5-amino-2-oxopentanoate

Three steps

• 2-(alpha-Hydroxypropyl)thiamine diphosphateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. 2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + pyruvate
  3. branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase E1 (2-oxobutyrate)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, BCKDHA, BCKDHBmitochondrial matrix

• 2-aminoisobutanoateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. 2-aminoisobutanoate(out) + L-alanine(in) = 2-aminoisobutanoate(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A10mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• D-isoleucineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. D-serine = pyruvate + NH4(+)
  3. D-isoleucine(out) + D-serine(in) = D-isoleucine(in) + D-serine(out)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SRR, SLC7A10inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• biocytinReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-ornithine(out) + L-lysine(in) = L-ornithine(in) + L-lysine(out)
  3. biocytin + H2O = biotin + L-lysine

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC25A2, SLC25A15, BTDinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by AGXT2mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GATM, SHMT1cytosolOne of 2 routes

• S-disulfanyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of cysteine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-cysteine = S-disulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-alanine

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, CARS2extracellular space, cytosol

• (S)-lactoyl-AMPReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  3. (S)-lactate + ATP + H(+) = (S)-lactoyl-AMP + diphosphate

  Catalysed by AGXT2, LDHA, LDHB, LDHC and 4 more

• (S)-lactoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  3. (S)-lactate + ATP + CoA = (S)-lactoyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate

  Catalysed by AGXT2, LDHA, LDHB, LDHC and 3 more

• N-acetylneuraminate 9-phosphateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  3. N-acetylneuraminate synthase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, PKM, PKLR, NANScytosol

• CHEBI:240943Reach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. glycine N-acyltransferase (2-methylbutyryl-CoA)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GATM, GLYAT, GLYATL2 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• a quinolReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. (S)-malate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH
  3. (S)-malate + a quinone = enol-oxaloacetate + a quinol

  Catalysed by AGXT2, ME2, SDHB, SDHA

• phenylacetylglycineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. phenylacetyl-CoA:glycine N-phenylacetyltransferase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GATM, GLYATcytosolOne of 3 routes

• selenomethionineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. 2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + pyruvate
  3. Selenomethionine methanethiol-lyase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, CTHcytosol

• CHEBI:27760Reach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. 2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + pyruvate
  3. Selenocystathionine Lysteine-lyase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, CTHcytosol

• 5-hydroxytryptophanReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of ornithine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Tryptophan, Tetrahydrobiopterin:Oxygen Oxidoreductase (5-Hydroxylating)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, TPH1, TPH2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (2-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acidReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + glyoxylate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. glyoxylate + L-phenylalanine = 3-phenylpyruvate + glycine
  3. Phenylpyruvate:oxygen oxidoreductase (hydroxylating,decarboxylating)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, AADAT, HPDcytosol

• 3-mercaptolactic acidReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate + [thioredoxin]-dithiol = [thioredoxin]-disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + pyruvate + H(+)
  3. 3-Mercaptolactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, MPST, LDHB, LDHC and 2 morecytosol

• 2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. 2-oxopentanoate + N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-2-aminopentanoate

  Catalysed by AGXT2

• CHEBI:28666Reach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. LTD4 hydrolysis

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GATMcytosol

• 17alpha-hydroxypregnenoloneReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. cytochrome P450 (17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• pyridoxine 5'-phosphateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SCLYmitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• N-acetyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of cysteine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, NAGSextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• a dicarboxylateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + glyoxylate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. L-kynurenine + glyoxylate = kynurenate + glycine + H2O
  3. kynurenate(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = kynurenate(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, KYAT3, AADAT, SLC22A8inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• N-glycoloylneuraminateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
  3. CMP-N-acetylneuraminate monooxygenase (N-acetylneuraminate)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, NPLcytosol

• a carboxylateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)
  3. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, FAHD1

• L-ascorbic acidReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + glyoxylate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. N-octanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = octanamide + glyoxylate
  3. N-octanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-octanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O

  Catalysed by AGXT2, PAMOne of 6 routes

• K(+)Reach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of cysteine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, SLC1A1extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 3-methyl-1-hydroxybutylthiamine diphosphateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + glyoxylate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. L-leucine + glyoxylate = 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  3. branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase E1 (4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, AADAT, BCKDHA, BCKDHBmitochondrial matrix

• Cys-tRNA(Cys)Reach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of cysteine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Cysteine:tRNA(Cys) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, CARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• Phe-tRNA(Phe)Reach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of ornithine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Phenylalanine:tRNA(Ala) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, FARSB, FARSAextracellular space, cytosol

• Gly-tRNA(Gly)Reach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. glycine:tRNA(Gly) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GATM, GARS1cytosol

• Trp-tRNA(Trp)Reach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of ornithine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Tryptophan -tRNA(Trp) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, WARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• Ile-tRNA(Ile)Reach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of isoleucine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Isoleucine:tRNA(Ile) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, IARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• Gln-tRNA(Gln)Reach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of glutamine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Glutamine:tRNA(Gln) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, QARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• isocyanateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.8.15
  3. L-citrulline + H(+) = isocyanate + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A9, LACC1extracellular space, cytosol

• Asn-tRNA(Asn)Reach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of asparagine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Asparagine:tRNA(Asn) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, NARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• chlorine(.)Reach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. transport of alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC6A14mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 33 routes

• glycocholateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GATM, BAATcytosol, peroxisomeOne of 3 routes

• hydrogen sulfideReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate + [thioredoxin]-dithiol = [thioredoxin]-disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + pyruvate + H(+)
  3. 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate + [thioredoxin]-dithiol = [thioredoxin]-disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, MPSTOne of 3 routes

• L-aspartateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate

  Catalysed by AGXT2mitochondrial matrixOne of 24 routes

• CHEBI:30249Reach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of ornithine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-tryptophan:oxygen 2,3-oxidoreductase (decyclizing)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, IDO1, TDO2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• citric acidReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. Pyruvate:carbon-dioxide ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. acetyl-CoA:oxaloacetate C-acetyltransferase (thioester-hydrolysing)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, PC, CSmitochondrial matrixOne of 9 routes

• isocitric acidReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  3. transport of isocitrate and PEP (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, PKM, PKLR, SLC25A1cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• glutarateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + glyoxylate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. L-kynurenine + glyoxylate = kynurenate + glycine + H2O
  3. kynurenate(out) + glutarate(in) = kynurenate(in) + glutarate(out)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, KYAT3, AADAT, SLC22A6inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutaric acidReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. Pyruvate:carbon-dioxide ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. D-aspartate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, PC, GOT2mitochondrial matrix

• cis-aconitic acidReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  3. transport of cis-aconitate and PEP (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, PKM, PKLR, SLC25A1cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• thiosulfateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. (S)-malate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH
  3. transport of malate and thiosulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, ME2, SLC25A10mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acidReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O
  3. L-Methionine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, TYW1B, TYW1, IL4I1cytosol

• di-mu-sulfido-diiron(2+)Reach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + pyruvate = 5-amino-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of cysteine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, NDUFAB1, FDXR and 5 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix