N(8)-acetylspermidine

Three steps

• cholineReach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2, CHATcytosol, nucleus

• CHEBI:15380Reach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. 5-aminolevulinate synthase (2-amino-3-oxoadipate)

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2, ALAS1, CPNE7cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 8 routes

• CHEBI:15477Reach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. glycine N-acyltransferase (2-methylbutyryl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2, GLYAT, GLYATL2 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 2-methylcrotonoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. Production of Tiglylcarnitine

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2, CPT1A, CPT1BcytosolOne of 2 routes

• isobutyryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxo-4-methyl-pentanoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2, HADHA, ACAA2 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 3-methylbut-2-enoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. glycine-N-acyltransferase (3-methylcrotonoylglycine)

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2, GLYATcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• isovaleryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. glycine N-acyltransferase (isovalerylglycine)

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2, GLYAT, GLYATL2 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• arachidonoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. Arachidonate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 morecytosolOne of 11 routes

• CHEBI:15519Reach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. propanoyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2, ACAA1, SCP2 and 1 morecytosol, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• palmitoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. Palmitate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 morecytosolOne of 11 routes

• oleoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. Transport of octadecenoyl-CoA into Mitochondrial Matrix

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2, CPT1A, CPT1C and 1 morecytosolOne of 11 routes

• phenylacetyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. Phenylacetate:CoA ligase

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2cytosolOne of 3 routes

• propionyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. Propanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2, ACSS3, ACSS2 and 1 morecytosolOne of 46 routes

• (S)-malateReach from here →
  1. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (S)-malate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 10-formyltetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Formate:tetrahydrofolate ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15650Reach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. N-acetyl-LTE4 to leukotriene E4 conversion

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2, ZDHHC11B, NAA10 and 30 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15727Reach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2, NAA10cytosol

• alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphateReach from here →
  1. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate
  2. N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + H2O = D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + acetate
  3. N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine-6-phosphate amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by HDAC10, AMDHD2, CEMP1cytosol

• 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoic acidReach from here →
  1. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 11-cis-retinolReach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2, DGAT1, LRAT and 3 morecytosol

• (17R,20S)-17,20-dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-oneReach from here →
  1. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate
  2. cytochrome P450 (17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone)
  3. (17R,20S)-17,20-dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one + NAD(+) = 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone + NADH + H(+)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, CYP17A1, AKR1C1endoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

• androst-4-ene-3,17-dioneReach from here →
  1. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate
  2. cytochrome P450 (17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone)
  3. cytochrome P450 (17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, CYP17A1endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• oxaloacetateReach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. ATP citrate lyase (citrate)

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2, ACLYcytosolOne of 4 routes

• L-arginineReach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. Transport by Y+Lat-2 into Extracellular Space

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2, SLC3A2, SLC7A6cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• (S)-lactateReach from here →
  1. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 7 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• adenineReach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. S-adenosylmethioninamine:spermidine 3-aminopropyltransferase
  3. S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine:phosphate S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribosyl-transferase

  Catalysed by SRM, SMS, MTAPcytosolOne of 2 routes

• 2-oxobutanoateReach from here →
  1. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate
  2. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and acetate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 2-hydroxybutyrate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7 and 5 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 2-oxoglutaramateReach from here →
  1. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Glutamine:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3-fumarylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 3-fumarylpyruvate + H2O = fumarate + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• ferrocytochrome cReach from here →
  1. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and L-lactate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (S)-Lactate:ferricytochrome-c 2-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 3-hydroxypyruvateReach from here →
  1. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-serine + pyruvate = 3-hydroxypyruvate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 4-methylumbelliferoneReach from here →
  1. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate
  2. 4-methylumbelliferyl acetate + H2O = 4-methylumbelliferone + acetate + H(+)
  3. 4-methylumbelliferyl acetate + H2O = 4-methylumbelliferone + acetate + H(+)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, CES2, ESD, CES1

• anilineReach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. Acetyl-CoA:arylamine N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2, NAT2, NAT1cytosol

• aceneuramateReach from here →
  1. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. aceneuramate = aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine + pyruvate

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:17312Reach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. S-adenosylmethioninamine:spermidine 3-aminopropyltransferase
  3. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermine)

  Catalysed by SRM, SMS, SAT1, SAT2cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 5'-deoxyadenosineReach from here →
  1. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2, NAGScytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• (7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:3->C16:3), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2, HADHA, ACADVL and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• urateReach from here →
  1. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and L-lactate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of L-lactate and urate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• all-trans-retinalReach from here →
  1. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. retinoate reduction

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7extracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:18019Reach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. deoxyhypusine synthase (1,3-diaminopropane)
  3. deoxyhypusine synthase (1,3-diaminopropane)

  Catalysed by DHPScytosol

• 4-fumarylacetoacetateReach from here →
  1. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and acetoacetate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 4-fumarylacetoacetate + H2O = acetoacetate + fumarate + H(+)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A6 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• dTDPReach from here →
  1. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• spermine monoaldehydeReach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. S-adenosylmethioninamine:spermidine 3-aminopropyltransferase
  3. primary-amine oxidase (spermine)

  Catalysed by SRM, SMS, AOC2, AOC1 and 1 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 5-(3-methylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3-methylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• (5Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-7-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2, HADHA, ACAA2 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (11Z)-docosenoyl-CoA(4-)Reach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-cetoleic acid)

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 morecytosolOne of 5 routes

• (7Z)-tetradecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((7Z)-tetradecenoic acid)

  Catalysed by SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 morecytosolOne of 8 routes