AH2

Three steps

• glutathioneReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SCLY, AGXT, AGXT2, GSSmitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• L-saccharopineReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N6-(L-1,3-Dicarboxypropyl)-L-lysine:NADP+ oxidoreductase (L-lysine-forming)

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC7A6, AASSextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• leukotriene C4Reach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. leukotriene C4 hydrolysis

  Catalysed by SCLY, AGXT, AGXT2mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• dimethylamineReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. Nomega,Nomega'-dimethyl-L-arginine dimethylamidohydrolase

  Catalysed by SCLY, AGXT2, DDAH1cytosolOne of 2 routes

• taurocyamineReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC7A6, GATMextracellular space, cytosol

• L-glutamate 5-semialdehydeReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC7A6, OATextracellular space, cytosol

• N(4)-(beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-L-asparagineReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate
  3. N(4)-(beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-L-asparagine + H2O = N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylamine + L-aspartate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SCLY, AGXT2, AGA

• glycerol 2-phosphateReach from here →
  1. 2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + AH2 + O2 = 2-[(11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + A + H2O
  2. 2-[(11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl]-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = (11R)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine + H(+)
  3. Glycerophosphocholine Phosphodiesterase

  Catalysed by PTGS2, PLA2G4A, GPCPD1cytosol

• L,L-cystathionineReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cystathionine)

  Catalysed by SCLY, NAGSmitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. L-glutamate:L-cysteine gamma-ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by AIFM1, PYROXD1, MOCOS, GCLC and 1 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• 6-amino-2-oxohexanoateReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-lysine:oxygen 2-oxidoreductase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosol, peroxisome

• carbamoyl phosphateReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. HCO3-:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming, carbamate-phosphorylating)

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• adenosine 5'-phosphosulfateReach from here →
  1. 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine sulfate + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine sulfate + AH2
  2. Steryl-Sulfatase
  3. ATP:sulfate adenylyltransferase

  Catalysed by DIO1, STS, PAPSS1, PAPSS2Golgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• N,N-dimethylglycineReach from here →
  1. N(6)-dimethylallyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-SH + AH2 + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-methylsulfanyl-N(6)-dimethylallyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-H + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+)
  2. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)
  3. L-homocysteine + glycine betaine = N,N-dimethylglycine + L-methionine

  Catalysed by CDK5RAP1, BHMT2, BHMT

• glutathione disulfideReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. Transport of L-Cystine (L-Alanine antiport) by B0, +At Transporter
  3. cystine to cysteine conversion

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC7A9, SLC3A1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 16 routes

• taurolithocholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2
  2. transport of GSH and triiodothyronine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of GSH and sulfotaurolithocholate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO2, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• L-tyrosineReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine

  Catalysed by SCLY, AGXT, AGXT2, AADATmitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• an acyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by SCLY, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, Golgi apparatusOne of 2 routes

• histamineReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and histidine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-histidine carboxy-lyase (histamine-forming)

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC7A6, HDCextracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• L-2-aminopentanoateReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. L-kynurenine + H2O = anthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)
  3. 2-oxopentanoate + L-kynurenine = L-2-aminopentanoate + kynurenate + H2O

  Catalysed by SCLY, KYNU, AADATOne of 2 routes

• (2S)-2-[5-amino-1-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamido]succinateReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate
  3. 1-(5-Phosphoribosyl)-5-amino-4-carboxyimidazole:L-aspartate ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by SCLY, AGXT2, PAICScytosolOne of 2 routes

• kynurenateReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. L-kynurenine + H2O = anthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)
  3. Kynurenine-Oxoglutarate Transaminase

  Catalysed by SCLY, KYNU, KYAT3, AADATmitochondrial matrixOne of 14 routes

• L-2-aminohexanoateReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. L-kynurenine + H2O = anthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)
  3. 2-oxohexanoate + L-kynurenine = L-2-aminohexanoate + kynurenate + H2O

  Catalysed by SCLY, KYNU, AADATOne of 2 routes

• 5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-arginine + O2 + H2O = 5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoate + H2O2 + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC7A6, IL4I1extracellular space, cytosol

• (3Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-5-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SCLY, HADHA, ACAA2, HADHBmitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• S-sulfanyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 2 L-cysteine = S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-alanine

  Catalysed by AIFM1, PYROXD1, MOCOS, CARS2

• N-formyl-L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-tryptophan + O2 = N-formyl-L-kynurenine

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC7A5, IDO1, TDO2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (3S)-citramalyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. (3S)-citramalyl-CoA = pyruvate + acetyl-CoA

  Catalysed by SCLY, AGXT2, CLYBLmitochondrial matrix

• L-2-aminoadipateReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. L-kynurenine + H2O = anthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)
  3. 2-oxoadipate + L-kynurenine = L-2-aminoadipate + kynurenate + H2O

  Catalysed by SCLY, KYNU, AADAT

• (25R)-3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestan-26-oyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. 3alpha,7alpha,12alpha-trihydroxy-5beta-cholestanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC27A2, SLC27A5mitochondrial matrix, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 3 routes

• 5-phospho-beta-D-ribosylamineReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase (glutamine)

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• phosphoenolpyruvateReach from here →
  1. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  2. (R)-malate + A = oxaloacetate + AH2
  3. oxaloacetate + GTP = phosphoenolpyruvate + GDP + CO2

  Catalysed by AIFM1, PYROXD1, D2HGDH, PCK1 and 1 more

• D-glucosamine 6-phosphateReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. D-fructose 6-phosphate + L-glutamine = D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + L-glutamate

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 5-amino-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by SCLY, AGXT2mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• deoxycholoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. cholate-CoA ligase (3alpha,12alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-cholanate)

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC27A2, SLC27A5mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• S-sulfanylglutathioneReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2
  2. transport of GSH and triiodothyronine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Sulfide:glutathione,quinone oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO2, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycineReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + glycine = N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SCLY, AGXT, AGXT2, GLYATL2mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• methylamineReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3-methylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine + H2O = L-citrulline + methylamine

  Catalysed by SCLY, AGXT2, DDAH1

• N-[(R)-4-phosphopantothenoyl]-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. (R)-4'-phosphopantothenate:L-cysteine ligase

  Catalysed by AIFM1, PYROXD1, MOCOS, PPCScytosolOne of 4 routes

• pyridoxal 5'-phosphateReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)
  3. pyridoxine 5'-phosphate + O2 = pyridoxal 5'-phosphate + H2O2

  Catalysed by SCLY, PNPOcytosol

• an L-alpha-amino acidReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. L-kynurenine + H2O = anthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)
  3. an L-alpha-amino acid(in) + L-kynurenine(out) = an L-alpha-amino acid(out) + L-kynurenine(in)

  Catalysed by SCLY, KYNU, SLC7A11inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 4-aminobutanoateReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of 4-aminobutyrate and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC6A14, SLC6A12extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 3-iodo-L-tyrosineReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. transport of alanine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. thyroid peroxidase (iodine)

  Catalysed by SCLY, SLC7A5, TPOextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• dopamineReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2
  2. transport of GSH and triiodothyronine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of dopamine and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO2, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• (2S)-2-phospholactateReach from here →
  1. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + AH2 + 2 O2 = prostaglandin H2 + A + H2O
  2. prostaglandin H2(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = prostaglandin H2(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)
  3. (2S)-2-phospholactate + H2O = (S)-lactate + phosphate

  Catalysed by PTGS1, PTGS2, SLCO2A1, PGPinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• glycolithocholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2
  2. transport of GSH and triiodothyronine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of GSH and sulfoglycolithocholate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO2, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• estrone 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2
  2. transport of S-glutathionyl-2-4-dinitrobenzene (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of estrone 3-sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DIO1, DIO2, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• N-benzoylglycineReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. L-Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase
  3. Hippurate (Benzoylglycinate) Formation

  Catalysed by SCLY, AGXT, AGXT2mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 3-sulfino-L-alanineReach from here →
  1. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. L-Cysteine:oxygen oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by AIFM1, PYROXD1, MOCOS, CDO1cytosolOne of 6 routes

• decanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. medium-chain acyl-CoA ligase (decanoic acid)

  Catalysed by SCLY, ACSM4, ACSM1, ACSM2A and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 7 routes