L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde

Three steps

• 2-(N(omega)-L-arginino)succinateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.8.15
  3. L-Citrulline:L-aspartate ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A9, ASS1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• carnosineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. L-histidine(in) + L-ornithine(out) + H(+)(in) = L-histidine(out) + L-ornithine(in) + H(+)(out)
  3. beta-alanine + L-histidine + ATP = carnosine + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC25A2, CARNS1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 4-guanidinobutanoateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. 4-aminobutanoate + L-arginine = 4-guanidinobutanoate + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by OAT, GATMcytosol

• L-dopaReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of ornithine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-dopa(out) + L-phenylalanine(in) = L-dopa(in) + L-phenylalanine(out)

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A6, SLC7A8extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• 3-guanidinopropanoateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. beta-alanine + L-arginine = 3-guanidinopropanoate + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by OAT, GATMcytosol

• an N-acylglycineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. an acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-acylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by OAT, GATM, GLYATL3, GLYAT and 1 morecytosol

• 2-oxo-3-sulfanylpropanoateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of cysteine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Cysteine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A6, GOT2, GOT1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• guanidinoacetateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase

  Catalysed by OAT, GATMcytosolOne of 4 routes

• D-threonineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. D-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = D-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A6, SLC7A10extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• spermidineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. L-ornithine carboxy-lyase (putrescine-forming)
  3. S-adenosylmethioninamine:putrescine 3-aminopropyltransferase

  Catalysed by OAT, ODC1, SRMcytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-dopaquinoneReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of ornithine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Tyrosine,L-dopa:oxygen oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A6, TYRextracellular space, cytosol

• glutathioneReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by OAT, GATM, GSScytosol

• L-threonineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-threonine(out) + L-alanine(in) = L-threonine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A6, SLC7A10extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 8 routes

• L-saccharopineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of lysine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N6-(L-1,3-Dicarboxypropyl)-L-lysine:NADP+ oxidoreductase (L-lysine-forming)

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A5, SLC7A6, AASSextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-kynurenine + H2O = anthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A6, KYNUextracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• beta-alanineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. beta-alanine(out) + L-alanine(in) = beta-alanine(in) + L-alanine(out)

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A6, SLC7A10extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• leukotriene C4Reach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. leukotriene C4 hydrolysis

  Catalysed by OAT, GATMcytosol

• dimethylamineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  3. Nomega,Nomega'-dimethyl-L-arginine dimethylamidohydrolase

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC25A2, DDAH1inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• taurocyamineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. taurine + L-arginine = taurocyamine + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by OAT, GATMcytosol

• 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + H2O = 3-hydroxyanthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A6, KYNUextracellular space, cytosol

• gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of cysteine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-glutamate:L-cysteine gamma-ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A6, GCLC, GCLMextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 6-amino-2-oxohexanoateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of lysine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-lysine:oxygen 2-oxidoreductase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A5, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosol, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• L-homocysteineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of methionine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A6, BHMT2extracellular space, cytosol

• carbamoyl phosphateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (Apc) Tcdb:2.A.3.8.15
  3. Carbamoyl-phosphate:L-ornithine carbamoyltransferase

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A9, OTCextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 4 routes

• S-methyl-L-methionineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of methionine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-methyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = 2 L-methionine + H(+)

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A6, BHMT2extracellular space, cytosol

• N-acetylputrescineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. L-ornithine carboxy-lyase (putrescine-forming)
  3. acetyl-CoA:putrescine N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by OAT, ODC1, SAT1, SAT2cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 4-aminobutanalReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. L-ornithine carboxy-lyase (putrescine-forming)
  3. putrescine + O2 + H2O = 4-aminobutanal + H2O2 + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by OAT, ODC1, AOC1cytosol

• L-tyrosineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine

  Catalysed by OAT, GATM, AADATcytosolOne of 2 routes

• N(1)-acetylspermidineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. L-ornithine carboxy-lyase (putrescine-forming)
  3. N(1)-acetylspermidine + O2 + H2O = 3-acetamidopropanal + putrescine + H2O2

  Catalysed by OAT, ODC1, PAOXcytosol

• trans-4-hydroxy-L-prolineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline(out) + L-alanine(in) + Na(+)(out) = trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline(in) + L-alanine(out) + Na(+)(in)

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A6, SLC1A4extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• histamineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of histidine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-histidine carboxy-lyase (histamine-forming)

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A5, SLC7A6, HDCextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-2-aminopentanoateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  3. 2-oxopentanoate + N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-2-aminopentanoate

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC25A2, AGXT2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• L-2-aminohexanoateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine(out) + L-ornithine(in)
  3. 2-oxohexanoate + N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine = L-2-aminohexanoate + 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC25A2, AGXT2inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane

• 5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. L-arginine + O2 + H2O = 5-guanidino-2-oxopentanoate + H2O2 + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by OAT, GATM, IL4I1cytosol

• S-sulfanyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of cysteine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 2 L-cysteine = S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-alanine

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A6, CARS2extracellular space, cytosol

• N-formyl-L-kynurenineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of ornithine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-tryptophan + O2 = N-formyl-L-kynurenine

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A6, IDO1, TDO2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 5-phospho-beta-D-ribosylamineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of glutamine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase (glutamine)

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A6, PPATextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• D-glucosamine 6-phosphateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of glutamine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. D-fructose 6-phosphate + L-glutamine = D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + L-glutamate

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A6, GFPT2, GFPT1extracellular space, cytosol

• L-methionine (S)-S-oxideReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of methionine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. [thioredoxin]-disulfide + L-methionine + H2O = L-methionine (S)-S-oxide + [thioredoxin]-dithiol

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A6, MSRAextracellular space, cytosol

• L-methionine (R)-S-oxideReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of methionine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. [thioredoxin]-disulfide + L-methionine + H2O = L-methionine (R)-S-oxide + [thioredoxin]-dithiol

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A6, MSRB3, MSRB1 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-CoA + glycine = N-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoyl-glycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by OAT, GATM, GLYATL2cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N-[(R)-4-phosphopantothenoyl]-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of cysteine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (R)-4'-phosphopantothenate:L-cysteine ligase

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A6, PPCSextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 3-iodo-L-tyrosineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of ornithine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. thyroid peroxidase (iodine)

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A6, TPOextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-prolineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-proline(out) + L-alanine(in) + Na(+)(out) = L-proline(in) + L-alanine(out) + Na(+)(in)

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A6, SLC1A4extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• N-benzoylglycineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. Hippurate (Benzoylglycinate) Formation

  Catalysed by OAT, GATMcytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 3-sulfino-L-alanineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of cysteine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Cysteine:oxygen oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A6, CDO1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-cysteinylglycineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. gamma-glutamyltransferase (alanine)

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A6, GGTLC3, GGT1 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• N(5)-[(Z)-amino(hydroxyimino)methyl]ornithineReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. L-arginine,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (N-(omega)-hydroxyarginine-forming)

  Catalysed by OAT, GATM, NOS3, NOS1 and 1 morecytosol

• Mo-molybdopterinReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O

  Catalysed by OAT, SLC7A6, MOCOSextracellular space, cytosol

• (2S)-2-aminobutanoateReach from here →
  1. L-ornithine + 2-oxoglutarate = L-glutamate 5-semialdehyde + L-glutamate
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase
  3. (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + glyoxylate = 2-oxobutanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by OAT, GATM, AGXT2cytosolOne of 3 routes