N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithine

Three steps

• glycolithocholic acidReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (glycine)

  Catalysed by ACY1, GATM, BAATcytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoic acidReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. Acetyl-CoA:glycine C-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by ACY1, GATM, GCATcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• (R)-lactic acidReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (R)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular space

• (3S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and acetoacetate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (3S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA = acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A6 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 2-iminopropanoateReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 2-iminopropanoate + H2O = pyruvate + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular space

• phosphoenolpyruvic acidReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

• 13-cis-retinalReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. retinal dehydrogenase (13-cis-retinal)

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular space, endoplasmic reticulum

• N-acetyl-beta-neuraminic acidReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular space

• gamma-Glu-AlaReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC7A6, GGT1, GGT5 and 4 morecytosol, extracellular space

• S(8)-aminomethyldihydrolipoamideReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase ([protein]-N6-(lipoyl)lysine)

  Catalysed by ACY1, GATM, GLDC, GCSHcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• a 3-acylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular space

• acetoacetyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and acetoacetate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. acetoacetate + ATP + CoA = acetoacetyl-CoA + AMP + diphosphate

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A6 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• butanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and butyrate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Butanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7 and 7 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• D-alanineReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. D-alanine(out) + L-alanine(in) = D-alanine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC7A6, SLC7A10cytosol, extracellular space, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• sarcosineReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2

  Catalysed by ACY1, GATM, PIPOXcytosolOne of 2 routes

• (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolateReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + glycine + H2O = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + L-serine

  Catalysed by ACY1, GATM, SHMT1, SHMT2cytosol

• 2-(N(omega)-L-arginino)succinateReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.8.15
  3. L-Citrulline:L-aspartate ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC7A9, ASS1cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

• carnosineReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. L-histidine(in) + L-ornithine(out) + H(+)(in) = L-histidine(out) + L-ornithine(in) + H(+)(out)
  3. beta-alanine + L-histidine + ATP = carnosine + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC25A2, CARNS1cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 4-guanidinobutanoateReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. 4-aminobutanoate + L-arginine = 4-guanidinobutanoate + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by ACY1, GATMcytosol

• L-dopaReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. transport of ornithine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-dopa(out) + L-phenylalanine(in) = L-dopa(in) + L-phenylalanine(out)

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC7A6, SLC7A8cytosol, extracellular space, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 3-guanidinopropanoateReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. beta-alanine + L-arginine = 3-guanidinopropanoate + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by ACY1, GATMcytosol

• an N-acylglycineReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. an acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-acylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by ACY1, GATM, GLYATL3, GLYAT and 1 morecytosol

• 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoateReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate + [thioredoxin]-dithiol = [thioredoxin]-disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 4 routes

• 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoateReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (R)-3-amino-2-methylpropanoate + pyruvate = 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 morecytosol, extracellular space

• guanidinoacetateReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase

  Catalysed by ACY1, GATMcytosolOne of 4 routes

• sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate

  Catalysed by ACY1, ASAH1cytosol

• D-threonineReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. D-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = D-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC7A6, SLC7A10cytosol, extracellular space, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphateReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + H2O = D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + acetate
  3. N-acetyl-alpha-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate = N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate

  Catalysed by ACY1, AMDHD2, PGM3cytosol

• spermidineReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. N(8)-acetylspermidine + H2O = spermidine + acetate
  3. N8-acetylspermidine to spermidine conversion

  Catalysed by ACY1, HDAC10cytosolOne of 4 routes

• a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-O-acyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by ACY1, ASAH1, PLA2G15cytosol

• L-dopaquinoneReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. transport of ornithine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Tyrosine,L-dopa:oxygen oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC7A6, TYRcytosol, extracellular space

• glutathioneReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ACY1, GATM, GSScytosol

• L-threonineReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC7A6, SLC7A10cytosol, extracellular space, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 8 routes

• L-saccharopineReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. transport of lysine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N6-(L-1,3-Dicarboxypropyl)-L-lysine:NADP+ oxidoreductase (L-lysine-forming)

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC7A5, SLC7A6, AASScytosol, extracellular space, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-kynurenine + H2O = anthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC7A6, KYNUcytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 5 routes

• beta-alanineReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. beta-alanine(out) + L-alanine(in) = beta-alanine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC7A6, SLC7A10cytosol, extracellular space, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• leukotriene C4Reach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. leukotriene C4 hydrolysis

  Catalysed by ACY1, GATMcytosol

• dimethylamineReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  3. Nomega,Nomega'-dimethyl-L-arginine dimethylamidohydrolase

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC25A2, DDAH1cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• taurocyamineReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by ACY1, GATMcytosol

• 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + H2O = 3-hydroxyanthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC7A6, KYNUcytosol, extracellular space

• a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + H2O = sphing-4-enine + acetate
  3. N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-O-acyl-N-(acetyl)-sphing-4-enine + a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by ACY1, ASAH1, PLA2G15cytosol

• gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. transport of cysteine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-glutamate:L-cysteine gamma-ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC7A6, GCLC, GCLMcytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• 6-amino-2-oxohexanoateReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. transport of lysine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-lysine:oxygen 2-oxidoreductase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC7A5, SLC7A6cytosol, extracellular space, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• L-homocysteineReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. transport of methionine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC7A6, BHMT2cytosol, extracellular space

• carbamoyl phosphateReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.8.15
  3. Carbamoyl-phosphate:L-ornithine carbamoyltransferase

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC7A9, OTCcytosol, extracellular space, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• S-methyl-L-methionineReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. transport of methionine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by ACY1, SLC7A6, BHMT2cytosol, extracellular space

• 4-aminobutanalReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. L-ornithine carboxy-lyase (putrescine-forming)
  3. putrescine + O2 + H2O = 4-aminobutanal + H2O2 + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by ACY1, ODC1, AOC1cytosol

• L-glutamyl 5-phosphateReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  3. L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + phosphate + NADP(+) = L-glutamyl 5-phosphate + NADPH + H(+)

  Catalysed by ACY1, OAT, ALDH18A1cytosol

• L-tyrosineReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine

  Catalysed by ACY1, GATM, AADATcytosolOne of 2 routes

• N(1)-acetylspermidineReach from here →
  1. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase
  2. L-ornithine carboxy-lyase (putrescine-forming)
  3. N(1)-acetylspermidine + O2 + H2O = 3-acetamidopropanal + putrescine + H2O2

  Catalysed by ACY1, ODC1, PAOXcytosol