L-phenylalanine

Three steps

• glycoursodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine to glycoursodeoxycholate conversion
  3. glycoursodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = glycoursodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SULT2A1extracellular space, cytosol

• glycochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA + glycine = glycochenodeoxycholate + CoA + H(+)
  3. glycochenodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = glycochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BAAT, SULT2A1extracellular space, cytosol

• deoxycholateReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase
  3. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosol

• a quinolReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. a quinone + hydrogen sulfide + glutathione + H(+) = S-sulfanylglutathione + a quinol

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GSS, SQORextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-ethanolamineReach from here →
  1. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + L-phenylalanine = N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-L-phenylalanine + H2O
  2. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + L-phenylalanine = N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-L-phenylalanine + H2O
  3. fatty acylamide amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by PM20D1, FAAHcytosol

• imidazole-4-acetaldehydeReach from here →
  1. transport of histidine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-histidine carboxy-lyase (histamine-forming)
  3. amine oxidase copper containing (histamine)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, HDC, AOC2, AOC1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• alpha-linolenic acidReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. Utilized Transport

  Catalysed by SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• folic acidReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Folate Transport by Oats

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC26A6, SLC22A8, SLC22A7extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:27540Reach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (hexanoic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BAAT, ACSM4, ACSM1 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 6 routes

• selenomethionineReach from here →
  1. transport of phenylalanine and threonine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-threonine ammonia-lyase (2-oxobutanoate-forming)
  3. Selenomethionine methanethiol-lyase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SDS, SDSL, CTHextracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:27760Reach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)
  3. Selenocystathionine Lysteine-lyase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SCLY, CTHextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehydeReach from here →
  1. L-dopa(out) + L-phenylalanine(in) = L-dopa(in) + L-phenylalanine(out)
  2. L-dopa + H(+) = dopamine + CO2
  3. monoamine oxidase (dopamine)

  Catalysed by SLC7A8, DDC, AOC2, AOC1 and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• elaidic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (elaidate)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 5 routes

• 5(S)-HETEReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. Glutathione: 5-HPETE oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GSS, GPX5, GPX1 and 7 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3-mercaptolactic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of cysteine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Cysteine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  3. 3-Mercaptolactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GOT2, GOT1, LDHB and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Kynurenine
  2. 2-oxopentanoate + L-kynurenine = L-2-aminopentanoate + kynurenate + H2O
  3. 2-oxopentanoate + N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-2-aminopentanoate

  Catalysed by SLC7A8, AADAT, AGXT2extracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:28701Reach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Propanoyl-CoA:acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BAAT, ACAA1, SCP2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 7 routes

• 3-disulfanyl-L-alanineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Cystine (L-Alanine antiport) by B0, +At Transporter
  3. L-cystine thiocysteine-lyase (deaminating

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC7A9, SLC3A1, CTHextracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:28862Reach from here →
  1. L-Phenylalanine:tRNA(Ala) ligase (AMP-forming)
  2. glycyl-tRNA(gly) phosphorylation
  3. 2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-diphosphate:oxidized-thioredoxin 2'-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by FARSB, FARSA, TXN, RRM1 and 3 morecytosol

• a dicarboxylateReach from here →
  1. Phenylalanine Transaminase, Mitochondrial
  2. 3-phenylpyruvate + L-kynurenine = kynurenate + L-phenylalanine + H2O
  3. kynurenate(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = kynurenate(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by GOT2, TAT, AADAT, SLC22A8mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 8 routes

• L-ascorbic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. L-dehydroascorbate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + L-ascorbate

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GSS, CLIC1, GSTO1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• Ca(2+)Reach from here →
  1. transport of cysteine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  3. Ca(2+)(out) + K(+)(out) + 4 Na(+)(in) = Ca(2+)(in) + K(+)(in) + 4 Na(+)(out)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC1A1, SLC24A1, SLC24A5 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 5 routes

• 3-methyl-1-hydroxybutylthiamine diphosphateReach from here →
  1. transport of leucine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Leucine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  3. branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase E1 (4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BCAT2, BCKDHA, BCKDHBextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• hypoioditeReach from here →
  1. transport of phenylalanine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. thyroid peroxidase (iodine)
  3. iodide + H2O2 = hypoiodite + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, TPO, MPO, LPOextracellular space, cytosol

