oxaloacetate

Two steps

• glyoxylateReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and OAA (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. glyoxylate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (S)-malate + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CLYBLmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (R)-lactic acidReach from here →
  1. Oxaloacetate Decarboxylase
  2. (R)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by FAHD1, LDHDcytosol

• (S)-lactic acidReach from here →
  1. Oxaloacetate Decarboxylase
  2. (S)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by FAHD1, LDHB, LDHAL6Bcytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• 2-iminopropanoateReach from here →
  1. Oxaloacetate Decarboxylase
  2. 2-iminopropanoate + H2O = pyruvate + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, RIDAcytosol

• N-acetyl-beta-neuraminic acidReach from here →
  1. Oxaloacetate Decarboxylase
  2. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, NPLcytosol

• taurineReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (taurodeoxycholate)

  Catalysed by CS, BAATmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• a 3-acylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. Oxaloacetate Decarboxylase
  2. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by FAHD1cytosol

• glycineReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)

  Catalysed by CS, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1mitochondrial matrixOne of 10 routes

• (S)-malyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and OAA (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. (S)-malate + ATP + CoA = (S)-malyl-CoA + ADP + phosphate

  Catalysed by SUCLG1, SUCLA2mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• (R)-methylmalonyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. aldehyde dehydrogenase (2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate)

  Catalysed by CS, ALDH6A1mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (S)-methylmalonyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by CSmitochondrial matrix

• 3'-dephospho-CoAReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. acid phosphatase 2, lysosomal (CoA)

  Catalysed by CS, ACP2mitochondrial matrix, lysosomeOne of 2 routes

• (2E)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. (2E)-dodecenoyl-CoA formation

  Catalysed by CSmitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 4,8,12-trimethyltridecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. propanoyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-ketopristanoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by CS, ACAA1, MYO5Bmitochondrial matrix, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• (6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (gamma-linolenate)

  Catalysed by CS, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• butanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. Butanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by CS, ACSM4, ACSM1, ACSM2A and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 9 routes

• dodecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (lauric acid)

  Catalysed by CS, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 9 routes

• glutaryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine

  Catalysed by CS, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• eicosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (eicosanoate)

  Catalysed by CS, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 12 routes

• itaconyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. Itaconate:CoA ligase (GDP-forming)

  Catalysed by CS, SUCLG1, SUCLG2, SUCLA2mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z)-octadecadienoic acid)

  Catalysed by CS, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 13 routes

• tetradecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)

  Catalysed by CS, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 5 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 11 routes

• octanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. Octanoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-octanoyltransferase

  Catalysed by CS, CROTmitochondrial matrixOne of 20 routes

• phytanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. phytanate-CoA ligase

  Catalysed by CSmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• octadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (stearate)

  Catalysed by CS, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 15 routes

• 2-(N(omega)-L-arginino)succinateReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. L-Citrulline:L-aspartate ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by GOT2, ASS1mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N(6)-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-AMPReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. IMP:L-aspartate ligase (GDP-forming)

  Catalysed by GOT2, ADSS2, ADSS1mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoateReach from here →
  1. Oxaloacetate Decarboxylase
  2. 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate + [thioredoxin]-dithiol = [thioredoxin]-disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by FAHD1, MPSTcytosol

• 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoateReach from here →
  1. Oxaloacetate Decarboxylase
  2. (R)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate + pyruvate = 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by FAHD1, AGXT2cytosol

• sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by CS, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• spermidineReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)

  Catalysed by CS, SAT1, SAT2mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• L-methionineReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. L-aspartate(in) + L-methionine(out) = L-aspartate(out) + L-methionine(in)

  Catalysed by GOT2, SLC7A13mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• L-tryptophanReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. L-tryptophan(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-tryptophan(in) + L-aspartate(out)

  Catalysed by GOT2, SLC7A13mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• beta-alanineReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. L-aspartate 1-carboxy-lyase (beta-alanine-forming)

  Catalysed by GOT2, GAD2mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-alanineReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate

  Catalysed by GOT2, AGXT2mitochondrial matrixOne of 20 routes

• L-asparagineReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. L-aspartate:L-glutamine amido-ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by GOT2, ASNSmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• N(4)-(beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-L-asparagineReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. N(4)-(beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-L-asparagine + H2O = N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylamine + L-aspartate + H(+)

  Catalysed by GOT2, AGAmitochondrial matrix

• L-phenylalanineReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. L-aspartate(in) + L-phenylalanine(out) = L-aspartate(out) + L-phenylalanine(in)

  Catalysed by GOT2, SLC7A13mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• L,L-cystathionineReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cystathionine)

  Catalysed by CS, NAGSmitochondrial matrix

• (2R)-2-phosphoglycerateReach from here →
  1. GTP:oxaloacetate carboxy-lyase (adding GTP
  2. 2-phospho-D-glycerate hydro-lyase (phosphoenolpyruvate-forming)

  Catalysed by PCK1, ENO1, ENO2, ENO3cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-tyrosineReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. L-tyrosine(out) + L-aspartate(in) = L-tyrosine(in) + L-aspartate(out)

  Catalysed by GOT2, SLC7A13mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginineReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + oxaloacetate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-aspartate

  Catalysed by GOT2, AGXT2mitochondrial matrixOne of 7 routes

• an acyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by CS, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• (2S)-2-[5-amino-1-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamido]succinateReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. 1-(5-Phosphoribosyl)-5-amino-4-carboxyimidazole:L-aspartate ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by GOT2, PAICSmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (3Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-5-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by CS, HADHA, ACAA2, HADHBmitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• (3S)-citramalyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Oxaloacetate Decarboxylase
  2. (3S)-citramalyl-CoA = pyruvate + acetyl-CoA

  Catalysed by FAHD1, CLYBLcytosol

• (25R)-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by CS, SLC27A2, SLC27A5mitochondrial matrix, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• 5-amino-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. Oxaloacetate Decarboxylase
  2. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by FAHD1, AGXT2cytosol

• deoxycholoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)
  2. cholate-CoA ligase (3alpha,12alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholanate)

  Catalysed by CS, SLC27A2, SLC27A5mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 3-sulfino-L-alanineReach from here →
  1. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  2. transport of 3-sulfinoalanine and aspartate (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by GOT2, SLC25A12, SLC25A13mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes