N-acetylputrescine

Three steps

• CHEBI:15380Reach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. 5-aminolevulinate synthase (2-amino-3-oxoadipate)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, ALAS1 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 8 routes

• CHEBI:15477Reach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. glycine N-acyltransferase (2-methylbutyryl-CoA)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, GLYAT and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 2-methylcrotonoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. Production of Tiglylcarnitine

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, CPT1A and 1 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• isobutyryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxo-4-methyl-pentanoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, HADHA and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 3-methylbut-2-enoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. glycine-N-acyltransferase (3-methylcrotonoylglycine)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, GLYATcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• isovaleryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. glycine N-acyltransferase (isovalerylglycine)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, GLYAT and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• arachidonoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. Arachidonate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 11 routes

• CHEBI:15519Reach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. propanoyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, ACAA1 and 2 morecytosol, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• palmitoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. Palmitate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, SLC27A2 and 7 morecytosolOne of 11 routes

• oleoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. Transport of octadecenoyl-CoA into Mitochondrial Matrix

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, CPT1A and 2 morecytosolOne of 11 routes

• phenylacetyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. Phenylacetate:CoA ligase

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2cytosolOne of 3 routes

• propionyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and propanoate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Propanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 46 routes

• (S)-malateReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (S)-malate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-leucineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. Putrescine Export via Putrescine/Arginine Antiporter
  3. transport of arginine and leucine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC3A2, SLC7A7, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosolOne of 10 routes

• 10-formyltetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Formate:tetrahydrofolate ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15650Reach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. N-acetyl-LTE4 to leukotriene E4 conversion

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, ZDHHC11B and 31 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15699Reach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. Putrescine Export via Putrescine/Arginine Antiporter
  3. transport of arginine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC3A2, SLC7A7, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• trimethylenediamineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. S-adenosylmethioninamine:putrescine 3-aminopropyltransferase
  3. deoxyhypusine synthase (1,3-diaminopropane)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SRM, DHPScytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15727Reach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, NAA10cytosol

• CHEBI:15746Reach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. S-adenosylmethioninamine:putrescine 3-aminopropyltransferase
  3. S-adenosylmethioninamine:spermidine 3-aminopropyltransferase

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SRM, SMScytosolOne of 3 routes

• alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphateReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + H2O = D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + acetate
  3. N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine-6-phosphate amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by HDAC10, AMDHD2, CEMP1cytosol

• CHEBI:15971Reach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. Putrescine Export via Putrescine/Arginine Antiporter
  3. transport of arginine and histidine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC3A2, SLC7A7, SLC7A5 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 10 routes

• ureaReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. Putrescine Export via Putrescine/Arginine Antiporter
  3. L-Arginine amidinohydrolase

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC3A2, SLC7A7, ARG1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoic acidReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• L-cystineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. Putrescine Export via Putrescine/Arginine Antiporter
  3. L-cystine(out) + L-arginine(in) = L-cystine(in) + L-arginine(out)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC3A2, SLC7A7, SLC7A9extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 11-cis-retinolReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, DGAT1 and 4 morecytosol

• L-citrullineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. Putrescine Export via Putrescine/Arginine Antiporter
  3. L-Arginine, NADPH:Oxygen Oxidoreductase (Nitric-Oxide-Forming)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC3A2, SLC7A7, NOS3 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 16 routes

• L-valineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. Putrescine Export via Putrescine/Arginine Antiporter
  3. transport of arginine and valine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC3A2, SLC7A7, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• (17R,20S)-17,20-dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-oneReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. cytochrome P450 (17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone)
  3. (17R,20S)-17,20-dihydroxypregn-4-en-3-one + NAD(+) = 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone + NADH + H(+)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, CYP17A1, AKR1C1endoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

• androst-4-ene-3,17-dioneReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. cytochrome P450 (17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone)
  3. cytochrome P450 (17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, CYP17A1endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• oxaloacetateReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Pyruvate:carbon-dioxide ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• nitric oxideReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. Putrescine Export via Putrescine/Arginine Antiporter
  3. L-Arginine, NADPH:Oxygen Oxidoreductase (Nitric-Oxide-Forming)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC3A2, SLC7A7, NOS3 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• protein polypeptide chainReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. Putrescine Export via Putrescine/Arginine Antiporter
  3. PROTEIN_BS

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC3A2, SLC7A7extracellular space, cytosol

• (S)-lactateReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 7 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• adenineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. S-adenosylmethioninamine:putrescine 3-aminopropyltransferase
  3. S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine:phosphate S-methyl-5-thio-alpha-D-ribosyl-transferase

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SRM, MTAPcytosolOne of 2 routes

• 2-oxobutanoateReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. transport of 2-hydroxybutyrate and acetate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 2-hydroxybutyrate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7 and 5 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 2-oxoglutaramateReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Glutamine:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3-fumarylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 3-fumarylpyruvate + H2O = fumarate + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:16857Reach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. Putrescine Export via Putrescine/Arginine Antiporter
  3. transport of arginine and threonine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC3A2, SLC7A7, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• ferrocytochrome cReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and L-lactate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (S)-Lactate:ferricytochrome-c 2-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 3-hydroxypyruvateReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-serine + pyruvate = 3-hydroxypyruvate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• L-isoleucineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. Putrescine Export via Putrescine/Arginine Antiporter
  3. transport of arginine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC3A2, SLC7A7, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• CHEBI:17203Reach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. Putrescine Export via Putrescine/Arginine Antiporter
  3. transport of arginine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC3A2, SLC7A7, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 4-methylumbelliferoneReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. 4-methylumbelliferyl acetate + H2O = 4-methylumbelliferone + acetate + H(+)
  3. 4-methylumbelliferyl acetate + H2O = 4-methylumbelliferone + acetate + H(+)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, CES2, ESD, CES1

• L-glutamic 5-semialdehydeReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. L-ornithine + H(+) = putrescine + CO2
  3. L-Ornithine:2-oxo-acid aminotransferase

  Catalysed by HDAC10, ODC1, OATmitochondrial matrix

• anilineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. Acetyl-CoA:arylamine N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2, NAT2 and 1 morecytosol

• aceneuramateReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. aceneuramate = aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine + pyruvate

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:17312Reach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase
  3. N1,N12-diacetylspermine to N1-acetylspermine conversion

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SAT1, SAT2cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 5'-deoxyadenosineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• agmatineReach from here →
  1. N-acetylputrescine + H2O = putrescine + acetate
  2. Putrescine Export via Putrescine/Arginine Antiporter
  3. L-arginine carboxy-lyase (agmatine-forming)

  Catalysed by HDAC10, SLC3A2, SLC7A7extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix