(S)-malate

Two steps

• 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. Steryl-Sulfatase

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, STSmitochondrial matrix, cytosol, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (S)-malate + CoA + H(+)
  2. L-leucine + glyoxylate = 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by CLYBL, AADAT

• 3-phenylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (S)-malate + CoA + H(+)
  2. glyoxylate + L-phenylalanine = 3-phenylpyruvate + glycine

  Catalysed by CLYBL, AADAT

• thiocyanateReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and thiosulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. thiosulfate:cyanide sulfurtranserase

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, MPST, TSTmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 4-fumarylacetoacetateReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate hydro-lyase (fumarate-forming)
  2. 4-fumarylacetoacetate + H2O = acetoacetate + fumarate + H(+)

  Catalysed by FH, FAHcytosol

• dTDPReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
  2. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)

  Catalysed by ME2, ME3, PKM, PKLRmitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• hydrogen cyanideReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfite (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. thiosulfate:cyanide sulfurtranserase

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, MPST, TSTmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and OAA (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + oxaloacetate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-aspartate

  Catalysed by AGXT2mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
  2. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by ME2, ME3, AGXT2mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 5-(3-methylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
  2. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3-methylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by ME2, ME3, AGXT2mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• folic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. Folate Transport by Oats

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, SLC22A8, SLC22A7mitochondrial matrix, cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• a dicarboxylateReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. a dicarboxylate(in) + sulfate(out) = a dicarboxylate(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, SLC25A35, SLC25A34mitochondrial matrix, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• chlorine(.)Reach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, SLC26A6mitochondrial matrix, cytosol, extracellular space

• glycolateReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (S)-malate + CoA + H(+)
  2. glycolate + NADP(+) = glyoxylate + NADPH + H(+)

  Catalysed by CLYBL, GRHPR

• hydrogen sulfideReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and thiosulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. 3alpha-hydroxysteroid 3-dehydrogenase (Si-specific) (H2S2O3)

  Catalysed by SLC25A10mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• D-aspartateReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. D-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = D-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, SLC25A14, SLC25A30mitochondrial matrix, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• L-aspartateReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and OAA (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. L-Aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by GOT2mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• acetateReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ME2, ME3, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• oxalateReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. oxalate(in) + sulfate(out) = oxalate(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, SLC25A14, SLC26A2, SLC25A30 and 2 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 3 routes

• formic acidReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
  2. transport of formate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ME2, ME3, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• propionic acidReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
  2. transport of propanoate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ME2, ME3, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• butyric acidReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
  2. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by ME2, ME3, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 moremitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• maleateReach from here →
  1. Citrate Transport, Mitochondrial
  2. maleate(in) + citrate(out) = maleate(out) + citrate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC25A1mitochondrial matrix, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• malonic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. transport of malonate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by SLC25A10mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 3-hydroxypyruvic acidReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
  2. L-Serine:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by ME2, ME3, AGXTmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (S)-dihydroorotateReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate + a quinone = enol-oxaloacetate + a quinol
  2. (S)-dihydroorotate + a quinone = orotate + a quinol

  Catalysed by SDHB, SDHA, DHODH

• 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutaric acidReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and OAA (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. D-aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by GOT2mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• (2R,3R)-tartrateReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. (2R,3R)-tartrate(in) + sulfate(out) = (2R,3R)-tartrate(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, SLC25A14, SLC25A30mitochondrial matrix, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• (S,S)-tartrateReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. (S,S)-tartrate(in) + sulfate(out) = (S,S)-tartrate(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, SLC25A14, SLC25A30mitochondrial matrix, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• (3R)-citramalateReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. (3R)-citramalate(in) + sulfate(out) = (3R)-citramalate(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, SLC25A14, SLC25A30mitochondrial matrix, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• (3S)-citramalateReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. (3S)-citramalate(in) + sulfate(out) = (3S)-citramalate(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, SLC25A14, SLC25A30mitochondrial matrix, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 3-oxopropanoateReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
  2. 3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine = beta-alanine + pyruvate

  Catalysed by ME2, ME3, AGXT2mitochondrial matrix

• D-serineReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
  2. D-serine = pyruvate + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by ME2, ME3, SRRmitochondrial matrix

• 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvateReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (S)-malate + CoA + H(+)
  2. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine

  Catalysed by CLYBL, AADAT

• (R)-lactic acidReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
  2. (R)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by ME2, ME3, LDHDmitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• (S)-lactic acidReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
  2. (S)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by ME2, ME3, LDHB, LDHAL6Bmitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• 2-iminopropanoateReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
  2. 2-iminopropanoate + H2O = pyruvate + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by ME2, ME3, RIDAmitochondrial matrix

• phosphoenolpyruvic acidReach from here →
  1. Citrate Transport, Mitochondrial
  2. transport of citrate and PEP (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by SLC25A1mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 9 routes

• N-acetyl-beta-neuraminic acidReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
  2. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)

  Catalysed by ME2, ME3, NPLmitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-1,4-dihydronicotinamideReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate + a quinone = enol-oxaloacetate + a quinol
  2. 1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-1,4-dihydronicotinamide + a quinone + H(+) = beta-nicotinamide D-riboside + a quinol

  Catalysed by SDHB, SDHA, NQO2

• a 3-acylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
  2. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ME2, ME3, FAHD1mitochondrial matrix

• glycineReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (S)-malate + CoA + H(+)
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate

  Catalysed by CLYBL, AADATOne of 15 routes

• 2-(N(omega)-L-arginino)succinateReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate hydro-lyase (fumarate-forming)
  2. 2-(Nomega-L-arginino)succinate arginine-lyase (fumarate-forming)

  Catalysed by FH, ASLcytosolOne of 2 routes

• 2-oxoadipateReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (S)-malate + CoA + H(+)
  2. L-2-aminoadipate + glyoxylate = 2-oxoadipate + glycine

  Catalysed by CLYBL, AADAT

• N(6)-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-AMPReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate hydro-lyase (fumarate-forming)
  2. N6-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)AMP AMP-lyase (fumarate-forming)

  Catalysed by FH, ADSL, TNRC6BcytosolOne of 2 routes

• 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoateReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
  2. 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate + [thioredoxin]-dithiol = [thioredoxin]-disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ME2, ME3, MPSTmitochondrial matrix

• 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoateReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
  2. (R)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate + pyruvate = 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by ME2, ME3, AGXT2mitochondrial matrix

• L-methionineReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
  2. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O

  Catalysed by ME2, ME3, TYW1B, TYW1mitochondrial matrix

• N-sulfo-D-glucosamineReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. N-sulfo-D-glucosamine + H2O = D-glucosamine + sulfate

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, SGSHmitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate + H2O = 3beta-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one + sulfate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, STSmitochondrial matrix, cytosol