an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine

Three steps

• a thioesterReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. an S-substituted L-cysteine + H2O = a thiol + pyruvate + NH4(+)
  3. a thioester + H2O = a thiol + a carboxylate + H(+)

  Catalysed by LAP3, KYAT1, KYAT3, PNKD

• 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of GSH and triiodothyronine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by LAP3, GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• a 3-acylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. an S-substituted L-cysteine + H2O = a thiol + pyruvate + NH4(+)
  3. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by LAP3, KYAT1, KYAT3, FAHD1

• (R)-methylmalonyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. aldehyde dehydrogenase (2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate)

  Catalysed by LAP3, BAAT, ALDH6A1peroxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (S)-methylmalonyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by LAP3, BAATperoxisome, mitochondrial matrix

• 3'-dephospho-CoAReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. acid phosphatase 2, lysosomal (CoA)

  Catalysed by LAP3, BAAT, ACP2peroxisome, lysosomeOne of 2 routes

• (2E)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. (2E)-dodecenoyl-CoA formation

  Catalysed by LAP3, BAATperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 4,8,12-trimethyltridecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. propanoyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-ketopristanoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by LAP3, BAAT, ACAA1, MYO5BperoxisomeOne of 2 routes

• (6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (gamma-linolenate)

  Catalysed by LAP3, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• benzoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. Hippurate (Benzoylglycinate) Formation
  3. benzoyl-CoA + glycine = N-benzoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by LAP3, GLYATmitochondrial matrix

• butanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Butanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by LAP3, BAAT, ACSM4, ACSM1 and 4 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 9 routes

• dodecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (lauric acid)

  Catalysed by LAP3, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 10 routes

• glutaryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Production of Glutaryl Carnitine

  Catalysed by LAP3, BAAT, CPT1A, CPT1C and 1 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• hexadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. hexadecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-hexadecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by LAP3, GLYATL3

• eicosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (eicosanoate)

  Catalysed by LAP3, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 12 routes

• itaconyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Itaconate:CoA ligase (GDP-forming)

  Catalysed by LAP3, BAAT, SUCLG1, SUCLG2 and 1 moreperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z)-octadecadienoic acid)

  Catalysed by LAP3, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 14 routes

• tetradecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)

  Catalysed by LAP3, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 12 routes

• octanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. Octanoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-octanoyltransferase

  Catalysed by LAP3, BAAT, CROTperoxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 21 routes

• phytanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. phytanate-CoA ligase

  Catalysed by LAP3, BAATperoxisome, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• octadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (stearate)

  Catalysed by LAP3, BAAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 5 moreperoxisome, cytosolOne of 15 routes

• prostaglandin E1Reach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of GSH and prostaglandin E1 (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by LAP3, GSS, SLCO2A1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• prostaglandin I2Reach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of GSH and prostaglandin I2 (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by LAP3, GSS, SLCO2A1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• prostaglandin F2alphaReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of GSH and prostaglandin F2alpha (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by LAP3, GSS, SLCO2A1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• prostaglandin H2Reach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of GSH and prostaglandin H2 (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by LAP3, GSS, SLCO2A1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• prostaglandin D2Reach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of GSH and prostaglandin D2 (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by LAP3, GSS, SLCO2A1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• (15S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. Glutathione: 15-HPETE oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by LAP3, GSS, GPX5, GPX1 and 7 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• D-alanineReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. transport of alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. D-alanine(out) + L-alanine(in) = D-alanine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by LAP3, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 7,8-dihydrofolateReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase
  3. 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by LAP3, SHMT1, DHFR, DHFR2cytosolOne of 3 routes

• 5-formimidoyltetrahydrofolateReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase
  3. 5-Formiminotetrahydrofolate:L-glutamate N-formiminotransferase

  Catalysed by LAP3, SHMT1, FTCDcytosolOne of 2 routes

• leukotriene A4Reach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of GSH and leukotriene A4 (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by LAP3, GSS, SLCO2A1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• 2-(N(omega)-L-arginino)succinateReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 2-(Nomega-L-arginino)succinate arginine-lyase (fumarate-forming)

  Catalysed by LAP3, SLC7A6, ASLextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• (R)-S-lactoylglutathioneReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione methylglyoxal-lyase (isomerizing)

  Catalysed by LAP3, GSS, GLO1, GLOD4cytosolOne of 3 routes

• 4-guanidinobutanoateReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 4-aminobutanoate + L-arginine = 4-guanidinobutanoate + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by LAP3, SLC7A6, GATMextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-oxoadipateReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. L-2-aminoadipate + glyoxylate = 2-oxoadipate + glycine

  Catalysed by LAP3, AADAT

• L-dopaReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. transport of glycine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-dopa(out) + L-phenylalanine(in) = L-dopa(in) + L-phenylalanine(out)

  Catalysed by LAP3, SLC7A5, SLC7A8extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 3 routes

• 3-guanidinopropanoateReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. beta-alanine + L-arginine = 3-guanidinopropanoate + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by LAP3, SLC7A6, GATMextracellular space, cytosol

• L-histidineReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. L-histidine(in) + L-ornithine(out) + H(+)(in) = L-histidine(out) + L-ornithine(in) + H(+)(out)

  Catalysed by LAP3, GATM, SLC25A2cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 7 routes

• D-ornithineReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. D-ornithine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-ornithine(out) + L-ornithine(in)

  Catalysed by LAP3, GATM, SLC25A2cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoateReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. transport of cysteine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Cysteine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by LAP3, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A8 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• S-formylglutathioneReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. alcohol dehydrogenase (formaldehyde)

  Catalysed by LAP3, GSS, ADH1C, ADH1A and 4 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoateReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. an S-substituted L-cysteine + H2O = a thiol + pyruvate + NH4(+)
  3. (R)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate + pyruvate = 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by LAP3, KYAT1, KYAT3, AGXT2

• sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by LAP3, BAAT, ASAH1, ACER2 and 2 moreperoxisome, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• D-threonineReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. transport of alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. D-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = D-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by LAP3, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• spermidineReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)

  Catalysed by LAP3, BAAT, SAT1, SAT2peroxisome, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• L-dopaquinoneReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. transport of glycine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Tyrosine,L-dopa:oxygen oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by LAP3, SLC7A5, TYRextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-threonineReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. transport of alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by LAP3, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 8 routes

• L-saccharopineReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. transport of glycine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N6-(L-1,3-Dicarboxypropyl)-L-lysine:NADP+ oxidoreductase (L-lysine-forming)

  Catalysed by LAP3, SLC7A6, AASSextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. transport of alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-kynurenine + H2O = anthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by LAP3, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• beta-alanineReach from here →
  1. an S-substituted L-cysteinylglycine + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + glycine
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of beta-alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by LAP3, SLC6A9, SLC6A14, SLC6A6extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes