sulfate

Three steps

• cholesteryl (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. Steryl-Sulfatase
  2. Cholesterol-sulfate sulfohydrolase
  3. Acyl-CoA:cholesterol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by STS, SOAT2, SOAT1Golgi apparatus, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• (R)-lactic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
  3. (R)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, ME2, ME3, LDHDmitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• (S)-lactic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
  3. (S)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, ME2, ME3, LDHB and 1 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• 25-hydroxycholesterolReach from here →
  1. Steryl-Sulfatase
  2. Cholesterol-sulfate sulfohydrolase
  3. cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (cholesterol)

  Catalysed by STS, CH25HGolgi apparatus, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• (6R)-L-erythro-6,7-dihydrobiopterinReach from here →
  1. a dicarboxylate(in) + sulfate(out) = a dicarboxylate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)
  3. 1-O-(1,2-saturated-alkyl)-sn-glycerol + (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + O2 = a 1-(1-hydroxyalkyl)-sn-glycerol + (6R)-L-erythro-6,7-dihydrobiopterin + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC25A35, SLC25A34, SLC22A6, SLC22A8 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 2-iminopropanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
  3. 2-iminopropanoate + H2O = pyruvate + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, ME2, ME3, RIDAmitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• phosphoenolpyruvic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. Citrate Transport, Mitochondrial
  3. transport of citrate and PEP (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, SLC25A1mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 9 routes

• N-acetyl-beta-neuraminic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
  3. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, ME2, ME3, NPLmitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• tert-butanolReach from here →
  1. sulfite(in) + sulfate(out) = sulfite(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)
  3. tert-butyl hydroperoxide + 2 glutathione = tert-butanol + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, TSTD1, CLIC2 and 4 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• cholesteryl (9Z-octadecenoate)Reach from here →
  1. Steryl-Sulfatase
  2. Cholesterol-sulfate sulfohydrolase
  3. Acyl-CoA:cholesterol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by STS, SOAT2, SOAT1Golgi apparatus, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• L-ornithineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (Nss) Tcdb:2.A.22.3.3
  3. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A6, GATMextracellular space, cytosolOne of 61 routes

• 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-oneReach from here →
  1. oxalate(in) + sulfate(out) = oxalate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. oxalate(in) + formate(out) = oxalate(out) + formate(in)
  3. 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2 = 3-(methylsulfanyl)propanoate + CO + formate + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC26A2, SLC25A30, SLC26A6 and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• gamma-Glu-AlaReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A14, GGT1, GGT5 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• S(8)-aminomethyldihydrolipoamideReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase ([protein]-N6-(lipoyl)lysine)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A9, SLC6A14, GLDC and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. Steryl-Sulfatase
  2. Steryl-Sulfatase
  3. thyroxine 5'-deiodinase (3,3-diiodo-L-thyronine)

  Catalysed by STS, DIO1, DIO3, DIO2Golgi apparatus, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• 1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-1,4-dihydronicotinamideReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. (S)-malate + a quinone = enol-oxaloacetate + a quinol
  3. 1-(beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-1,4-dihydronicotinamide + a quinone + H(+) = beta-nicotinamide D-riboside + a quinol

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, SDHB, SDHA, NQO2mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• a 3-acylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)
  3. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, ME2, ME3, FAHD1mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• (R)-methylmalonyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. aldehyde dehydrogenase (2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate)

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, NAT8L, ALDH6A1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (S)-methylmalonyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA hydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, NAT8Linner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix

• 3'-dephospho-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. acid phosphatase 2, lysosomal (CoA)

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, NAT8L, ACP2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix, lysosomeOne of 2 routes

• (2E)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. (2E)-dodecenoyl-CoA formation

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, NAT8Linner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 4,8,12-trimethyltridecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. propanoyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-ketopristanoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, NAT8L, ACAA1 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• (6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (gamma-linolenate)

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, NAT8L, SLC27A2 and 7 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• benzoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. a dicarboxylate(in) + sulfate(out) = a dicarboxylate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. N-benzoylglycine(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = N-benzoylglycine(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)
  3. benzoyl-CoA + glycine = N-benzoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC25A35, SLC25A34, SLC22A6, SLC22A8 and 1 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• butanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. transport of butyryl-CoA and L-carnitine (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A14, SLC33A1, ESCO2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 12 routes

• dodecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (lauric acid)

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, NAT8L, SLC27A2 and 7 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 9 routes

• glutaryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate + H2O = 3beta-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one + sulfate + H(+)
  2. dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate(out) + glutarate(in) = dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate(in) + glutarate(out)
  3. glutarate + succinyl-CoA = glutaryl-CoA + succinate

  Catalysed by STS, SLC22A24, SLC22A8, SUGCTinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 6 routes

• eicosanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (eicosanoate)

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, NAT8L, SLC27A2 and 7 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 12 routes

• itaconyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. Itaconate:CoA ligase (GDP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, NAT8L, SUCLG1 and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase ((6Z,9Z)-octadecadienoic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, NAT8L, SLC27A2 and 7 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 13 routes

• tetradecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (myristic acid)

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, NAT8L, SLC27A2 and 7 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 11 routes

• octanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. Octanoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-octanoyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, NAT8L, CROTinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrixOne of 20 routes

• phytanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. phytanate-CoA ligase

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, NAT8Linner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• propanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate + H2O = 3beta-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one + sulfate + H(+)
  2. propanoate(out) + dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate(in) = propanoate(in) + dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate(out)
  3. propanoate + ATP + CoA = propanoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate

  Catalysed by STS, SLC22A9, ACSM3, ACSS3 and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• octadecanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-aspartate(in) + sulfate(out) = L-aspartate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (stearate)

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, NAT8L, SLC27A2 and 6 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 15 routes

• prostaglandin E1Reach from here →
  1. dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate + H2O = 3beta-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one + sulfate + H(+)
  2. transport of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of prostaglandin E1 (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by STS, SLCO1B1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 15-oxoprostaglandin E2Reach from here →
  1. a dicarboxylate(in) + sulfate(out) = a dicarboxylate(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. prostaglandin E2(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = prostaglandin E2(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)
  3. prostaglandin E2 + NAD(+) = 15-oxoprostaglandin E2 + NADH + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC25A35, SLC25A34, SLC22A6, HPGDinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• prostaglandin I2Reach from here →
  1. dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate + H2O = 3beta-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one + sulfate + H(+)
  2. transport of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of prostaglandin I2 (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by STS, SLCO1B1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• prostaglandin H2Reach from here →
  1. dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate + H2O = 3beta-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one + sulfate + H(+)
  2. transport of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of prostaglandin H2 (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by STS, SLCO1B1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• prostaglandin D2Reach from here →
  1. dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate + H2O = 3beta-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one + sulfate + H(+)
  2. transport of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of prostaglandin D2 (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by STS, SLCO1B1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• (15S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. sulfite(in) + sulfate(out) = sulfite(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)
  3. (15S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoate + 2 glutathione = (15S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-eicosatetraenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, TSTD1, GPX1 and 2 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• D-alanineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. D-alanine(out) + L-alanine(in) = D-alanine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A14, SLC7A10extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• sarcosineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A9, SLC6A14, PIPOXextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + glycine + H2O = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + L-serine

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A9, SLC6A14, SHMT1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• leukotriene A4Reach from here →
  1. dehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate + H2O = 3beta-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one + sulfate + H(+)
  2. transport of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of leukotriene A4 (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by STS, SLCO1B1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (13S)-hydroperoxy-(9Z,11E)-octadecadienoateReach from here →
  1. sulfite(in) + sulfate(out) = sulfite(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. sulfite:ferricytochrome-c oxidoreductase
  3. 13(S)-HPODE to 13-oxy-radical-octadecadienoate conversion

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, SUOXinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• (R)-S-lactoylglutathioneReach from here →
  1. sulfite(in) + sulfate(out) = sulfite(out) + sulfate(in)
  2. thiosulfate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + sulfite + 2 H(+)
  3. (R)-S-lactoylglutathione = methylglyoxal + glutathione

  Catalysed by SLC25A14, SLC25A30, TSTD1, GLO1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• carnosineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of beta-alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. beta-alanine + L-histidine + ATP = carnosine + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A6, SLC6A14, CARNS1extracellular space, cytosol

• 4-guanidinobutanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arginine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 4-aminobutanoate + L-arginine = 4-guanidinobutanoate + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by SLC26A6, SLC6A14, GATMextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 2-oxoadipateReach from here →
  1. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. glyoxylate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (S)-malate + CoA + H(+)
  3. L-2-aminoadipate + glyoxylate = 2-oxoadipate + glycine

  Catalysed by SLC25A10, CLYBL, AADATmitochondrial matrix, cytosol