• a thiolReach from here →
  1. transport of cysteine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
  3. L-cysteinyl-[sulfatase] + 2 a thiol + O2 = an organic disulfide + 3-oxo-L-alanyl-[sulfatase] + hydrogen sulfide + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, CTH, SUMF1extracellular space, cytosol

• hydrogenselenideReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOS, SCLYextracellular space, cytosol

• phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. phosphocholine + H2O = choline + phosphate

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC5A7, PHOSPHO1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• cholateReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. solute carrier organic anion transporter (cholate)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• glycolateReach from here →
  1. Phenylalanine Transaminase, Mitochondrial
  2. glyoxylate + L-phenylalanine = 3-phenylpyruvate + glycine
  3. glycolate + NADP(+) = glyoxylate + NADPH + H(+)

  Catalysed by GOT2, TAT, AADAT, GRHPRmitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• D-aspartateReach from here →
  1. transport of cysteine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)
  3. D-aspartate(out) + K(+)(in) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = D-aspartate(in) + K(+)(out) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SLC1A1, SLC1A7, SLC1A3 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• acetateReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, AGXT2, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 11 routes

• 3-acetamidopropanalReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport by Y+Lat-2 into Extracellular Space
  3. N1-acetylspermidine:oxygen oxidoreductase (3-acetamidopropanal-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, SLC3A2, PAOX, SMOXextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• oxalateReach from here →
  1. Phenylalanine Transaminase, Mitochondrial
  2. glyoxylate + L-phenylalanine = 3-phenylpyruvate + glycine
  3. glyoxylate + O2 + H2O = oxalate + H2O2 + H(+)

  Catalysed by GOT2, TAT, AADAT, HAO1mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• propionic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. transport of propanoate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, AGXT2, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• citric acidReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. transport of chloride and oxalate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Mitochondrial Carrier (Mc) Tcdb:2.A.29.7.2

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC26A6, SLC25A1extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• butyric acidReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, AGXT2, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• maleateReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. maleate(in) + sulfate(out) = maleate(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC26A6, SLC25A14, SLC25A30extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 3-hydroxypyruvic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. L-Serine:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, AGXT2, AGXTextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (S)-dihydroorotateReach from here →
  1. L-aspartate(in) + L-phenylalanine(out) = L-aspartate(out) + L-phenylalanine(in)
  2. carbamoyl-phosphate:L-aspartate carbamoyltransferase
  3. (S)-dihydroorotate amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC7A13, CADinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• an alcoholReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. a hydroperoxide + 2 glutathione = an alcohol + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GSS, CP, PRDX6extracellular space, cytosol

• isocitric acidReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. transport of chloride and oxalate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Mitochondrial Carrier (Mc) Tcdb:2.A.29.7.2

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC26A6, SLC25A1extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• glutarateReach from here →
  1. Phenylalanine Transaminase, Mitochondrial
  2. 3-phenylpyruvate + L-kynurenine = kynurenate + L-phenylalanine + H2O
  3. kynurenate(out) + glutarate(in) = kynurenate(in) + glutarate(out)

  Catalysed by GOT2, TAT, AADAT, SLC22A6mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutaric acidReach from here →
  1. L-aspartate(in) + L-phenylalanine(out) = L-aspartate(out) + L-phenylalanine(in)
  2. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  3. D-aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by SLC7A13, GOT2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix

• (2R,3R)-tartrateReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (2R,3R)-tartrate(in) + sulfate(out) = (2R,3R)-tartrate(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC26A6, SLC25A14, SLC25A30extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• (S,S)-tartrateReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (S,S)-tartrate(in) + sulfate(out) = (S,S)-tartrate(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC26A6, SLC25A14, SLC25A30extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• (3R)-citramalateReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (3R)-citramalate(in) + sulfate(out) = (3R)-citramalate(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC26A6, SLC25A14, SLC25A30extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• (3S)-citramalateReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (3S)-citramalate(in) + sulfate(out) = (3S)-citramalate(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC26A6, SLC25A14, SLC25A30extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• (9Z)-hexadecenoateReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. Utilized Transport

  Catalysed by SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 6 routes

• cis-aconitic acidReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. transport of chloride and oxalate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Mitochondrial Carrier (Mc) Tcdb:2.A.29.7.2

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC26A6, SLC25A1extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 3-oxopropanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. 3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine = beta-alanine + pyruvate

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, AGXT2extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes