potassium atom

Three steps

• kinetensinReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. Chymase

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, CMA1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• an N-(fatty acyl)-glycineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. a fatty acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-(fatty acyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A9, SLC6A14 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• N-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-glycineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoyl-CoA + glycine = N-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-glycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A9, SLC6A14 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• (7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase ((7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 5 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• acetaldehydeReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Threonine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. L-threonine acetaldehyde-lyase (glycine-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:15345Reach from here →
  1. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. Acetoacetate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• acetylcholineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC5A7, CHATextracellular space, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• pyruvateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of formate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC26A4, SLC16A4 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 23 routes

• all-trans-retinoic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of formate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC26A4, SLC16A4 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterinReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. L-phenylalanine,tetrahydrobiopterin:oxygen oxidoreductase(4-hydroxylating)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, PAHextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:15380Reach from here →
  1. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. 5-aminolevulinate synthase (2-amino-3-oxoadipate)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 8 routes

• CHEBI:15477Reach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. 2-Methylbutyrylglycine Transport, Extracellular
  3. glycine N-acyltransferase (2-methylbutyryl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A5, GLYAT and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 2-methylcrotonoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. Production of Tiglylcarnitine

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• isobutyryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxo-4-methyl-pentanoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 5 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 3-methylbut-2-enoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. glycine-N-acyltransferase (3-methylcrotonoylglycine)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• isovaleryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. glycine N-acyltransferase (isovalerylglycine)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 5 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• arachidonoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. Arachidonate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 10 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 11 routes

• CHEBI:15519Reach from here →
  1. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. propanoyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 5 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• palmitoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. Palmitate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 10 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 11 routes

• oleoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. Transport of octadecenoyl-CoA into Mitochondrial Matrix

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 5 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 11 routes

• phenylacetyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. Phenylacetate:CoA ligase

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• propionyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. Active Transport

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 45 routes

• CHEBI:15570Reach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of D-alanine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A9, SLC6A14 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• (S)-malateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of malate and sulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC26A6, SLC25A10extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 9 routes

• CHEBI:15611Reach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. S-Adenosyl-L-methionine:glycine N-methyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A9, SLC6A14 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• 10-formyltetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and formate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Formate:tetrahydrofolate ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC26A4, MTHFD1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterinReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. (6R)-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-phenylalanine + O2 = (4aS,6R)-4a-hydroxy-L-erythro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin + L-tyrosine

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, PAHextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:15650Reach from here →
  1. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. N-acetyl-LTE4 to leukotriene E4 conversion

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 34 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 6 routes

• CHEBI:15699Reach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of glycine and homoserine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A9, SLC6A14 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 52 routes

• betaine aldehydeReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and choline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. choline dehydrogenase (choline)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC5A7, CHDHextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• trimethylenediamineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. deoxyhypusine synthase (1,3-diaminopropane)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, DHPSextracellular space, cytosol

• CHEBI:15727Reach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and histidine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-histidine:beta-alanine ligase (ADP-forming)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, CARNS1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:15746Reach from here →
  1. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermine)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• hexadecanoic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Carnitine Transport by Atb0
  3. Utilized Transport

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosol, endoplasmic reticulumOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15765Reach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Tyrosine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. L-Tyrosine,tetrahydrobiopterin:oxygen oxidoreductase (3-hydroxylating)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, THextracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• malonateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and sulfate (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. malonate(in) + sulfate(out) = malonate(out) + sulfate(in)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC26A6, SLC25A14 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• bromideReach from here →
  1. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of GSH and serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 2-bromoacetaldehyde:glutathione S-(formylmethyl)transferase

  Catalysed by SLC6A4, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3, MGST3 and 16 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• alpha-D-glucosamine 6-phosphateReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Glutamine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. L-glutamine:D-fructose-6-phosphate isomerase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, GFPT2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylamineReach from here →
  1. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. N(4)-(beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-L-asparagine + H2O = N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylamine + L-aspartate + H(+)
  3. N(4)-(beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)-L-asparagine + H2O = N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylamine + L-aspartate + H(+)

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• thioredoxin dithiolReach from here →
  1. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. L-Aspartate:tRNA(Asp) ligase (AMP-forming)
  3. glycyl-tRNA(gly) phosphorylation

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• ureaReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arginine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Arginine amidinohydrolase

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, ARG1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• succinic semialdehydeReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of 4-aminobutyrate and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. 4-aminobutanoate:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A12, ABATextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• 11-cis-retinolReach from here →
  1. transport of aspartate (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. acetyl-CoA:L-aspartate N-acetyltransferase
  3. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by SLC1A7, SLC1A3, SLC1A2, SLC1A1 and 7 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• (R)-3-aminoisobutyric acidReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. (R)-3-Amino-2-methylpropanoate:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, AGXT2extracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• lithocholic acidReach from here →
  1. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of lithocholate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC6A4, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• (R)-carnitineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of betaine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. glycine betaine(out) + (R)-carnitine(in) = glycine betaine(in) + (R)-carnitine(out)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A12, SLC22A5extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• L-citrullineReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of citrulline and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A9, SLC6A14 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 42 routes

• nitric oxideReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of arginine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Arginine, NADPH:Oxygen Oxidoreductase (Nitric-Oxide-Forming)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, NOS3 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:16523Reach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. transport of D-serine and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A9, SLC6A14 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 2-phenylacetamideReach from here →
  1. transport of chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  2. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by Atb0 Transporter
  3. L-phenylalanine:oxygen 2-oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)

  Catalysed by SLC12A2, SLC12A1, SLC6A14, EPXextracellular space, cytosol