-acetylspermidineReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion

  Catalysed by CS, SAT1, SAT2mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• N(1),N(12)-diacetylspermineReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. N1,N12-diacetylspermine to N1-acetylspermine conversion
  3. N1,N12-diacetylspermine to N1-acetylspermine conversion

  Catalysed by CSmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (EPA)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by CS, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 8 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• S-sulfanyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. 2 L-cysteine = S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-alanine

  Catalysed by CS, NAGS, CARS2mitochondrial matrix

• dCDPReach from here →
  1. GTP:oxaloacetate carboxy-lyase (adding GTP
  2. dATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase
  3. cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase (dADP)

  Catalysed by PCK1, PKM, PKLR, CMPK1cytosolOne of 4 routes

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + an acyl-CoA = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + CoA

  Catalysed by CS, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 14 moremitochondrial matrix, Golgi apparatus

• N-formyl-L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. L-tryptophan(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-tryptophan(in) + L-aspartate(out)
  3. L-tryptophan + O2 = N-formyl-L-kynurenine

  Catalysed by GOT2, SLC7A13, IDO1, TDO2 and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (S)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoateReach from here →
  1. Oxaloacetate Decarboxylase
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. L-3-amino-isobutanoate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by FAHD1, AGXT2, ABATcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 5-phospho-beta-D-ribosylamineReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. L-aspartate(in) + L-glutamine(out) = L-aspartate(out) + L-glutamine(in)
  3. phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase (glutamine)

  Catalysed by GOT2, SLC7A13, PPATmitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• an N-acetyl-L-cysteine-S-conjugateReach from here →
  1. Oxaloacetate Decarboxylase
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. an N-acetyl-L-cysteine-S-conjugate + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + acetate

  Catalysed by FAHD1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular space

• D-glucosamine 6-phosphateReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. L-aspartate(in) + L-glutamine(out) = L-aspartate(out) + L-glutamine(in)
  3. D-fructose 6-phosphate + L-glutamine = D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + L-glutamate

  Catalysed by GOT2, SLC7A13, GFPT2, GFPT1mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• L-methionine (S)-S-oxideReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. L-aspartate(in) + L-methionine(out) = L-aspartate(out) + L-methionine(in)
  3. [thioredoxin]-disulfide + L-methionine + H2O = L-methionine (S)-S-oxide + [thioredoxin]-dithiol

  Catalysed by GOT2, SLC7A13, MSRAmitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• L-methionine (R)-S-oxideReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. L-aspartate(in) + L-methionine(out) = L-aspartate(out) + L-methionine(in)
  3. [thioredoxin]-disulfide + L-methionine + H2O = L-methionine (R)-S-oxide + [thioredoxin]-dithiol

  Catalysed by GOT2, SLC7A13, MSRB3, MSRB1 and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• S-sulfanylglutathioneReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and OAA (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. transport of malate and sulfite (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. S-sulfanylglutathione + O2 + H2O = sulfite + glutathione + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, ETHE1mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycineReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + glycine = N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CS, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• N-[(R)-4-phosphopantothenoyl]-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. (R)-4'-phosphopantothenate:L-cysteine ligase

  Catalysed by CS, NAGS, PPCSmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterinReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. L-tyrosine(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-tyrosine(in) + L-aspartate(out)
  3. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine

  Catalysed by GOT2, SLC7A13, PAHmitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (2S)-2-phospholactateReach from here →
  1. Oxaloacetate Decarboxylase
  2. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  3. (2S)-2-phospholactate + H2O = (S)-lactate + phosphate

  Catalysed by FAHD1, LDHA, LDHB, LDHC and 3 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• 1-acyl-2-(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z)-octadecadienoic acid)
  3. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoA + a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-acyl-2-(9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + CoA

  Catalysed by CS, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• L-prolineReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate
  3. L-proline(out) + L-alanine(in) + Na(+)(out) = L-proline(in) + L-alanine(out) + Na(+)(in)

  Catalysed by GOT2, AGXT2, SLC1A4mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 3 routes

• estrone 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  3. estrone 3-sulfate + H2O = estrone + sulfate + H(+)

  Catalysed by GOT2, SLC25A14, SLC25A30, STSmitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• sphing-4-enine 1-phosphateReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. sphing-4-enine + ATP = sphing-4-enine 1-phosphate + ADP + H(+)

  Catalysed by CS, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, Golgi apparatus

• prostaglandin E2Reach from here →
  1. Oxaloacetate Decarboxylase
  2. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  3. prostaglandin E2(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = prostaglandin E2(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, LDHA, LDHB, LDHC and 3 morecytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• N-benzoylglycineReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. Hippurate (Benzoylglycinate) Formation

  Catalysed by CS, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (2E)-tetradecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)
  3. trans-tetradec-2-enoyl-CoA reductase

  Catalysed by CS, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• (2E)-decenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (decanoic acid)
  3. trans-dec-2-enoyl-CoA reductase

  Catalysed by CS, ACSM4, ACSM1, ACSM2A and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• L-cysteinylglycineReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate
  3. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)

  Catalysed by GOT2, AGXT2, GGTLC3, GGT1 and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (2E)-hexenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (hexanoic acid)
  3. trans-hex-2-enoyl-CoA reductase

  Catalysed by CS, ACSM4, ACSM1, ACSM2A and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• a cardiolipinReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. 1'-[1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho],3'-[1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho]-glycerol + an acyl-CoA = a cardiolipin + CoA

  Catalysed by CS, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, Golgi apparatus

• (2E)-octenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. Octanoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-octanoyltransferase
  3. trans-oct-2-enoyl-CoA reductase

  Catalysed by CS, CROT, MECRmitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes