5-amino-2-oxopentanoate

Three steps

• dimethylamineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  3. Nomega,Nomega'-dimethyl-L-arginine dimethylamidohydrolase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC25A2, DDAH1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• taurocyamineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GATMcytosol

• 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + H2O = 3-hydroxyanthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, KYNUmitochondrial matrix

• gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of cysteine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-glutamate:L-cysteine gamma-ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, GCLC, GCLMextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 6-amino-2-oxohexanoateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of lysine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-lysine:oxygen 2-oxidoreductase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• L-homocysteineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, TYW1B, TYW1, BHMT2

• carbamoyl phosphateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.8.15
  3. Carbamoyl-phosphate:L-ornithine carbamoyltransferase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A9, OTCextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• S-methyl-L-methionineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, TYW1B, TYW1, BHMT2

• N-acetylputrescineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• 4-aminobutanalReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-ornithine carboxy-lyase (putrescine-forming)
  3. putrescine + O2 + H2O = 4-aminobutanal + H2O2 + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, ODC1, AOC1cytosol

• L-glutamyl 5-phosphateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  3. L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + phosphate + NADP(+) = L-glutamyl 5-phosphate + NADPH + H(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, OAT, ALDH18A1

• (2R)-2-phosphoglycerateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  3. 2-phospho-D-glycerate hydro-lyase (phosphoenolpyruvate-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, PKM, PKLR, ENO1 and 2 morecytosol

• L-tyrosineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GATM, AADATcytosolOne of 4 routes

• N(1)-acetylspermidineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-ornithine carboxy-lyase (putrescine-forming)
  3. N(1)-acetylspermidine + O2 + H2O = 3-acetamidopropanal + putrescine + H2O2

  Catalysed by AGXT2, ODC1, PAOXcytosol

• trans-4-hydroxy-L-prolineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline(out) + L-alanine(in) + Na(+)(out) = trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline(in) + L-alanine(out) + Na(+)(in)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC1A4mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• histamineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of histidine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-histidine carboxy-lyase (histamine-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, SLC7A6, HDCextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-2-aminopentanoateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  3. 2-oxopentanoate + N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-2-aminopentanoate

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC25A2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• L-2-aminohexanoateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  3. 2-oxohexanoate + N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine = L-2-aminohexanoate + 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC25A2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. L-arginine + O2 + H2O = 5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoate + H2O2 + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GATM, IL4I1cytosol

• N(8)-acetylspermidineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• S-sulfanyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of cysteine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 2 L-cysteine = S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-alanine

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, CARS2extracellular space, cytosol

• N-formyl-L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of ornithine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-tryptophan + O2 = N-formyl-L-kynurenine

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, IDO1, TDO2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• (S)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. L-3-amino-isobutanoate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, ABATmitochondrial matrix

• L-2-aminoadipateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + glyoxylate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. L-2-aminoadipate + glyoxylate = 2-oxoadipate + glycine
  3. 2-oxoadipate + L-kynurenine = L-2-aminoadipate + kynurenate + H2O

  Catalysed by AGXT2, AADAT

• 5-phospho-beta-D-ribosylamineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of glutamine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase (glutamine)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, PPATextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• phosphoenolpyruvateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. Pyruvate:carbon-dioxide ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. oxaloacetate + GTP = phosphoenolpyruvate + GDP + CO2

  Catalysed by AGXT2, PC, PCK1, PCK2mitochondrial matrix

• an N-acetyl-L-cysteine-S-conjugateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. an N-acetyl-L-cysteine-S-conjugate + H2O = an S-substituted L-cysteine + acetate

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• D-glucosamine 6-phosphateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of glutamine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. D-fructose 6-phosphate + L-glutamine = D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + L-glutamate

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, GFPT2, GFPT1extracellular space, cytosol

• L-methionine (S)-S-oxideReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O
  3. [thioredoxin]-disulfide + L-methionine + H2O = L-methionine (S)-S-oxide + [thioredoxin]-dithiol

  Catalysed by AGXT2, TYW1B, TYW1, MSRA

• L-methionine (R)-S-oxideReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O
  3. [thioredoxin]-disulfide + L-methionine + H2O = L-methionine (R)-S-oxide + [thioredoxin]-dithiol

  Catalysed by AGXT2, TYW1B, TYW1, MSRB3 and 2 more

• N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + glycine = N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GATM, GLYATL2cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-[(R)-4-phosphopantothenoyl]-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of cysteine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (R)-4'-phosphopantothenate:L-cysteine ligase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, PPCSextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 2-hydroxy-4-methylvaleric acidReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + glyoxylate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. L-leucine + glyoxylate = 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  3. 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate reduction

  Catalysed by AGXT2, AADAT, SDR42E2, AKR1B15 and 16 morecytosol

• 3-iodo-L-tyrosineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of ornithine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. thyroid peroxidase (iodine)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, TPOextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (2S)-2-phospholactateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  3. (2S)-2-phospholactate + H2O = (S)-lactate + phosphate

  Catalysed by AGXT2, LDHA, LDHB, LDHC and 3 moreOne of 2 routes

• L-prolineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. L-proline(out) + L-alanine(in) + Na(+)(out) = L-proline(in) + L-alanine(out) + Na(+)(in)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC1A4mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• prostaglandin E2Reach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  3. prostaglandin E2(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = prostaglandin E2(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, LDHA, LDHB, LDHC and 3 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• N-benzoylglycineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. Hippurate (Benzoylglycinate) Formation

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GATMcytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 3-sulfino-L-alanineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of cysteine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Cysteine:oxygen oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, CDO1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-cysteinylglycineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GGTLC3, GGT1, GGT5 and 3 moremitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• dTMPReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  3. DTDP Diphosphohydrolase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, PKM, PKLR, ENTPD3 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 5 routes

• N(5)-[(Z)-amino(hydroxyimino)methyl]ornithineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. L-arginine,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (N-(omega)-hydroxyarginine-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GATM, NOS3, NOS1 and 1 morecytosol

• Mo-molybdopterinReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by AGXT2, MOCOSmitochondrial matrix

• (2S)-2-aminobutanoateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. 2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + pyruvate

  Catalysed by AGXT2mitochondrial matrixOne of 8 routes

• 2-iminobutanoateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. 2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + pyruvate
  3. 2-iminobutanoate + H2O = 2-oxobutanoate + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, RIDA

• 2-aminoprop-2-enoateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. D-serine = pyruvate + NH4(+)
  3. D-serine = 2-aminoprop-2-enoate + H2O

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SRR

• 3-phenyllactateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + glyoxylate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. glyoxylate + L-phenylalanine = 3-phenylpyruvate + glycine
  3. Formation of Phenyl-Lactate

  Catalysed by AGXT2, AADATcytosol

• thio-Mo-molybdopterinReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of cysteine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, MOCOSextracellular space, cytosol

• glycodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GATMcytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-tetradecanoylglycineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. tetradecanoyl-CoA + glycine = N-tetradecanoylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GATM, GLYATL2cytosolOne of 2 routes