CHEBI:29052

Three steps

• palmitoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase
  2. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  3. Palmitate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by TPI1, GNPAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 morecytosol, peroxisomeOne of 11 routes

• oleoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase
  2. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  3. Transport of octadecenoyl-CoA into Mitochondrial Matrix

  Catalysed by TPI1, GNPAT, CPT1A, CPT1C and 1 morecytosol, peroxisomeOne of 11 routes

• phenylacetyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase
  2. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  3. Phenylacetate:CoA ligase

  Catalysed by TPI1, GNPATcytosol, peroxisomeOne of 3 routes

• propionyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase
  2. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  3. Propanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by TPI1, GNPAT, ACSS3, ACSS2 and 1 morecytosol, peroxisomeOne of 43 routes

• (S)-malateReach from here →
  1. glycerone-phosphate phosphate-lyase (methylglyoxal-forming)
  2. 2-Oxopropanal:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  3. (S)-malate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + CO2 + NADH

  Catalysed by ME2cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15650Reach from here →
  1. D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase
  2. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  3. N-acetyl-LTE4 to leukotriene E4 conversion

  Catalysed by TPI1, GNPAT, ZDHHC11B, NAA10 and 30 morecytosol, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15727Reach from here →
  1. D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase
  2. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  3. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)

  Catalysed by TPI1, GNPAT, NAA10cytosol, peroxisome

• CHEBI:15746Reach from here →
  1. D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase
  2. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  3. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermine)

  Catalysed by TPI1, GNPAT, SAT1, SAT2cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• hexadecanoic acidReach from here →
  1. D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase
  2. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  3. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (1-palmitoyl-dihydroxyacetone-phosphate)

  Catalysed by TPI1, GNPATcytosol, peroxisome

• nicotinic acid D-ribonucleotideReach from here →
  1. transketolase (D-xylulose-5-phosphate)
  2. ATP:D-ribose-5-phosphate diphosphotransferase
  3. Nicotinate-nucleotide:pyrophosphate phosphoribosyltransferase (carboxylating)

  Catalysed by TKT, TKTL1, TKTL2, PRPS2 and 3 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15842Reach from here →
  1. transketolase (D-xylulose-5-phosphate)
  2. ATP:D-ribose-5-phosphate diphosphotransferase
  3. Orotidine-5'-phosphate:diphosphate phospho-alpha-D-ribosyl-transferase

  Catalysed by TKT, TKTL1, TKTL2, PRPS2 and 3 morecytosol

• beta-nicotinamide D-ribosideReach from here →
  1. transketolase (D-xylulose-5-phosphate)
  2. D-Ribose 1,5-phosphomutase
  3. purine nucleoside phosphorylase (nicotinamide)

  Catalysed by TKT, TKTL1, TKTL2, PGM2 and 1 morecytosol

• (R)-lactateReach from here →
  1. glycerone-phosphate phosphate-lyase (methylglyoxal-forming)
  2. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione methylglyoxal-lyase (isomerizing)
  3. (R)-S-lactoylglutathione + H2O = (R)-lactate + glutathione + H(+)

  Catalysed by GLO1, GLOD4, HAGHcytosol

• NMN zwitterionReach from here →
  1. transketolase (D-xylulose-5-phosphate)
  2. ATP:D-ribose-5-phosphate diphosphotransferase
  3. nicotinamide-D-ribonucleotide:diphosphate phospho-alpha-D-ribosyltransferase

  Catalysed by TKT, TKTL1, TKTL2, PRPS2 and 3 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoic acidReach from here →
  1. glycerone-phosphate phosphate-lyase (methylglyoxal-forming)
  2. 2-Oxopropanal:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  3. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by AGXT2cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 11-cis-retinolReach from here →
  1. D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase
  2. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  3. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by TPI1, GNPAT, DGAT1, LRAT and 3 morecytosol, peroxisome

• adenosineReach from here →
  1. transketolase (D-xylulose-5-phosphate)
  2. D-Ribose 1,5-phosphomutase
  3. adenosine:phosphate alpha-D-ribosyltransferase

  Catalysed by TKT, TKTL1, TKTL2, PGM2 and 1 morecytosol

• oxaloacetateReach from here →
  1. D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase
  2. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  3. ATP citrate lyase (citrate)

