CHEBI:16108

Three steps

• alpha-linolenic acidReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. Utilized Transport

  Catalysed by GNPAT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bperoxisome, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 14 routes

• phenylacetylglycineReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. phenylacetyl-CoA:glycine N-phenylacetyltransferase

  Catalysed by GNPAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1peroxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• decanoateReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (decanoic acid)
  3. Decanoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by GNPAT, ACSM4, ACSM1, ACSM2A and 4 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• all-cis-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acidReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (DHA)
  3. (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by GNPAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 7 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 14 routes

• hexacosan-1-olReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cerotic acid)
  3. hexacosanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H(+) = hexacosan-1-ol + 2 NADP(+) + CoA

  Catalysed by GNPAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• CHEBI:28666Reach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. N-acetyl-LTE4 to leukotriene E4 conversion
  3. LTD4 hydrolysis

  Catalysed by GNPAT, ZDHHC11B, NAA10, ESCO2 and 29 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• O-decanoyl-(R)-carnitineReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (decanoic acid)
  3. decanoyl-CoA + (R)-carnitine = O-decanoyl-(R)-carnitine + CoA

  Catalysed by GNPAT, ACSM4, ACSM1, ACSM2A and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• pyridoxine 5'-phosphateReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)

  Catalysed by GNPAT, SCLYperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• N-acetyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)

  Catalysed by GNPAT, NAGSperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix

• K(+)Reach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)

  Catalysed by GNPAT, NAGS, SLC1A1peroxisome, mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• Cys-tRNA(Cys)Reach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. L-Cysteine:tRNA(Cys) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by GNPAT, NAGS, CARS1peroxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• Gly-tRNA(Gly)Reach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. glycine:tRNA(Gly) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by GNPAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• Asn-tRNA(Asn)Reach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-asparagine)
  3. L-Asparagine:tRNA(Asn) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by GNPAT, NAGS, NARS1peroxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• chlorine(.)Reach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. Carnitine Transport by Atb0

  Catalysed by GNPAT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 1 moreperoxisome, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 15 routes

• phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  3. phosphocholine + H2O = choline + phosphate

  Catalysed by GNPAT, CHAT, PHOSPHO1peroxisome, nucleusOne of 2 routes

• glycocholateReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. propanoyl-CoA C-acyltransferase
  3. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by GNPAT, ACAA1, SCP2, MYO5B and 1 moreperoxisomeOne of 5 routes

• cholateReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. propanoyl-CoA C-acyltransferase
  3. choloyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by GNPAT, ACAA1, SCP2, MYO5B and 1 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• glycolateReach from here →
  1. L-xylulose 1-phosphate glycolaldehyde-lyase (glycerone-phosphate-forming)
  2. L-xylulose 1-phosphate glycolaldehyde-lyase (glycerone-phosphate-forming)
  3. glycolaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by ALDOA, ALDOB, ALDOC, ALDH3A1 and 5 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• hydrogen sulfideReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating

  Catalysed by GNPAT, NAGS, CTHperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-aspartateReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate

  Catalysed by GNPAT, AGXT2peroxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 12 routes

• acetateReach from here →
  1. glycerone-phosphate phosphate-lyase (methylglyoxal-forming)
  2. 2-Oxopropanal:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  3. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z)-octadecadienoic acid)
  3. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoA + H2O = (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by GNPAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 9 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• 3-acetamidopropanalReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. N1,N12-diacetylspermine to N1-acetylspermine conversion
  3. N1-acetylspermine:oxygen oxidoreductase (3-acetamidopropanal-forming)

  Catalysed by GNPAT, PAOX, SMOXperoxisome, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• formic acidReach from here →
  1. glycerone-phosphate phosphate-lyase (methylglyoxal-forming)
  2. 2-Oxopropanal:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  3. transport of formate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7, SLC16A8 and 1 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• propionic acidReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. Propanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. Propanoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by GNPAT, ACSS3, ACSS2, ACSS1 and 1 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• citric acidReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. ATP citrate lyase (citrate)
  3. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)

