L-tyrosine

Three steps

• nitric oxideReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. transport of arginine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Arginine, NADPH:Oxygen Oxidoreductase (Nitric-Oxide-Forming)

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC7A6, NOS3, NOS1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithineReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. transport of ornithine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC7A6, ACY1extracellular space, cytosol

• anthranilateReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. Transport of L-Kynurenine
  3. L-kynurenine + H2O = anthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC7A8, KYNUextracellular space, cytosol

• D-alanyl-D-alanineReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. transport of D-alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Formation of Alanylalanine

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC3A2, SLC7A10extracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:16633Reach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC7A5, SCLYextracellular space, cytosol

• Met-tRNA(Met)Reach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. transport of methionine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Methionine:tRNAMet ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC7A5, MARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• (S)-lactateReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. (S)-lactate + L-phenylalanine = N-[(S)-lactoyl]-L-phenylalanine + H2O
  3. (S)-lactate + L-phenylalanine = N-[(S)-lactoyl]-L-phenylalanine + H2O

  Catalysed by PAH, CNDP2

• CHEBI:16668Reach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-tyrosine(in) + L-aspartate(out)
  2. transport of 3-sulfinoalanine and aspartate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. 3-sulfino-L-alanine carboxy-lyase

  Catalysed by SLC7A13, SLC25A12, SLC25A13, GAD1 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• quinolinic acidReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-tyrosine(in) + L-aspartate(out)
  2. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  3. Transport of Quinolinic Acid

  Catalysed by SLC7A13, SLC25A14, SLC25A30, SLC22A6inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• dopamine quinoneReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-dopa
  2. L-dopa + H(+) = dopamine + CO2
  3. Peroxidase

  Catalysed by TH, DDC, MPOlysosomeOne of 4 routes

• 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoateReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + 2-oxoglutarate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + L-glutamate
  2. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  3. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by TAT, AADATOne of 2 routes

• 2-oxobutanoateReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + 2-oxoglutarate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + L-glutamate
  2. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  3. (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + glyoxylate = 2-oxobutanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by TAT, AADAT, AGXT2One of 5 routes

• tryptamineReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-dopa
  2. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tryptophan + O2 = 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin
  3. L-tryptophan decarboxy-lyase

  Catalysed by TH, TPH1, TPH2, DDCcytosol

• 2-oxoglutaramateReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. Phenylalanine Transaminase, Mitochondrial
  3. 3-phenylpyruvate + L-glutamine = 2-oxoglutaramate + L-phenylalanine

  Catalysed by PAH, GOT2, TAT, KYAT1mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• enol-phenylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. Phenylalanine Transaminase, Mitochondrial
  3. 3-phenylpyruvate = enol-phenylpyruvate

  Catalysed by PAH, GOT2, TAT, MIFmitochondrial matrix

• formaldehydeReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:glycine N-methyltransferase
  3. sarcosine:oxygen oxidoreductase (demethylating)

  Catalysed by AADAT, GNMT, PIPOX, SARDHcytosol, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• creatineReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase

  Catalysed by AADAT, GATM, GAMTcytosolOne of 2 routes

• bilirubin IXalphaReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of bilirubin and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AADAT, GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• oxalic acidReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. transport of chloride and oxalate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC6A14, SLC26A6extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 4-maleylacetoacetateReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + 2-oxoglutarate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + L-glutamate
  2. 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate:oxygen oxidoreductase (hydroxylating,decarboxylating)
  3. homogentisate + O2 = 4-maleylacetoacetate + H(+)

  Catalysed by TAT, HPD, HGDcytosol

• taurolithocholateReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of GSH and taurolithocholate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AADAT, GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:17208Reach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. glutathione:dehydroascorbate oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by AADAT, GSScytosol

• homocysteineReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. Formation of Homocystine

  Catalysed by AADAT, GSScytosol

• L-glutamic 5-semialdehydeReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. transport of ornithine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Ornithine:2-oxo-acid aminotransferase

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC7A6, OATextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• dehydroascorbic acidReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-dopa
  2. L-dopa + H(+) = dopamine + CO2
  3. dopamine,ascorbate:oxygen oxidoreductase (beta-hydroxylating)

  Catalysed by TH, DDC, DBHcytosol

• anilineReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Acetyl-CoA:arylamine N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAAT, NAT2, NAT1peroxisome, cytosol

• CHEBI:17312Reach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. N1,N12-diacetylspermine to N1-acetylspermine conversion

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAATperoxisome, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• sulfiteReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by AADAT, GSS, TSTD1One of 4 routes

• D-aspartic acidReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-tyrosine(in) + L-aspartate(out)
  2. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of D-aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC7A13, SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2 and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, extracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:17380Reach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-dopa
  2. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tryptophan + O2 = 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin
  3. Transport of 3-Hydroxy-L-Kynurenine

  Catalysed by TH, TPH1, TPH2, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylateReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. transport of phenylalanine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-proline:(acceptor) oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC7A5, PRODH2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• agmatineReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. transport of arginine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-arginine carboxy-lyase (agmatine-forming)

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• AH2Reach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC7A5, MOCOSextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• indole-3-pyruvateReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + 2-oxoglutarate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + L-glutamate
  2. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  3. L-tryptophan + glyoxylate = indole-3-pyruvate + glycine

  Catalysed by TAT, AADATOne of 3 routes

• 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine sulfateReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-tyrosine(in) + L-aspartate(out)
  2. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  3. Steryl-Sulfatase

  Catalysed by SLC7A13, SLC25A14, SLC25A30, STSinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• (7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:3->C16:3), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAAT, HADHA, ACADVL and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix

• CHEBI:17724Reach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:glycine N-methyltransferase
  3. dimethylglycine dehydrogenase (formaldehyde)

  Catalysed by AADAT, GNMT, PDPR, DMGDHcytosol

• Ala-tRNA(Ala)Reach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Alanine:tRNA(Ala) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC7A5, AARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• glycine betaineReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. transport of betaine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC6A14, SLC6A12extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• trans-urocanateReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. transport of histidine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-histidine ammonia-lyase (urocanate-forming)

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC7A6, HALextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• urateReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)
  3. urate(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = urate(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC22A6, SLC22A8inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 3 routes

• methylarsonous acidReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. methylarsonate + 2 glutathione + H(+) = methylarsonous acid + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by AADAT, GSS, GSTO1, GSTO2

• 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + 2-oxoglutarate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + L-glutamate
  2. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  3. L-leucine + glyoxylate = 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by TAT, AADATOne of 5 routes

• CHEBI:17927Reach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. transport of arginine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Transport by Y+Lat-2 into Extracellular Space

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC7A6, SLC3A2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3-oxopropanoic acidReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-tyrosine(in) + L-aspartate(out)
  2. L-aspartate 1-carboxy-lyase (beta-alanine-forming)
  3. beta-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by SLC7A13, GAD2, ABATinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• fumaric acidReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-tyrosine(in) + L-aspartate(out)
  2. L-Citrulline:L-aspartate ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. 2-(Nomega-L-arginino)succinate arginine-lyase (fumarate-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC7A13, ASS1, ASLinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• CHEBI:18095Reach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Transport of Hydroxy-Proline

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC7A5, SLC1A4extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• N-carbamoyl-beta-alanineReach from here →
  1. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  2. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. Transport of 3-Ureidopropionate

  Catalysed by PAH, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamideReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. 5-Phospho-D-ribosylamine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. 10-formyltetrahydrofolate:5'-phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase

  Catalysed by AADAT, GARTcytosol

• arsenic triglutathioneReach from here →
  1. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. arsenic triglutathione + 3 [thioredoxin]-dithiol + 3 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = trimethylarsine + 3 [thioredoxin]-disulfide + 3 glutathione + 3 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 3 H(+)

  Catalysed by AADAT, GSS, AS3MTOne of 3 routes