  Catalysed by TPI1, GNPAT, ACLYcytosol, peroxisomeOne of 4 routes

• (S)-lactateReach from here →
  1. glycerone-phosphate phosphate-lyase (methylglyoxal-forming)
  2. 2-Oxopropanal:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  3. (S)-lactate + NAD(+) = pyruvate + NADH + H(+)

  Catalysed by LDHA, LDHB, LDHC, LDHAL6A and 1 morecytosol

• (R)-glycerateReach from here →
  1. D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (phosphorylating)
  2. ATP:3-phospho-D-glycerate 1-phosphotransferase
  3. (R)-glycerate + ATP = (2R)-3-phosphoglycerate + ADP + H(+)

  Catalysed by GAPDHS, GAPDH, PGK1, PGK2 and 2 morecytosol

• uridineReach from here →
  1. transketolase (D-xylulose-5-phosphate)
  2. D-Ribose 1,5-phosphomutase
  3. uridine:phosphate alpha-D-ribosyltransferase

  Catalysed by TKT, TKTL1, TKTL2, PGM2 and 2 morecytosol

• guanosineReach from here →
  1. transketolase (D-xylulose-5-phosphate)
  2. D-Ribose 1,5-phosphomutase
  3. guanosine:phosphate alpha-D-ribosyltransferase

  Catalysed by TKT, TKTL1, TKTL2, PGM2 and 1 morecytosol

• 2-oxobutanoateReach from here →
  1. glycerone-phosphate phosphate-lyase (methylglyoxal-forming)
  2. 2-Oxopropanal:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  3. 2-oxobutanoate + L-alanine = (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + pyruvate

  Catalysed by AGXT2cytosol

• 2-oxoglutaramateReach from here →
  1. glycerone-phosphate phosphate-lyase (methylglyoxal-forming)
  2. 2-Oxopropanal:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  3. L-Glutamine:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by KYAT1cytosolOne of 2 routes

• sedoheptuloseReach from here →
  1. D-Fructose 6-phosphate:D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate glycolaldehyde transferase
  2. transketolase (D-xylulose-5-phosphate)
  3. ATP:sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

  Catalysed by TKT, TKTL1, TKTL2, SHPKcytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3-fumarylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. glycerone-phosphate phosphate-lyase (methylglyoxal-forming)
  2. 2-Oxopropanal:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  3. 3-fumarylpyruvate + H2O = fumarate + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by FAHD1cytosol

• CHEBI:16856Reach from here →
  1. glycerone-phosphate phosphate-lyase (methylglyoxal-forming)
  2. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione methylglyoxal-lyase (isomerizing)
  3. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione hydrolase

  Catalysed by GLO1, GLOD4, HAGH, HAGHLcytosolOne of 3 routes

• 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase
  2. sn-Glycerol-3-phosphate:NAD+ 2-oxidoreductase
  3. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by TPI1, GPD1, GPD1L, GPAT3 and 3 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• propane-1,2-diolReach from here →
  1. glycerone-phosphate phosphate-lyase (methylglyoxal-forming)
  2. (R)-Lactaldehyde:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  3. aldose reductase (D-lactaldehyde)

  Catalysed by AKR7A2, AKR1A1, AKR1B1cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acidReach from here →
  1. glycerone-phosphate phosphate-lyase (methylglyoxal-forming)
  2. 2-Oxopropanal:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  3. transport of (R)-3-hydroxybutanoate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3, SLC16A7 and 2 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• glycolaldehydeReach from here →
  1. D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase
  2. L-xylulose 1-phosphate glycolaldehyde-lyase (glycerone-phosphate-forming)
  3. L-xylulose 1-phosphate glycolaldehyde-lyase (glycerone-phosphate-forming)

  Catalysed by TPI1, ALDOA, ALDOB, ALDOCcytosol

• xylitolReach from here →
  1. D-Fructose 6-phosphate:D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate glycolaldehyde transferase
  2. ATP:D-xylulose 5-phosphotransferase
  3. xylitol + NAD(+) = D-xylulose + NADH + H(+)

