L-phenylalanine

Three steps

• thiosulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of cysteine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Cysteine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  3. 3-mercaptopyruvate:sulfide sulfurtransferase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GOT2, GOT1, MPST and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• tetra-mu3-sulfido-tetrairon(2+)Reach from here →
  1. transport of cysteine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S
  3. Synthesis of 4Fe4S from 2Fe2S

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, NDUFAB1, FDXR, FXN and 10 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• serotoninReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of GSH and serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3extracellular space, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• 2-oxohexanoateReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Kynurenine
  2. 2-oxohexanoate + L-kynurenine = L-2-aminohexanoate + kynurenate + H2O
  3. 2-oxohexanoate + N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine = L-2-aminohexanoate + 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate

  Catalysed by SLC7A8, AADAT, AGXT2extracellular space, cytosol

• a 2-oxocarboxylateReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Kynurenine
  2. an L-alpha-amino acid(in) + L-kynurenine(out) = an L-alpha-amino acid(out) + L-kynurenine(in)
  3. an L-alpha-amino acid + O2 + H2O = a 2-oxocarboxylate + H2O2 + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A8, SLC7A11, IL4I1extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• an acylcholineReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. an acylcholine + H2O = a carboxylate + choline + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC5A7, BCHEextracellular space, cytosol

• fatty acidReach from here →
  1. L-phenylalanine + (9Z)-octadecenoate = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-L-phenylalanine + H2O
  2. L-phenylalanine + (9Z)-octadecenoate = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-L-phenylalanine + H2O
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by PM20D1cytosolOne of 8 routes

• L-alpha-aminobutyric acidReach from here →
  1. transport of phenylalanine and threonine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-threonine ammonia-lyase (2-oxobutanoate-forming)
  3. glutamic-pyruvic transaminase ((S)-2-aminobutanoate)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, SDS, SDSL, GPTextracellular space, cytosol

• taurocholateReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. solute carrier organic anion transporter (GSH)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3extracellular space, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• taurodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  2. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  3. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (taurodeoxycholate)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC6A6, BAATextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3-hydroxyanthranilateReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + H2O = 3-hydroxyanthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)
  3. 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + H2O = 3-hydroxyanthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, KYNUextracellular space, cytosol

• N-formylanthranilic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of phenylalanine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-tryptophan:oxygen 2,3-oxidoreductase (decyclizing)
  3. Formylkynurenine hydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, IDO1, TDO2, IDO2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 3-hydroxyisovaleric acidReach from here →
  1. transport of leucine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Leucine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  3. 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate decarboxylation

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BCAT2, ALOX12B, ALOXE3extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• CHEBI:37946Reach from here →
  1. L-dopa(out) + L-phenylalanine(in) = L-dopa(in) + L-phenylalanine(out)
  2. L-dopa + H(+) = dopamine + CO2
  3. aryl sulfotransferase (dopamine)

  Catalysed by SLC7A8, DDC, SULT1A3, SULT1A4 and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosol

• D-glucopyranose 6-phosphateReach from here →
  1. transport of glutamine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. HCO3-:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming, carbamate-phosphorylating)
  3. glucose-6-phosphatase (carbamoyl-phosphate)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, CAD, G6PC2extracellular space, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• (R)-lactic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. (R)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, AGXT2, LDHDextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• (S)-lactic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. (S)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, AGXT2, LDHB, LDHAL6Bextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 7 routes

• 25-hydroxycholesterolReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. cholesterol + AH2 + O2 = 25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOS, CH25Hextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-iminopropanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. 2-iminopropanoate + H2O = pyruvate + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, AGXT2, RIDAextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• phosphoenolpyruvic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, AGXT2, PKM, PKLRextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• N-acetyl-beta-neuraminic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, AGXT2, NPLextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• tert-butanolReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. tert-butyl hydroperoxide + 2 glutathione = tert-butanol + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GSS, CLIC2, GPX1 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-methyl-1-hydroxypropylthiamine diphosphateReach from here →
  1. transport of phenylalanine and valine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Valine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  3. branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase E1 (3-methyl-2-oxobutyrate)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BCAT2, BCKDHA, BCKDHBextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-oneReach from here →
  1. transport of methionine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  3. 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2 = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + formate + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, AADAT, ADI1extracellular space, cytosol

• all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinolReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOS, RETSATextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-glycerolReach from here →
  1. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + L-phenylalanine = N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-L-phenylalanine + H2O
  2. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + L-phenylalanine = N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-L-phenylalanine + H2O
  3. fatty acid amide hydrolase (2-arachidonoylglycerol)

  Catalysed by PM20D1, FAAHcytosol

• 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of GSH and triiodothyronine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3extracellular space, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• 1,2,3-tri-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerolReach from here →
  1. L-phenylalanine + (9Z)-octadecenoate = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-L-phenylalanine + H2O
  2. L-phenylalanine + (9Z)-octadecenoate = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-L-phenylalanine + H2O
  3. 1,2-di-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + (9Z)-octadecenoate + H(+) = 1,2,3-tri-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-glycerol + H2O

  Catalysed by PM20D1, DGAT1, LIPA, PNPLA4 and 2 more

• 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, MOCOS, DIO1, DIO3extracellular space, cytosol

• a 3-acylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, AGXT2, FAHD1extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• (R)-methylmalonyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. aldehyde dehydrogenase (2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BAAT, ALDH6A1extracellular space, cytosol, peroxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (S)-methylmalonyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BAATextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisome, mitochondrial matrix

• 3'-dephospho-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. acid phosphatase 2, lysosomal (CoA)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BAAT, ACP2extracellular space, cytosol, peroxisome, lysosomeOne of 2 routes

• (2E)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. (2E)-dodecenoyl-CoA formation

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BAATextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 4,8,12-trimethyltridecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. propanoyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-ketopristanoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BAAT, ACAA1, MYO5Bextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• (6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (gamma-linolenate)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 7 routes

• (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + L-phenylalanine = N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-L-phenylalanine + H2O
  2. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + L-phenylalanine = N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-L-phenylalanine + H2O
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + ATP + CoA = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate

  Catalysed by PM20D1, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 8 more

• benzoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Hippurate (Benzoylglycinate) Formation
  3. benzoyl-CoA + glycine = N-benzoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GLYATextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• butanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Butanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BAAT, ACSM4, ACSM1 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 11 routes

• dodecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (lauric acid)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 10 routes

• glutaryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BAAT, CPT1A, CPT1C and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• hexadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, GLYATL3extracellular space, cytosol

• eicosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (eicosanoate)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 12 routes

• itaconyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Itaconate:CoA ligase (GDP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BAAT, SUCLG1, SUCLG2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z)-octadecadienoic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 14 routes

• tetradecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 12 routes

• octanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Octanoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-octanoyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BAAT, CROTextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 21 routes

• (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-phenylalanine + (9Z)-octadecenoate = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-L-phenylalanine + H2O
  2. L-phenylalanine + (9Z)-octadecenoate = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-L-phenylalanine + H2O
  3. (9Z)-octadecenoate + ATP + CoA = (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate

  Catalysed by PM20D1, SLC27A2, ACSL3, ACSL1 and 5 more

• phytanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. phytanate-CoA ligase

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BAATextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 5 routes

• octadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (stearate)

  Catalysed by SLC7A5, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 5 moreextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 15 routes