L-arginine

Three steps

• (S)-4-hydroxymandelateReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-tyrosine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  3. 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + O2 = (S)-4-hydroxymandelate + CO2

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, GOT2, GOT1, TAT and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• homocysteineReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. Formation of Homocystine

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, GSSextracellular space, cytosol

• anilineReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Acetylation of Lysine
  3. Acetyl-CoA:arylamine N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A6, NAT2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• aceneuramateReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. aceneuramate = aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine + pyruvate

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, AGXT2, NPLextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• CHEBI:17312Reach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Acetylation of Lysine
  3. N1,N12-diacetylspermine to N1-acetylspermine conversion

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 5'-deoxyadenosineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. N(1)-methylguanosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + pyruvate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 4-demethylwyosine(37) in tRNA(Phe) + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + CO2 + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, AGXT2, TYW1B, TYW1extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• all-trans-retinolReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, MOCOS, RETSATextracellular space, cytosol

• linoleic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. Utilized Transport

  Catalysed by SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

• sulfiteReach from here →
  1. 2-(Nomega-L-arginino)succinate arginine-lyase (fumarate-forming)
  2. 2-(Nomega-L-arginino)succinate arginine-lyase (fumarate-forming)
  3. transport of fumarate and sulfite (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by ASL, SLC25A10cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 8 routes

• D-aspartic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of D-aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC1A7 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• O-hexadecanoyl-(R)-carnitineReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. palmitoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, CPT2, CPT1Aextracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 10 routes

• diiodineReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. thyroid peroxidase (iodine)
  3. iodide:hydrogen-peroxide oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, TPOextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine sulfate + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine sulfate + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, MOCOS, DIO1extracellular space, cytosol

• 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, MOCOS, DIO1, DIO3extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine sulfate + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine sulfate + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, MOCOS, DIO1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• (7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Acetylation of Lysine
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:3->C16:3), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A6, HADHA and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• xanthineReach from here →
  1. L-Arginine amidinohydrolase
  2. Peroxidase
  3. xanthine + NAD(+) + H2O = urate + NADH + H(+)

  Catalysed by ARG1, MPO, XDHcytosol, nucleusOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:17724Reach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:glycine N-methyltransferase
  3. dimethylglycine dehydrogenase (formaldehyde)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, GNMT, PDPR, DMGDHextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• methylarsonous acidReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. methylarsonate + 2 glutathione + H(+) = methylarsonous acid + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, GSS, GSTO1, GSTO2extracellular space, cytosol

• 3-oxopropanoic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. beta-alanine(out) + L-alanine(in) = beta-alanine(in) + L-alanine(out)
  3. beta-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, SLC7A10, ABATextracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, mitochondrial matrix

• thiocyanateReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Cysteine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
  3. 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (hydrogen-cyanide)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, GOT2, GOT1, MPST and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 4-fumarylacetoacetateReach from here →
  1. 2-(Nomega-L-arginino)succinate arginine-lyase (fumarate-forming)
  2. 2-(Nomega-L-arginino)succinate arginine-lyase (fumarate-forming)
  3. 4-fumarylacetoacetate + H2O = acetoacetate + fumarate + H(+)

  Catalysed by ASL, FAHcytosol

• 5-hydroxyisourateReach from here →
  1. L-Arginine amidinohydrolase
  2. Peroxidase
  3. urate:oxygen oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by ARG1, MPOcytosol, nucleus

• dTDPReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase
  3. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, AGXT2, PKM, PKLRextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• indole-3-acetaldehydeReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-tryptophan decarboxy-lyase
  3. Tryptamine:oxygen oxidoreductase(deaminating)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, DDC, AOC1, MAOA and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• O-octanoyl-(R)-carnitineReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. solute carrier (L-carnitine)

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC25A20extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 7 routes

• CHEBI:18132Reach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. ATP:choline phosphotransferase

  Catalysed by SLC6A14, SLC5A7, CHKA, CHKBextracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:18183Reach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)
  3. gamma-glutamylcyclotransferase ((5-L-glutamyl)-L-amino acid)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, GGT1, GGT5, GGTLC2 and 5 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamideReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. 5-Phospho-D-ribosylamine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. 10-formyltetrahydrofolate:5'-phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, GARTextracellular space, cytosol

• arsenic triglutathioneReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. arsenic triglutathione + 3 [thioredoxin]-dithiol + 3 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = trimethylarsine + 3 [thioredoxin]-disulfide + 3 glutathione + 3 S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 3 H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, GSS, AS3MTextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• N-(4-aminobutyl)-3-aminopropanalReach from here →
  1. Putrescine Export via Putrescine/Arginine Antiporter
  2. S-adenosylmethioninamine:putrescine 3-aminopropyltransferase
  3. primary-amine oxidase (spermidine)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A7, SRM, AOC2 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:18405Reach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)
  3. pyridoxine 5'-phosphate:oxygen oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, SCLY, PNPOextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• gamma-L-glutamyl-(2S)-2-aminobutanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + glyoxylate = 2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  3. (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + L-glutamate + ATP = gamma-L-glutamyl-(2S)-2-aminobutanoate + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, AGXT2, GCLCextracellular space, cytosol

• 2-(alpha-Hydroxypropyl)thiamine diphosphateReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and threonine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-threonine ammonia-lyase (2-oxobutanoate-forming)
  3. branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase E1 (2-oxobutyrate)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, SDS, SDSL, BCKDHA and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• N-methyltryptamineReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-tryptophan decarboxy-lyase
  3. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:amine N-methyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, DDC, INMTextracellular space, cytosol

• D-isoleucineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. D-serine(out) + L-alanine(in) = D-serine(in) + L-alanine(out)
  3. D-isoleucine(out) + D-serine(in) = D-isoleucine(in) + D-serine(out)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, SLC7A10extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2-S-(R)-glutathioneReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 + glutathione = 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2-S-(R)-glutathione

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, GSS, MGST3extracellular space, cytosol

• Xaa-L-Pro dipeptideReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-proline(out) + L-alanine(in) + Na(+)(out) = L-proline(in) + L-alanine(out) + Na(+)(in)
  3. Xaa-L-Pro dipeptide + H2O = an L-alpha-amino acid + L-proline

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, SLC1A4, PEPDextracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• (6R)-10-formyltetrahydrofolateReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + glycine + H2O = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + L-serine
  3. (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + formate + ATP = (6R)-10-formyltetrahydrofolate + ADP + phosphate

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, SHMT1, SHMT2, MTHFD1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (5S)-hydroperoxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + 2 glutathione = (5S)-hydroxy-(6E,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, GSS, GPX1, GPX4extracellular space, cytosol

• (12S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoateReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (12S)-hydroperoxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + 2 glutathione = (12S)-hydroxy-(5Z,8Z,10E,14Z,17Z)-eicosapentaenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, GSS, GPX1, GPX4extracellular space, cytosol

• (15S)-hydroxy-(11Z,13E)-eicosadienoateReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (15S)-hydroperoxy-(11Z,13E)-eicosadienoate + 2 glutathione = (15S)-hydroxy-(11Z,13E)-eicosadienoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, GSS, GPX1, GPX4extracellular space, cytosol

• (17S)-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoateReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. (17S)-hydroperoxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + 2 glutathione = (17S)-hydroxy-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15E,19Z)-docosahexaenoate + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, GSS, GPX1, GPX4extracellular space, cytosol

• a hydroxy-1,2-diacyl-glycero-3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. a hydroperoxy-1,2-diacyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 2 glutathione = a hydroxy-1,2-diacyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, GSS, GPX4extracellular space, cytosol

• glycodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Glycodeoxycholate amidohydrolase
  3. glycodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = glycodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, SULT2A1extracellular space, cytosol

• 3',5'-diiodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 3',5'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, MOCOS, DIO3extracellular space, cytosol

• 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  3. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, AADAT, AGXT2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• (6R)-5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase
  3. 5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolate:glycine hydroxymethyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, SHMT1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• (5Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of arginine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Acetylation of Lysine
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-7-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A6, HADHA and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 3-iodothyronamineReach from here →
  1. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. 3-iodothyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,5-diiodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by SLC7A6, MOCOS, DIO1, DIO3extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes