4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate

Three steps

• N-(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoylglycineReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. N-(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienamide + glyoxylate
  3. N-(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O

  Catalysed by AADAT, PAM

• N-decanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. decanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-decanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by AADAT, GLYATL2One of 2 routes

• N-octanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. octanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-octanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by AADAT, GLYATL2One of 2 routes

• octanamideReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. N-octanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = octanamide + glyoxylate
  3. N-octanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = octanamide + glyoxylate

  Catalysed by AADAT, PAM

• (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienamideReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. N-(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienamide + glyoxylate
  3. N-(9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadecatrienamide + glyoxylate

  Catalysed by AADAT, PAM

• D-histidineReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. transport of methionine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. D-histidine(in) + L-ornithine(out) + H(+)(in) = D-histidine(out) + L-ornithine(in) + H(+)(out)

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A6, SLC25A2extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• L-homoarginineReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. transport of arginine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-homoarginine(in) + L-arginine(out) = L-homoarginine(out) + L-arginine(in)

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A6, SLC25A29extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• L-homocarnosineReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. transport of histidine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Formation of homocarnosine

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A6, CARNS1extracellular space, cytosol

• N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamideReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. 5-phospho-beta-D-ribosylamine + glycine + ATP = N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by AADAT, GART

• L-cystine-bis-glycineReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. L-cystine-bis-glycine + 2 H2O = L-cystine + 2 glycine

  Catalysed by AADAT, DPEP1, DPEP2

• indoxyl sulfateReach from here →
  1. 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + L-kynurenine = kynurenate + L-methionine + H2O
  2. kynurenate(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = kynurenate(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)
  3. indoxyl sulfate(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = indoxyl sulfate(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC22A8, SLC22A6inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• glycyldehydrophenylalanineReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. glycyldehydrophenylalanine + H2O = 2,3-didehydrophenylalanine + glycine

  Catalysed by AADAT, DPEP1

• 2-formamido-N(1)-(5-O-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)acetamidineReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. transport of glutamine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + L-glutamine + ATP + H2O = 2-formamido-N(1)-(5-O-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)acetamidine + L-glutamate + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A5, PFASextracellular space, cytosol

• kinetensinReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. transport of methionine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Chymase

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A5, CMA1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• an N-(fatty acyl)-glycineReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. a fatty acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-(fatty acyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by AADAT, GLYATL2

• N-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-glycineReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoA + glycine = N-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by AADAT, GLYATL2

• (7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)
  3. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase ((7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by AADAT, NAGS, CPT1A, CPT1C and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• acetaldehydeReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. transport of methionine and threonine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-threonine acetaldehyde-lyase (glycine-forming)

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:15345Reach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)
  3. Acetoacetate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AADAT, NAGS, AACSmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• cholineReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)
  3. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by AADAT, NAGS, CHATmitochondrial matrix, nucleusOne of 2 routes

• acetylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
  3. acetylpyruvate + H2O = acetate + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by AADAT, AGXT, AGXT2, FAHD1

• all-trans-retinoic acidReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
  3. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AADAT, AGXT, AGXT2, SLC16A4 and 5 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterinReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. transport of methionine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-tryptophan,tetrahydrobiopterin:oxygen oxidoreductase(5-hydroxylating)

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A5, TPH1, TPH2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:15380Reach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)
  3. 5-aminolevulinate synthase (2-amino-3-oxoadipate)

  Catalysed by AADAT, NAGS, ALAS1, CPNE7mitochondrial matrixOne of 8 routes

• CHEBI:15477Reach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)
  3. glycine N-acyltransferase (2-methylbutyryl-CoA)

  Catalysed by AADAT, NAGS, GLYAT, GLYATL2 and 1 moremitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 2-methylcrotonoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)
  3. Production of Tiglylcarnitine

  Catalysed by AADAT, NAGS, CPT1A, CPT1Bmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• isobutyryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxo-4-methyl-pentanoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by AADAT, NAGS, HADHA, ACAA2 and 1 moremitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 3-methylbut-2-enoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)
  3. glycine-N-acyltransferase (3-methylcrotonoylglycine)

  Catalysed by AADAT, NAGS, GLYATmitochondrial matrix

• isovaleryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)
  3. glycine N-acyltransferase (isovalerylglycine)

  Catalysed by AADAT, NAGS, GLYAT, GLYATL2 and 1 moremitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• arachidonoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)
  3. Arachidonate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AADAT, NAGS, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 11 routes

• CHEBI:15519Reach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)
  3. propanoyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by AADAT, NAGS, ACAA1, SCP2 and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• palmitoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)
  3. Palmitate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AADAT, NAGS, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 11 routes

• oleoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)
  3. Transport of octadecenoyl-CoA into Mitochondrial Matrix

  Catalysed by AADAT, NAGS, CPT1A, CPT1C and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 11 routes

• phenylacetyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)
  3. Phenylacetate:CoA ligase

  Catalysed by AADAT, NAGSmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• propionyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + glyoxylate = 2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  3. 2-oxobutyrate oxidation

  Catalysed by AADAT, AGXT2cytosolOne of 44 routes

• CHEBI:15570Reach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. transport of D-alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC3A2, SLC7A10extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• CHEBI:15611Reach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:glycine N-methyltransferase

  Catalysed by AADAT, GNMTcytosol

• 10-formyltetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2 = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + formate + 2 H(+)
  2. acireductone dioxygenase
  3. Formate:tetrahydrofolate ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by ADI1, MTHFD1cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterinReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. transport of methionine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tryptophan + O2 = 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A5, TPH1, TPH2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15650Reach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)
  3. N-acetyl-LTE4 to leukotriene E4 conversion

  Catalysed by AADAT, NAGS, ZDHHC11B, NAA10 and 30 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• trimethylenediamineReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. transport of lysine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. deoxyhypusine synthase (1,3-diaminopropane)

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A6, DHPSextracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:15727Reach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)
  3. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)

  Catalysed by AADAT, NAGS, NAA10mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15746Reach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)
  3. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermine)

  Catalysed by AADAT, NAGS, SAT1, SAT2mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15765Reach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. transport of methionine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Tyrosine,tetrahydrobiopterin:oxygen oxidoreductase (3-hydroxylating)

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A5, THextracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• malonateReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. glyoxylate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (S)-malate + CoA + H(+)
  3. malonate(out) + (S)-malate(in) = malonate(in) + (S)-malate(out)

  Catalysed by AADAT, CLYBL, SLC25A10inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• N-carbamoyl-L-aspartic acidReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. L-aspartate(in) + L-methionine(out) = L-aspartate(out) + L-methionine(in)
  3. carbamoyl-phosphate:L-aspartate carbamoyltransferase

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A13, CADinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphateReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. transport of glutamine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-glutamine:D-fructose-6-phosphate isomerase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC7A5, GFPT2, GFPT1extracellular space, cytosol

• thioredoxin dithiolReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. L-Methionine:tRNAMet ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. glycyl-tRNA(gly) phosphorylation

  Catalysed by AADAT, MARS1cytosolOne of 2 routes

• methanethiolReach from here →
  1. 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2 = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + formate + 2 H(+)
  2. acireductone dioxygenase
  3. leukotriene-B4 20-monooxygenase (3-(methylthio)propionic acid)

  Catalysed by ADI1cytosol

• homogentisateReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  3. 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate:oxygen oxidoreductase (hydroxylating,decarboxylating)

  Catalysed by AADAT, HPDcytosolOne of 2 routes