glyoxylate

Two steps

• CHEBI:240943Reach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. glycine N-acyltransferase (2-methylbutyryl-CoA)

  Catalysed by AADAT, GLYAT, GLYATL2, GLYATL1mitochondrial matrix

• a quinolReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (S)-malate + CoA + H(+)
  2. (S)-malate + a quinone = enol-oxaloacetate + a quinol

  Catalysed by CLYBL, SDHB, SDHA

• phenylacetylglycineReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. phenylacetyl-CoA:glycine N-phenylacetyltransferase

  Catalysed by AADAT, GLYATcytosolOne of 3 routes

• selenomethionineReach from here →
  1. (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + glyoxylate = 2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. Selenomethionine methanethiol-lyase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, CTHcytosol

• CHEBI:27760Reach from here →
  1. (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + glyoxylate = 2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. Selenocystathionine Lysteine-lyase (deaminating)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, CTHcytosol

• (2-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acidReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-phenylalanine = 3-phenylpyruvate + glycine
  2. Phenylpyruvate:oxygen oxidoreductase (hydroxylating,decarboxylating)

  Catalysed by AADAT, HPDcytosol

• 2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. 2-oxopentanoate + N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-2-aminopentanoate

  Catalysed by AGXT2

• CHEBI:28666Reach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. LTD4 hydrolysis

  Catalysed by AADATcytosol

• a dicarboxylateReach from here →
  1. L-kynurenine + glyoxylate = kynurenate + glycine + H2O
  2. kynurenate(out) + a dicarboxylate(in) = kynurenate(in) + a dicarboxylate(out)

  Catalysed by KYAT3, AADAT, SLC22A8inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• L-ascorbic acidReach from here →
  1. N-octanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = octanamide + glyoxylate
  2. N-octanoylglycine + 2 L-ascorbate + O2 = N-octanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydro-L-ascorbate radical + H2O

  Catalysed by PAMOne of 6 routes

• 3-methyl-1-hydroxybutylthiamine diphosphateReach from here →
  1. L-leucine + glyoxylate = 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. branched chain keto acid dehydrogenase E1 (4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate)

  Catalysed by AADAT, BCKDHA, BCKDHBmitochondrial matrix

• Gly-tRNA(Gly)Reach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. glycine:tRNA(Gly) ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by AADAT, GARS1cytosol

• chlorine(.)Reach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. transport of chloride and glycine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AADAT, SLC6A9, SLC6A14extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• glycocholateReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAATperoxisomeOne of 3 routes

• acetateReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
  2. transport of acetate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT, AGXT2, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• formic acidReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
  2. transport of formate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT, AGXT2, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 3 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• propionic acidReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
  2. transport of propanoate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT, AGXT2, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• citric acidReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (S)-malate + CoA + H(+)
  2. Citrate Transport, Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by CLYBL, SLC25A1mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• butyric acidReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
  2. transport of butyrate and pyruvate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by AGXT, AGXT2, SLC16A4, SLC16A5 and 4 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 3-hydroxypyruvic acidReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
  2. L-Serine:pyruvate aminotransferase

  Catalysed by AGXT, AGXT2cytosolOne of 2 routes

• isocitric acidReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (S)-malate + CoA + H(+)
  2. Mitochondrial Carrier (Mc) Tcdb:2.A.29.7.2

  Catalysed by CLYBL, SLC25A1mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• glutarateReach from here →
  1. L-kynurenine + glyoxylate = kynurenate + glycine + H2O
  2. kynurenate(out) + glutarate(in) = kynurenate(in) + glutarate(out)

  Catalysed by KYAT3, AADAT, SLC22A6inner side of the membrane, outer side of the membraneOne of 2 routes

• cis-aconitic acidReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (S)-malate + CoA + H(+)
  2. Mitochondrial Carrier (Mc) Tcdb:2.A.29.7.2

  Catalysed by CLYBL, SLC25A1mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• 3-oxopropanoateReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
  2. 3-oxopropanoate + L-alanine = beta-alanine + pyruvate

  Catalysed by AGXT, AGXT2

• thiosulfateReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (S)-malate + CoA + H(+)
  2. transport of malate and thiosulfate (cytosol to mitochondria)

  Catalysed by CLYBL, SLC25A10mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• dodecanamideReach from here →
  1. N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = dodecanamide + glyoxylate
  2. N-dodecanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = dodecanamide + glyoxylate

  Catalysed by PAM

• 2-oxohexanoateReach from here →
  1. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + glyoxylate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. 2-oxohexanoate + N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine = L-2-aminohexanoate + 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate

  Catalysed by AGXT2

• D-serineReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
  2. D-serine = pyruvate + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT, AGXT2, SRR

• L-alpha-aminobutyric acidReach from here →
  1. (2S)-2-aminobutanoate + glyoxylate = 2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. glutamic-pyruvic transaminase ((S)-2-aminobutanoate)

  Catalysed by AGXT2, GPTcytosol

• 5-aminolevulinateReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. succinyl-CoA + glycine + H(+) = 5-aminolevulinate + CO2 + CoA

  Catalysed by AADAT, ALAS1, ALAS2

• glycochenodeoxycholateReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA + glycine = glycochenodeoxycholate + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAAT

• glycochenodeoxycholic acidReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAATperoxisomeOne of 3 routes

• 3-hydroxyisovaleric acidReach from here →
  1. L-leucine + glyoxylate = 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate + glycine
  2. 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate decarboxylation

  Catalysed by AADAT, ALOX12B, ALOXE3cytosol

• glycolithocholic acidReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. bile acid-CoA:amino acid N-acyltransferase (glycine)

  Catalysed by AADAT, BAATcytosolOne of 2 routes

• decanamideReach from here →
  1. N-decanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = decanamide + glyoxylate
  2. N-decanoyl-(2S)-hydroxyglycine = decanamide + glyoxylate

  Catalysed by PAM

• L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoic acidReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. Acetyl-CoA:glycine C-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by AADAT, GCATmitochondrial matrix

• (R)-lactic acidReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
  2. (R)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by AGXT, AGXT2, LDHDcytosol

• (S)-lactic acidReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
  2. (S)-Lactate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by AGXT, AGXT2, LDHB, LDHAL6Bmitochondrial matrixOne of 5 routes

• 2-iminopropanoateReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
  2. 2-iminopropanoate + H2O = pyruvate + NH4(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT, AGXT2, RIDA

• phosphoenolpyruvic acidReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
  2. pyruvate kinase (dTDP)

  Catalysed by AGXT, AGXT2, PKM, PKLRcytosol

• N-acetyl-beta-neuraminic acidReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
  2. N-Acetylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase (N-acetyl-D-mannosamine-forming)

  Catalysed by AGXT, AGXT2, NPLcytosol

• L-ornithineReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. L-Arginine:glycine amidinotransferase

  Catalysed by AADAT, GATMcytosolOne of 7 routes

• 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-oneReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-methionine = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + glycine
  2. 1,2-dihydroxy-5-(methylsulfanyl)pent-1-en-3-one + O2 = 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + formate + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by AADAT, ADI1

• S(8)-aminomethyldihydrolipoamideReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase ([protein]-N6-(lipoyl)lysine)

  Catalysed by AADAT, GLDC, GCSHmitochondrial matrix

• a 3-acylpyruvateReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + L-alanine = glycine + pyruvate
  2. a 3-acylpyruvate + H2O = a carboxylate + pyruvate + H(+)

  Catalysed by AGXT, AGXT2, FAHD1

• (S)-malyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. glyoxylate + acetyl-CoA + H2O = (S)-malate + CoA + H(+)
  2. (S)-malate + ATP + CoA = (S)-malyl-CoA + ADP + phosphate

  Catalysed by CLYBL, SUCLG1, SUCLA2

• propanoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)
  2. propanoyl-CoA + glyoxylate + H2O = 3-methylmalate + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by CLYBL

• sarcosineReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. sarcosine + O2 + H2O = formaldehyde + glycine + H2O2

  Catalysed by AADAT, PIPOXOne of 2 routes

• (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolateReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. (6R)-5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + glycine + H2O = (6S)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate + L-serine

  Catalysed by AADAT, SHMT1, SHMT2

• an N-acylglycineReach from here →
  1. glycine + 2-oxoglutarate = glyoxylate + L-glutamate
  2. an acyl-CoA + glycine = an N-acylglycine + CoA + H(+)

  Catalysed by AADAT, GLYATL3, GLYAT, GLYATL2