serotonin

Three steps

• CHEBI:15570Reach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of D-alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AANAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• (S)-malateReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. ATP citrate lyase (citrate)
  3. transport of malate and OAA (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by AANAT, ACLYcytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• L-leucineReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of glycine and leucine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AANAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 29 routes

• CHEBI:15611Reach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:glycine N-methyltransferase

  Catalysed by AANAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 12(S)-HPETEReach from here →
  1. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arachidonate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. arachidonate:oxygen 12-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, ALOX12extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 15(S)-HPETEReach from here →
  1. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arachidonate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. arachidonate:oxygen 15-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, ALOX15B and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 6 routes

• 5(S)-HPETEReach from here →
  1. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arachidonate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Arachidonate:oxygen 5-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLCO1B1, ALOX5extracellular space, cytosol

• (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterinReach from here →
  1. 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + H(+) = serotonin + CO2
  2. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tryptophan + O2 = 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin
  3. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tryptophan + O2 = 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin

  Catalysed by DDC, TPH1, TPH2One of 4 routes

• CHEBI:15699Reach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of glycine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AANAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 20 routes

• betaine aldehydeReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase
  3. choline dehydrogenase (choline)

  Catalysed by AANAT, CHAT, CHDHcytosol, nucleusOne of 3 routes

• trimethylenediamineReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermidine)
  3. deoxyhypusine synthase (1,3-diaminopropane)

  Catalysed by AANAT, SAT1, SAT2, DHPScytosolOne of 2 routes

• formateReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. alcohol dehydrogenase (formaldehyde)
  3. S-formylglutathione + H2O = formate + glutathione + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, ADH1C, ADH1A and 5 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• hexadecanoic acidReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase
  3. Utilized Transport

  Catalysed by AANAT, CPT1A, CPT1C, CPT1Bcytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 4 routes

• 1-acylglycerone 3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. Acyl-CoA:glycerone-phosphate O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by AANAT, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 2 morecytosol, Golgi apparatus

• N-carbamoyl-L-aspartic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. carbamoyl-phosphate:L-aspartate carbamoyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC6A4, SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:15971Reach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of glycine and histidine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AANAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 14 routes

• (R)-lactateReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. (R)-S-Lactoylglutathione methylglyoxal-lyase (isomerizing)
  3. (R)-S-lactoylglutathione + H2O = (R)-lactate + glutathione + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, GLO1, GLOD4 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• phosphatidylethanolamineReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. Acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by AANAT, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 6 morecytosol, Golgi apparatus

• 11-cis-retinalReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  3. 11-cis-retinol:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by AANAT, DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1 and 9 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(1+)Reach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. Acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by AANAT, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 5 morecytosol, Golgi apparatus

• hexadecan-1-olReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. Palmitate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. formate dehydrogenase (palmitoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by AANAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 7 morecytosol, peroxisome

• octan-1-olReach from here →
  1. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. solute carrier organic anion transporter (chenodiol)
  3. octyl beta-D-glucose + chenodeoxycholate = beta-D-glucosyl-(1->3)-O-chenodeoxycholate + octan-1-ol

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, GBA2extracellular space, cytosol

• sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of S-glutathionyl-2-4-dinitrobenzene (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. steroid sulfatase (sulfoglycolithocholate)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, STSextracellular space, cytosolOne of 14 routes

• 11-cis-retinyl hexadecanoateReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. Palmitate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by AANAT, SLC27A2, ACSL4, ACSL3 and 10 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• L-cystineReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. Transport of L-Cystine (L-Alanine antiport) by B0, +At Transporter

  Catalysed by AANAT, SLC7A9, SLC3A1cytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 8 routes

• (R)-3-aminoisobutyric acidReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by AANAT, AGXT2cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• phosphatidic acidReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 2-O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by AANAT, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 10 morecytosol, Golgi apparatus, mitochondrial matrixOne of 7 routes

• L-citrullineReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of citrulline and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AANAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 3 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 9 routes

• iodideReach from here →
  1. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of S-glutathionyl-2-4-dinitrobenzene (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine,iodide:acceptor oxidoreductase (iodinating)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, DIO1, DIO2extracellular space, cytosolOne of 10 routes

• L-valineReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of glycine and valine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AANAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 28 routes

• L-arginineReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of arginine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AANAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 22 routes

• CHEBI:16523Reach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AANAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 2 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• protein polypeptide chainReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. PROTEIN_BS

  Catalysed by AANAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 7 routes

• CHEBI:16633Reach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. amino-acid N-acetyltransferase (N-acetyl-L-alanine)
  3. L-selenocysteine selenide-lyase (L-alanine-forming)

  Catalysed by AANAT, SCLYcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• Met-tRNA(Met)Reach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)
  3. L-Methionine:tRNAMet ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AANAT, NAGS, MARS1cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• (S)-lactateReach from here →
  1. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of prostaglandin E2 (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. prostaglandin E2(out) + 2 (S)-lactate(in) = prostaglandin E2(in) + 2 (S)-lactate(out)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLCO2A1extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 14 routes

• taurochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. solute carrier organic anion transporter (S-glutathionyl-2-4-dinitrobenzene)
  3. taurochenodeoxycholate + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = taurochenodeoxycholate 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, SLC7A9, SULT2A1extracellular space, cytosol

• dopamine quinoneReach from here →
  1. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of dopamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Peroxidase

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, MPOextracellular space, cytosol, lysosomeOne of 4 routes

• 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoateReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetylmethionine)
  3. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine

  Catalysed by AANAT, NAGS, AADATcytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 2-oxobutanoateReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cystathionine)
  3. L-cystathionine cysteine-lyase (deaminating

  Catalysed by AANAT, NAGS, CTHcytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• tryptamineReach from here →
  1. 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + H(+) = serotonin + CO2
  2. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tryptophan + O2 = 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin
  3. L-tryptophan decarboxy-lyase

  Catalysed by DDC, TPH1, TPH2cytosol

• formaldehydeReach from here →
  1. transport of GSH and serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. alcohol dehydrogenase (formaldehyde)
  3. alcohol dehydrogenase (formaldehyde)

  Catalysed by SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, ADH1C, ADH1A and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:16857Reach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. transport of glycine and threonine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AANAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 3 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, extracellular spaceOne of 24 routes

• pantetheine 4'-phosphateReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. acid phosphatase 2, lysosomal (CoA)
  3. Dephospho-CoA nucleotidohydrolase

  Catalysed by AANAT, ACP2, ENPP3, ENPP1cytosol, lysosomeOne of 2 routes

• psychosineReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. UDP-alpha-D-galactose:sphingosine 1-beta-galactosyltransferase

  Catalysed by AANAT, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 1 morecytosol, Golgi apparatus

• glyoxylic acidReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (N-arachidonoylglycine)
  3. glycine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by AANAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1 and 1 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix, peroxisome

• N-acetyl-L-aspartateReach from here →
  1. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC6A4, SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. acyl-CoA:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by AANAT, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 5 morecytosol, Golgi apparatus, mitochondrial matrix

• oxalic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of chloride and oxalate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC6A4, SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC26A6extracellular space, cytosol

• a cholesterol esterReach from here →
  1. acetyl-CoA:aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
  2. acyl-CoA:sphingosine N-acyltransferase
  3. an acyl-CoA + cholesterol = a cholesterol ester + CoA

  Catalysed by AANAT, ASAH1, ACER2, ACER1 and 3 morecytosol, Golgi apparatus