pyruvate

Two steps

• N-acetylcadaverineReach from here →
  1. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. N-acetylcadaverine + H2O = cadaverine + acetate

  Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• all-trans-retinoyl-1-O-(beta-D-glucuronate)Reach from here →
  1. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glucuronosyltransferase (retinoate)

  Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 5 moreextracellular space, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• all-trans-18-hydroxyretinoateReach from here →
  1. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. unspecific monooxygenase (retinoate)

  Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 27 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• a phenyl acetateReach from here →
  1. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. a phenyl acetate + H2O = a phenol + acetate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:15345Reach from here →
  1. transport of acetoacetate and pyruvate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. Acetoacetate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AACSmitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• acetoneReach from here →
  1. transport of acetoacetate and pyruvate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. Acetoacetate carboxy-lyase (acetone-forming)

  No catalyst recordedmitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• propionyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. 2-Methyl-3-oxopropanoate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (CoA-propanoylating)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, ALDH6A1mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• CHEBI:15570Reach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. alanine racemase

  Catalysed by AGXT2mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• L-leucineReach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. transport of alanine and leucine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 10 routes

• 10-formyltetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of formate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Formate:tetrahydrofolate ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7, SLC16A8 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15699Reach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. transport of alanine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• malonateReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH
  2. malonate(out) + (S)-malate(in) = malonate(in) + (S)-malate(out)

  Catalysed by ME2, SLC25A10inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15971Reach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. transport of alanine and histidine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• CHEBI:16174Reach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. nucleoside-diphosphate kinase (dADP)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, NME4, NME6 and 4 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• sulfateReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH
  2. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by ME2, SLC25A10mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• L-cystineReach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. Transport of L-Cystine (L-Alanine antiport) by B0, +At Transporter

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A9, SLC3A1mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:16284Reach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. deoxythymidylate kinase (dADP)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLR, DTYMKcytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• (R)-3-aminoisobutyric acidReach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. (S)-3-amino-2-methylpropionate transaminase (2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, ABATmitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• L-citrullineReach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. transport of alanine and citrulline (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• L-valineReach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. transport of alanine and valine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 9 routes

• L-arginineReach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• CHEBI:16497Reach from here →
  1. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)
  2. dGTP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLRcytosol

• protein polypeptide chainReach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. PROTEIN_BS

  Catalysed by AGXT2mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N(2)-acetyl-L-ornithineReach from here →
  1. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. N2-Acetyl-L-ornithine amidohydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:16633Reach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SCLYmitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• Met-tRNA(Met)Reach from here →
  1. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O
  2. L-Methionine:tRNAMet ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by TYW1B, TYW1, MARS1cytosol

• (R)-glycerateReach from here →
  1. L-Serine:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. D-glycerate:NADP+ 2-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by AGXT, GRHPRcytosolOne of 4 routes

• 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoateReach from here →
  1. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O
  2. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by TYW1B, TYW1, AADAT

• N-[(S)-lactoyl]-L-phenylalanineReach from here →
  1. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)
  2. (S)-lactate + L-phenylalanine = N-[(S)-lactoyl]-L-phenylalanine + H2O

  Catalysed by LDHA, LDHB, LDHC, LDHAL6A and 2 more

• CHEBI:16857Reach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. transport of alanine and threonine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• ferrocytochrome cReach from here →
  1. (S)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. (S)-Lactate:ferricytochrome-c 2-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by LDHB, LDHAL6B, CYB5D1mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• glycolaldehydeReach from here →
  1. L-Serine:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. hydroxypyruvate carboxy-lyase (glycolaldehyde-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXTcytosolOne of 2 routes

• aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-mannosamineReach from here →
  1. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)
  2. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)

  Catalysed by NPLcytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-isoleucineReach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. transport of alanine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• CHEBI:17203Reach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. transport of alanine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• 17alpha-hydroxyprogesteroneReach from here →
  1. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. cytochrome P450 (17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone)

  Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulum

• sulfiteReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH
  2. transport of malate and sulfite (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by ME2, SLC25A10mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• enol-oxaloacetateReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH
  2. (S)-malate + a quinone = enol-oxaloacetate + a quinol

  Catalysed by ME2, SDHB, SDHA

• AH2Reach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by AGXT2, MOCOSmitochondrial matrixOne of 7 routes

• L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. transport of alanine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 21 routes

• Ala-tRNA(Ala)Reach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. L-Alanine:tRNA(Ala) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, AARS1mitochondrial matrix, cytosol

• 4-methylumbelliferyl acetateReach from here →
  1. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. 4-methylumbelliferyl acetate + H2O = 4-methylumbelliferone + acetate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• urateReach from here →
  1. (S)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  2. transport of L-lactate and urate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by LDHB, LDHAL6B, SLC22A12mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:17895Reach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. transport of alanine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 8 routes

• all-trans-retinalReach from here →
  1. transport of pyruvate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. retinoate reduction

  Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 3-phenylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. L-Glutamine:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. 3-phenylpyruvate + L-glutamine = 2-oxoglutaramate + L-phenylalanine

  Catalysed by KYAT1cytosol

• fumaric acidReach from here →
  1. (S)-malate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH
  2. (S)-malate hydro-lyase (fumarate-forming)

  Catalysed by ME2, FHcytosolOne of 6 routes

• CHEBI:18019Reach from here →
  1. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  2. transport of alanine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6mitochondrial matrix, extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• thiocyanateReach from here →
  1. 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoate + [thioredoxin]-dithiol = [thioredoxin]-disulfide + hydrogen sulfide + pyruvate + H(+)
  2. 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (hydrogen-cyanide)

  Catalysed by MPST, TSTcytosol

• 4-fumarylacetoacetateReach from here →
  1. transport of acetoacetate and pyruvate (cytosol to mitochondria)
  2. 4-fumarylacetoacetate + H2O = acetoacetate + fumarate + H(+)

  Catalysed by FAHmitochondrial matrix, cytosol