  Catalysed by GNPAT, ACLY, CSperoxisome, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• butyric acidReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. Butanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. Butyryl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by GNPAT, ACSM4, ACSM1, ACSM2A and 4 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• tetradecanoateReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)
  3. Myristoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by GNPAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 10 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 14 routes

• (9Z)-octadecenoateReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. Utilized Transport

  Catalysed by GNPAT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bperoxisome, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 15 routes

• adipic acidReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. Activation of adipic acid for Formation of Adipoyl Carnitine
  3. Thioesterification of adipoyl-CoA for Release into Cytosol

  Catalysed by GNPAT, ACOT8peroxisome, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• 3-hydroxypyruvic acidReach from here →
  1. glycerone-phosphate phosphate-lyase (methylglyoxal-forming)
  2. 2-Oxopropanal:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  3. L-Serine:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by AGXTcytosolOne of 2 routes

• glutarateReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine
  3. glutaryl-CoA + H2O = glutarate + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by GNPAT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1B and 2 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutaric acidReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. ATP citrate lyase (citrate)
  3. D-aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by GNPAT, ACLY, GOT2peroxisome, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• docosan-1-olReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (behenic acid)
  3. docosanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H(+) = docosan-1-ol + 2 NADP(+) + CoA

  Catalysed by GNPAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• hexacosanoateReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cerotic acid)
  3. Hexacosanoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by GNPAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 7 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 14 routes

• tetracosanoateReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (lignocerate)
  3. Tetracosenoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by GNPAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 7 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 16 routes

• an N-acylsphinganineReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. sphingosine N-acyltransferase (sphinganine)

  Catalysed by GNPAT, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 7 moreperoxisome, Golgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• octadecan-1-olReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (stearate)
  3. octadecanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H(+) = octadecan-1-ol + 2 NADP(+) + CoA

  Catalysed by GNPAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosol

• eicosanoateReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (eicosanoate)
  3. Eicosanoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by GNPAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 8 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 16 routes

• (9Z)-hexadecenoateReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. Utilized Transport

  Catalysed by GNPAT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bperoxisome, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 20 routes

• (15Z)-tetracosenoateReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (nervonic acid)
  3. (15Z)-tetracosenoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by GNPAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 7 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 13 routes

• (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. Utilized Transport

  Catalysed by GNPAT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bperoxisome, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 16 routes

• (11Z)-eicosenoateReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-gondoic acid)
  3. (11Z)-eicosenoyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by GNPAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 8 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 13 routes

• putrescineReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. S-adenosyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)propylamine + putrescine = S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine + spermidine + H(+)

  Catalysed by GNPAT, SAT1, SAT2, SRMperoxisome, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• beta-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphateReach from here →
  1. Alkaline Phosphatase
  2. dihydroxyacetone + ATP = dihydroxyacetone phosphate + ADP + H(+)
  3. beta-D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate = D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + dihydroxyacetone phosphate

  Catalysed by ALPL, ALPP, ALPI, ALPG and 4 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• 3-oxopropanoateReach from here →
  1. glycerone-phosphate phosphate-lyase (methylglyoxal-forming)
  2. 2-Oxopropanal:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  3. 3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine = beta-alanine + pyruvate

  Catalysed by AGXT2cytosol

• 4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acidReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)
  3. L-Methionine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by GNPAT, NAGS, IL4I1peroxisome, mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• di-mu-sulfido-diiron(2+)Reach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)
  3. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S

  Catalysed by GNPAT, NAGS, NDUFAB1, FDXR and 5 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix

• 1-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. sn-Glycerol-3-phosphate:NAD+ 2-oxidoreductase
  2. glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase (arachidonyl-CoA)
  3. 1-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphate + H2O = 1-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycerol + phosphate

  Catalysed by GPD1, GPD1L, GPAT3, GPAT2 and 3 morecytosol

• D-cysteineReach from here →
  1. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. D-cysteine(out) + L-alanine(in) = D-cysteine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by GNPAT, SLC7A10peroxisome, mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes