thio-Mo-molybdopterin

Three steps

• an N-acylglycineReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. an acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-acylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• S-formylglutathioneReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. cystine to cysteine conversion
  3. alcohol dehydrogenase (formaldehyde)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, ADH1C, ADH1A, ADH5 and 3 morecytosol

• 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoateReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
  3. (R)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate + pyruvate = 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by MOCOS, CTH, AGXT2cytosol

• guanidinoacetateReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by MOCOS, NAGS, ASAH1, ACER2 and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• D-threonineReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  3. D-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = D-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SCLY, SLC7A10inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• spermidineReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, NAGS, SAT1, SAT2mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• hypotaurineReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. L-Cysteine:oxygen oxidoreductase
  3. 3-sulfino-L-alanine + H(+) = hypotaurine + CO2

  Catalysed by MOCOS, CDO1, GADL1, CSADcytosol

• L-dopaquinoneReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. transport of cysteine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Tyrosine,L-dopa:oxygen oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SLC7A5, TYRextracellular space, cytosol

• glutathioneReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
  3. thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, CTH, TSTD1cytosolOne of 3 routes

• L-threonineReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  3. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SCLY, SLC7A10inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 8 routes

• L-saccharopineReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. transport of cysteine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N6-(L-1,3-Dicarboxypropyl)-L-lysine:NADP+ oxidoreductase (L-lysine-forming)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SLC7A6, AASSextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  3. L-kynurenine + H2O = anthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SCLY, KYNUOne of 5 routes

• beta-alanineReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  3. beta-alanine(out) + L-alanine(in) = beta-alanine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SCLY, SLC7A10inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• leukotriene C4Reach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. leukotriene C4 hydrolysis

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• taurocyamineReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. transport of arginine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SLC7A6, GATMextracellular space, cytosol

• L-glutamate 5-semialdehydeReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. transport of cysteine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SLC7A6, OATextracellular space, cytosol

• 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  3. 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + H2O = 3-hydroxyanthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SCLY, KYNU

• L,L-cystathionineReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cystathionine)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, NAGSmitochondrial matrix

• 6-amino-2-oxohexanoateReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. transport of cysteine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-lysine:oxygen 2-oxidoreductase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosol, peroxisome

• L-homocysteineReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. N(6)-dimethylallyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-SH + AH2 + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-methylsulfanyl-N(6)-dimethylallyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-H + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+)
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, CDK5RAP1, BHMT2

• carbamoyl phosphateReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. transport of cysteine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. HCO3-:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming, carbamate-phosphorylating)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• S-methyl-L-methionineReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. N(6)-dimethylallyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-SH + AH2 + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-methylsulfanyl-N(6)-dimethylallyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-H + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+)
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, CDK5RAP1, BHMT2

• glutathione disulfideReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. thioredoxin-disulfide reductase (NADPH) (cystine)
  3. cystine to cysteine conversion

  Catalysed by MOCOS, TXNRD1, TXNRD3, TXNRD2cytosolOne of 14 routes

• taurolithocholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. cystine to cysteine conversion
  3. transport of GSH and sulfotaurolithocholate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• L-tyrosineReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginineReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  3. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SCLY, AGXT2One of 6 routes

• an acyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by MOCOS, NAGS, ASAH1, ACER2 and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• trans-4-hydroxy-L-prolineReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  3. trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline(out) + L-alanine(in) + Na(+)(out) = trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline(in) + L-alanine(out) + Na(+)(in)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SCLY, SLC1A4inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• histamineReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. transport of cysteine and histidine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-histidine carboxy-lyase (histamine-forming)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SLC7A6, HDCextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• L-thyroxineReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2
  3. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine,iodide:acceptor oxidoreductase (iodinating)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, DIO1, DIO3, DIO2cytosolOne of 6 routes

• kynurenateReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. L-Cysteine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  3. 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate + L-kynurenine = kynurenate + L-cysteine + H2O

  Catalysed by MOCOS, GOT2, GOT1, AADATcytosol

• 5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. transport of arginine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-arginine + O2 + H2O = 5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoate + H2O2 + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SLC7A6, IL4I1extracellular space, cytosol

• (3Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-5-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, NAGS, HADHA, ACAA2 and 1 moremitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• N-formyl-L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. transport of cysteine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-tryptophan + O2 = N-formyl-L-kynurenine

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SLC7A5, IDO1, TDO2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• (3S)-citramalyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
  3. (3S)-citramalyl-CoA = pyruvate + acetyl-CoA

  Catalysed by MOCOS, CTH, CLYBLcytosol

• (25R)-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, NAGS, SLC27A2, SLC27A5mitochondrial matrix, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• 5-phospho-beta-D-ribosylamineReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. transport of cysteine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase (glutamine)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• D-glucosamine 6-phosphateReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. transport of cysteine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. D-fructose 6-phosphate + L-glutamine = D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + L-glutamate

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• L-methionine (S)-S-oxideReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. N(6)-dimethylallyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-SH + AH2 + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-methylsulfanyl-N(6)-dimethylallyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-H + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+)
  3. [thioredoxin]-disulfide + L-methionine + H2O = L-methionine (S)-S-oxide + [thioredoxin]-dithiol

  Catalysed by MOCOS, CDK5RAP1, MSRA

• L-methionine (R)-S-oxideReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. N(6)-dimethylallyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-SH + AH2 + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-methylsulfanyl-N(6)-dimethylallyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-H + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+)
  3. [thioredoxin]-disulfide + L-methionine + H2O = L-methionine (R)-S-oxide + [thioredoxin]-dithiol

  Catalysed by MOCOS, CDK5RAP1, MSRB3, MSRB1 and 1 more

• 5-amino-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
  3. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by MOCOS, CTH, AGXT2cytosolOne of 3 routes

• deoxycholoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. cholate-CoA ligase (3alpha,12alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholanate)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, NAGS, SLC27A2, SLC27A5mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• a (2E)-enoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. a 2,3-saturated acyl-CoA + A = a 2,3-dehydroacyl-CoA + AH2
  3. a 2,3-saturated acyl-CoA + O2 = a (2E)-enoyl-CoA + H2O2

  Catalysed by MOCOS, ACAD10, ACOX3, ACOX1 and 1 more

• S-sulfanylglutathioneReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating
  3. Sulfide:glutathione,quinone oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by MOCOS, CTH, SQORcytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycineReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + glycine = N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• cyclic pyranopterin phosphateReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. GTP + AH2 + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = (8S)-3',8-cyclo-7,8-dihydroguanosine 5'-triphosphate + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + H(+)
  3. (8S)-3',8-cyclo-7,8-dihydroguanosine 5'-triphosphate = cyclic pyranopterin phosphate + diphosphate

  Catalysed by MOCOS, MOCS1

• 4-aminobutanoateReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. transport of chloride and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of 4-aminobutyrate and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SLC6A14, SLC6A12extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 3-iodo-L-tyrosineReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. transport of cysteine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. thyroid peroxidase (iodine)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SLC7A5, TPOextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• dopamineReach from here →
  1. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  2. cystine to cysteine conversion
  3. transport of dopamine and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by MOCOS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes