N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine

Three steps

• 3-disulfanyl-L-alanineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. Transport of L-Cystine (L-Alanine antiport) by B0, +At Transporter
  3. L-cystine thiocysteine-lyase (deaminating

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A9, SLC3A1, CTHextracellular space, cytosol

• N-acetyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, NAGSextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• a dicarboxylateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. Hippurate (Benzoylglycinate) Formation
  3. N-benzoylglycine(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = N-benzoylglycine(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC22A6, SLC22A8mitochondrial matrix, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• L-ascorbic acidReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. L-dehydroascorbate + 2 glutathione = glutathione disulfide + L-ascorbate

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GSS, CLIC1, GSTO1 and 1 more

• K(+)Reach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. K(+)(in) + L-cysteine(out) + 3 Na(+)(out) + H(+)(out) = K(+)(out) + L-cysteine(in) + 3 Na(+)(in) + H(+)(in)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, SLC1A1extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 4 routes

• Cys-tRNA(Cys)Reach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Cysteine:tRNA(Cys) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, CARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• Phe-tRNA(Phe)Reach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and phenylalanine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Phenylalanine:tRNA(Ala) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, FARSB, FARSAextracellular space, cytosol

• Asp-tRNA(Asp)Reach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate
  3. L-Aspartate:tRNA(Asp) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, DARS1cytosol

• Trp-tRNA(Trp)Reach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Tryptophan -tRNA(Trp) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, WARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• Ile-tRNA(Ile)Reach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Isoleucine:tRNA(Ile) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, IARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• Gln-tRNA(Gln)Reach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Glutamine:tRNA(Gln) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC3A2, SLC7A5, SLC7A10 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• isocyanateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and citrulline (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-citrulline + H(+) = isocyanate + L-ornithine

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, LACC1extracellular space, cytosol

• Asn-tRNA(Asn)Reach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and asparagine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Asparagine:tRNA(Asn) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, NARS1extracellular space, cytosol

• hydrogenselenideReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. L-selenocysteine + AH2 = hydrogenselenide + L-alanine + A + H(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, MOCOS, SCLY

• cholateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. solute carrier organic anion transporter (cholate)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• glycolateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  3. glycolate + NADP(+) = glyoxylate + NADPH + H(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GRHPROne of 3 routes

• hydrogen sulfideReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-cysteine hydrogen-sulfide-lyase (deaminating

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, CTHextracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• acetateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:30249Reach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and tryptophan (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-tryptophan:oxygen 2,3-oxidoreductase (decyclizing)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, IDO1, TDO2 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosol

• oxalateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  3. glyoxylate + O2 + H2O = oxalate + H2O2 + H(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, HAO1

• formic acidReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. transport of formate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A7 and 2 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• anthranilic acidReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. L-kynurenine + H2O = anthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)
  3. L-Kynurenine hydrolase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, KYNUcytosol

• propionic acidReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. transport of propanoate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• butyric acidReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC16A4, SLC16A5, SLC16A3 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• malonic acidReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and chloride (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Malonate Transport, Antiport with Chloride

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• (9Z)-octadecenoateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + glycine = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)glycine + CoA + H(+)
  3. (9Z)-octadecenoate + glycine = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)glycine + H2O

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GLYATL3, GLYATL2, FAAH and 1 more

• 3-hydroxypyruvic acidReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. L-Serine:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, AGXTcytosolOne of 2 routes

• an alcoholReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine + glycine + ATP = glutathione + ADP + phosphate + H(+)
  3. a hydroperoxide + 2 glutathione = an alcohol + glutathione disulfide + H2O

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GSS, CP, PRDX6

• glutarateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase
  3. glycocholate(out) + glutarate(in) = glycocholate(in) + glutarate(out)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, BAAT, SLC22A24peroxisome, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of arachidonate and GSH (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GSScytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• L-lysineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and leucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-lysine(in) + L-leucine(out) + Na(+)(out) = L-lysine(out) + L-leucine(in) + Na(+)(in)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, SLC7A7extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 7 routes

• D-lysineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. D-lysine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-lysine(out) + L-ornithine(in)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, SLC25A2extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• putrescineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and arginine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. Putrescine Export via Putrescine/Arginine Antiporter

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, SLC3A2, SLC7A7extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• D-arginineReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and ornithine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. D-arginine(in) + L-ornithine(out) = D-arginine(out) + L-ornithine(in)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A6, SLC25A2extracellular space, cytosol, inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• N-carbamoyl-L-aspartateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. oxaloacetate + L-alanine = L-aspartate + pyruvate
  3. carbamoyl phosphate + L-aspartate = N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate + phosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, CAD

• 3-oxopropanoateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. 3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine = beta-alanine + pyruvate

  Catalysed by AGXT2One of 2 routes

• 4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acidReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and methionine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Methionine:oxygen oxidoreductase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, IL4I1extracellular space, cytosol

• di-mu-sulfido-diiron(2+)Reach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. De novo synthesis of 2Fe2S

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, NDUFAB1, FDXR and 5 moreextracellular space, cytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• serotoninReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. transport of GSH and serotonin (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• (S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-isoleucine + 2-oxoglutarate = (S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + L-glutamate

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, BCAT2, BCAT1extracellular space, cytosol

• 3-methyl-2-oxovaleric acidReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. transport of alanine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)
  3. L-Leucine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, SLC7A5, BCAT1extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  3. L-tyrosine + glyoxylate = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + glycine

  Catalysed by AGXT2, AADATOne of 7 routes

• taurocholateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine:glycine ligase (ADP-forming)
  3. solute carrier organic anion transporter (GSH)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GSS, SLCO1A2, SLCO1B3cytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 3 routes

• 3-hydroxyanthranilateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + H2O = 3-hydroxyanthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)
  3. 3-hydroxy-L-kynurenine + H2O = 3-hydroxyanthranilate + L-alanine + H(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, KYNU

• (R)-lactic acidReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. (R)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, LDHDcytosol

• (S)-lactic acidReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. (S)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by AGXT2, LDHB, LDHAL6Bmitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• 25-hydroxycholesterolReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. cholesterol + AH2 + O2 = 25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O

  Catalysed by AGXT2, MOCOS, CH25H

• 2-iminopropanoateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. 2-iminopropanoate + H2O = pyruvate + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, RIDA

• phosphoenolpyruvic acidReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, PKM, PKLRcytosol

• N-acetyl-beta-neuraminic acidReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  2. N(omega),N('omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + pyruvate = 5-(3,3'-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-alanine
  3. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, NPLcytosol