  Catalysed by TKT, TKTL1, TKTL2, XYLB and 1 morecytosol

• 3-hydroxypyruvateReach from here →
  1. glycerone-phosphate phosphate-lyase (methylglyoxal-forming)
  2. 2-Oxopropanal:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  3. L-serine + pyruvate = 3-hydroxypyruvate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by AGXTcytosol

• CHEBI:17202Reach from here →
  1. transketolase (D-xylulose-5-phosphate)
  2. ATP:D-ribose-5-phosphate diphosphotransferase
  3. IMP:diphosphate phospho-D-ribosyltransferase

  Catalysed by TKT, TKTL1, TKTL2, PRPS2 and 3 morecytosol

• anilineReach from here →
  1. D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase
  2. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  3. Acetyl-CoA:arylamine N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by TPI1, GNPAT, NAT2, NAT1cytosol, peroxisome

• aceneuramateReach from here →
  1. glycerone-phosphate phosphate-lyase (methylglyoxal-forming)
  2. 2-Oxopropanal:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  3. aceneuramate = aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine + pyruvate

  Catalysed by NPLcytosol

• CHEBI:17312Reach from here →
  1. D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase
  2. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  3. N1,N12-diacetylspermine to N1-acetylspermine conversion

  Catalysed by TPI1, GNPATcytosol, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• 5'-deoxyadenosineReach from here →
  1. glycerone-phosphate phosphate-lyase (methylglyoxal-forming)
  2. 2-Oxopropanal:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  3. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O

  Catalysed by TYW1B, TYW1cytosol

• D-glyceraldehydeReach from here →
  1. D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (phosphorylating)
  2. D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + phosphate + NAD(+) = (2R)-3-phospho-glyceroyl phosphate + NADH + H(+)
  3. D-glyceraldehyde + ATP = D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + ADP + H(+)

  Catalysed by GAPDHS, GAPDH, TKFCcytosol

• L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase
  2. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)

  Catalysed by TPI1, GNPAT, NAGScytosol, peroxisome, mitochondrial matrix

• inosineReach from here →
  1. transketolase (D-xylulose-5-phosphate)
  2. D-Ribose 1,5-phosphomutase
  3. inosine:phosphate alpha-D-ribosyltransferase

  Catalysed by TKT, TKTL1, TKTL2, PGM2 and 1 morecytosol

• (7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase
  2. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:3->C16:3), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by TPI1, GNPAT, HADHA, ACADVL and 1 morecytosol, peroxisome, mitochondrial matrix

• CHEBI:17927Reach from here →
  1. D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase
  2. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  3. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion

  Catalysed by TPI1, GNPATcytosol, peroxisome

• dTDPReach from here →
  1. glycerone-phosphate phosphate-lyase (methylglyoxal-forming)
  2. 2-Oxopropanal:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  3. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)

  Catalysed by PKM, PKLRcytosol

• xanthosineReach from here →
  1. transketolase (D-xylulose-5-phosphate)
  2. D-Ribose 1,5-phosphomutase
  3. xanthosine:orthophosphate ribosyltransferase

  Catalysed by TKT, TKTL1, TKTL2, PGM2 and 1 morecytosol

• 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. glycerone-phosphate phosphate-lyase (methylglyoxal-forming)
  2. 2-Oxopropanal:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  3. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by AGXT2cytosol

• 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. glycerone-phosphate phosphate-lyase (methylglyoxal-forming)
  2. 2-Oxopropanal:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  3. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by AGXT2cytosol

• 5-(3-methylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. glycerone-phosphate phosphate-lyase (methylglyoxal-forming)
  2. 2-Oxopropanal:NADP+ oxidoreductase
  3. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3-methylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine

  Catalysed by AGXT2cytosol

• (5Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase
  2. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-7-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by TPI1, GNPAT, HADHA, ACAA2 and 1 morecytosol, peroxisome, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• (11Z)-docosenoyl-CoA(4-)Reach from here →
  1. D-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate aldose-ketose-isomerase
  2. glyceronephosphate O-acyltransferase (DHAP)
  3. long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase (cis-cetoleic acid)

  Catalysed by TPI1, GNPAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4 and 6 morecytosol, peroxisomeOne of 5 routes