N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine

Three steps

• dimethylamineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. Nomega,Nomega'-dimethyl-L-arginine dimethylamidohydrolase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, DDAH1cytosolOne of 2 routes

• taurocyamineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, GATMextracellular space, cytosol

• L-glutamate 5-semialdehydeReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, OATextracellular space, cytosol

• N(4)-(beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-L-asparagineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate
  3. N(4)-(beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-L-asparagine + H2O = N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylamine + L-aspartate + H(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, AGA

• porphobilinogenReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. succinyl-CoA:glycine C-succinyltransferase (decarboxylating)
  3. 5-aminolevulinate hydro-lyase (adding 5-aminolevulinate and cyclizing

  Catalysed by AGXT2, ALAS1, ALAS2, CPNE7 and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L,L-cystathionineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cystathionine)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, NAGSmitochondrial matrix

• gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-glutamate:L-cysteine gamma-ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, GCLC, GCLMextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 6-amino-2-oxohexanoateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-lysine:oxygen 2-oxidoreductase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosol, peroxisome

• L-homocysteineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, BHMT2extracellular space, cytosol

• carbamoyl phosphateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. HCO3-:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming, carbamate-phosphorylating)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• N,N-dimethylglycineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2
  3. (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolyl-(gamma-L-Glu)(n) + N,N-dimethylglycine + oxidized [electron-transfer flavoprotein] + H(+) = (6R)-5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolyl-(gamma-L-Glu)(n) + sarcosine + reduced [electron-transfer flavoprotein]

  Catalysed by AGXT2, PIPOX, DMGDH

• S-methyl-L-methionineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, BHMT2extracellular space, cytosol

• glutathione disulfideReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. Transport of L-Cystine (L-Alanine antiport) by B0, +At Transporter
  3. cystine to cysteine conversion

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A9, SLC3A1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 36 routes

• taurolithocholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of GSH and sulfotaurolithocholate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• an acyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• 5-oxo-L-prolineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. glutathione = L-cysteinylglycine + 5-oxo-L-proline

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GSS, CHAC2, CHAC1

• histamineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and histidine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-histidine carboxy-lyase (histamine-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, HDCextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• L-2-aminopentanoateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-kynurenine + H2O = anthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)
  3. 2-oxopentanoate + L-kynurenine = L-2-aminopentanoate + kynurenate + H2O

  Catalysed by AGXT2, KYNU, AADATOne of 2 routes

• (2S)-2-[5-amino-1-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamido]succinateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate
  3. 1-(5-Phosphoribosyl)-5-amino-4-carboxyimidazole:L-aspartate ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, PAICScytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-thyroxineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of GSH and thyroxine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• kynurenateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  3. L-kynurenine + glyoxylate = kynurenate + glycine + H2O

  Catalysed by AGXT2, KYAT3, AADATOne of 14 routes

• L-2-aminohexanoateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-kynurenine + H2O = anthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)
  3. 2-oxohexanoate + L-kynurenine = L-2-aminohexanoate + kynurenate + H2O

  Catalysed by AGXT2, KYNU, AADATOne of 2 routes

• 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamideReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase
  3. phosphoribosylaminoimidazolecarboxamide formyltransferase (10-formyl-THF)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SHMT1, ATICcytosol

• 5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-arginine + O2 + H2O = 5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoate + H2O2 + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, IL4I1extracellular space, cytosol

• (3Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-5-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, HADHA, ACAA2, HADHBmitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• S-sulfanyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 2 L-cysteine = S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-alanine

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, CARS2extracellular space, cytosol

• N-formyl-L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-tryptophan + O2 = N-formyl-L-kynurenine

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, IDO1, TDO2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (3S)-citramalyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. (3S)-citramalyl-CoA = pyruvate + acetyl-CoA

  Catalysed by AGXT2, CLYBL

• L-2-aminoadipateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-kynurenine + H2O = anthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)
  3. 2-oxoadipate + L-kynurenine = L-2-aminoadipate + kynurenate + H2O

  Catalysed by AGXT2, KYNU, AADAT

• (25R)-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC27A2, SLC27A5mitochondrial matrix, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• 5-phospho-beta-D-ribosylamineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase (glutamine)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• D-glucosamine 6-phosphateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. D-fructose 6-phosphate + L-glutamine = D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + L-glutamate

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• L-methionine (S)-S-oxideReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. [thioredoxin]-disulfide + L-methionine + H2O = L-methionine (S)-S-oxide + [thioredoxin]-dithiol

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, MSRAextracellular space, cytosol

• L-methionine (R)-S-oxideReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. [thioredoxin]-disulfide + L-methionine + H2O = L-methionine (R)-S-oxide + [thioredoxin]-dithiol

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, MSRB3, MSRB1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 5-amino-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by AGXT2One of 4 routes

• deoxycholoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. cholate-CoA ligase (3alpha,12alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholanate)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC27A2, SLC27A5mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• S-sulfanylglutathioneReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. Sulfide:glutathione,quinone oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GSS, SQORcytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• methylamineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3-methylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine + H2O = L-citrulline + methylamine

  Catalysed by AGXT2, DDAH1

• N-[(R)-4-phosphopantothenoyl]-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (R)-4'-phosphopantothenate:L-cysteine ligase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, PPCSextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• monodehydro-L-ascorbate radicalReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + glycine = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)glycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)glycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GLYATL3, GLYATL2, PAMOne of 5 routes

• (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterinReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine
  3. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine

  Catalysed by AGXT2, AADAT, PAH

• pyridoxal 5'-phosphateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)
  3. pyridoxine 5'-phosphate + O2 = pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + H2O2

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SCLY, PNPOcytosol

• an L-alpha-amino acidReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-kynurenine + H2O = anthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)
  3. an L-alpha-amino acid(in) + L-kynurenine(out) = an L-alpha-amino acid(out) + L-kynurenine(in)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, KYNU, SLC7A11inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 4-aminobutanoateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of 4-aminobutyrate and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC6A14, SLC6A12extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 3-iodo-L-tyrosineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. thyroid peroxidase (iodine)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, TPOextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• dopamineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of dopamine and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• glycolithocholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (glycine)
  3. sulfotransferase (glycolithocholate)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, BAAT, SULT2A1cytosolOne of 3 routes

• prostaglandin E2Reach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of GSH and prostaglandin E2 (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• 3-sulfino-L-alanineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Cysteine:oxygen oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, CDO1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• decanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (decanoic acid)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, ACSM4, ACSM1, ACSM2A and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 8 routes