chlorine(.)

Three steps

• a phenolReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. an aryl sulfate + H2O = a phenol + sulfate + H(+)
  3. an aryl sulfate + H2O = a phenol + sulfate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, ARSL, ARSF, ARSK and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• fatty acidReach from here →
  1. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  2. Utilized Transport
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 28 routes

• L-alpha-aminobutyric acidReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Threonine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. L-threonine ammonia-lyase (2-oxobutanoate-forming)
  3. glutamic-pyruvic transaminase ((S)-2-aminobutanoate)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SDS, SDSL, GPTextracellular space, cytosol

• 3-hydroxyanthranilateReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + H2O = 3-hydroxyanthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)
  3. 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + H2O = 3-hydroxyanthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, KYNUextracellular space, cytosol

• N-formylanthranilic acidReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Tryptophan by Atb0 Transporter
  2. L-tryptophan:oxygen 2,3-oxidoreductase (decyclizing)
  3. Formylkynurenine hydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, IDO1, TDO2, IDO2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 3-hydroxyisovaleric acidReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and leucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Leucine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  3. 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate decarboxylation

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, BCAT2, ALOX12B, ALOXE3extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• D-glucopyranose 6-phosphateReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Glutamine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. HCO3-:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming, carbamate-phosphorylating)
  3. glucose-6-phosphatase (carbamoyl-phosphate)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, CAD, G6PC2extracellular space, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• (R)-lactic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of formate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (R)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 25-hydroxycholesterolReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  3. cholesterol + AH2 + O2 = 25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, MTO1, CH25Hextracellular space, cytosol

• L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterinReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. a dicarboxylate(in) + sulfate(out) = a dicarboxylate(out) + sulfate(in)
  3. L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC25A35, SLC25A34, SLC22A6 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• (3S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of acetoacetate and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (3S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA = acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, HMGCL and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• (6R)-L-erythro-6,7-dihydrobiopterinReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine
  3. (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin = (6R)-L-erythro-6,7-dihydrobiopterin + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, PAH, PCBD1, PCBD2extracellular space, cytosol

• 2-iminopropanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of formate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 2-iminopropanoate + H2O = pyruvate + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• phosphoenolpyruvic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of formate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• 13-cis-retinalReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of formate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. retinal dehydrogenase (13-cis-retinal)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, ALDH1A2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• N-acetyl-beta-neuraminic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of formate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• tert-butanolReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. tert-butyl hydroperoxide + 2 glutathione = tert-butanol + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC6A9, SLC6A14, GSS, CLIC2 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of acetate and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• N-methylserotoninReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:amine N-methyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A4, INMTextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-methyl-1-hydroxypropylthiamine diphosphateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and valine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Valine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  3. branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase E1 (3-methyl-2-oxobutyrate)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, BCAT2, BCKDHA, BCKDHBextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-oneReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  3. 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2 = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + formate + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, AADAT, ADI1extracellular space, cytosol

• Li(+)Reach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of Ca2+ and K+ (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of Li+ (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC24A1, SLC24A5 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• (5-hydroxyindol-3-yl)acetaldehydeReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 5-Hydroxytryptamine:oxygen oxidoreductase(deaminating)(flavin-containing)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A4, MAOA and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinolReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  3. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, MTO1, RETSATextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-glycerolReach from here →
  1. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  2. Utilized Transport
  3. fatty acid amide hydrolase (2-arachidonoylglycerol)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, FAAHextracellular space, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• O-propanoyl-(R)-carnitineReach from here →
  1. transport of betaine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine betaine(out) + (R)-carnitine(in) = glycine betaine(in) + (R)-carnitine(out)
  3. propanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-propanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA

  Catalysed by SLC6A12, SLC22A5, CRATextracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 3 routes

• 1,2,3-tri-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerolReach from here →
  1. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  2. Utilized Transport
  3. 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + (9Z)-octadecenoate + H(+) = 1,2,3-tri-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, DGAT1, LIPA, PNPLA4 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• 16-hydroxyhexadecanoateReach from here →
  1. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  2. Utilized Transport
  3. Fatty Acid Omega Oxidation (C16->W-Ohc16), Endoplasmatic Reticulum

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, CYP4F2, CYP4F3extracellular space, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

• 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  3. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, MTO1, DIO1, DIO3extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• a 3-acylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of formate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• acetoacetyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of acetoacetate and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. acetoacetate + ATP + CoA = acetoacetyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate

  Catalysed by SLC26A4, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, AACSextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (S)-malyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. (S)-malate + ATP + CoA = (S)-malyl-CoA + ADP + phosphate

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC25A10, SUCLG1, SUCLA2extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• (R)-methylmalonyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. aldehyde dehydrogenase (2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate)

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, BAAT, ALDH6A1extracellular space, cytosol, peroxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (S)-methylmalonyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, BAATextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 3'-dephospho-CoAReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. acid phosphatase 2, lysosomal (CoA)

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, BAAT, ACP2extracellular space, cytosol, peroxisome, lysosomeOne of 2 routes

• (2E)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. (2E)-dodecenoyl-CoA formation

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, BAATextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• (2E)-butenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  2. transport of butyryl-CoA and L-carnitine (cytosol to mitochondria)
  3. butanoyl-CoA:electron-transfer flavoprotein 2,3-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC33A1, ESCO2, OXSM and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 4,8,12-trimethyltridecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. propanoyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-ketopristanoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, BAAT, ACAA1, MYO5Bextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• (6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (gamma-linolenate)

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 8 routes

• acryloyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  2. Active Transport
  3. medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (propanoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, ACADS, ACADSBextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  2. Utilized Transport
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + ATP + CoA = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 8 moreextracellular space, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• benzoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Hippurate (Benzoylglycinate) Formation
  3. benzoyl-CoA + glycine = N-benzoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC6A9, SLC6A14, GLYATextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• dodecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (lauric acid)

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 14 routes

• glutaryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, BAAT, CPT1A, CPT1C and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• hexadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC6A9, SLC6A14, GLYATL3extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• eicosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (eicosanoate)

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 12 routes

• itaconyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. Itaconate:CoA ligase (GDP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, BAAT, SUCLG1, SUCLG2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z)-octadecadienoic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 19 routes

• tetradecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 12 routes

• octanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  2. Choloyl-CoA:glycine N-choloyltransferase
  3. Octanoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-octanoyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC6A6, BAAT, CROTextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 24 routes