desmosterol

Three steps

• pregnenolone sulfateReach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. cytochrome P450 (cholesterol)
  3. 3'-phosphoadenylyl-sulfate:pregnenolone sulfotransferase

  Catalysed by DHCR24, CYP11A1, SULT2B1endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• (24S)-hydroxycholesterol 24-sulfateReach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Cytochrome P450, Family 46, Subfamily A, Polypeptide 1
  3. (24S)-hydroxycholesterol + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = (24S)-hydroxycholesterol 24-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by DHCR24, CYP46A1, SULT2A1endoplasmic reticulum

• (24S)-hydroxycholesterol 3-sulfateReach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Cytochrome P450, Family 46, Subfamily A, Polypeptide 1
  3. (24S)-hydroxycholesterol + 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate = (24S)-hydroxycholesterol 3-sulfate + adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + H(+)

  Catalysed by DHCR24, CYP46A1, SULT2B1, SULT1E1 and 1 moreendoplasmic reticulum

• beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enineReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + NADP(+) = desmosterol + NADPH + H(+)
  2. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  3. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside

  Catalysed by DHCR24, GBA1, GBA2One of 2 routes

• an N-acyl-sphinga-4E,14Z-dienineReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + NADP(+) = desmosterol + NADPH + H(+)
  2. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  3. an N-acylsphing-4-enine + 2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + O2 + 2 H(+) = an N-acyl-sphinga-4E,14Z-dienine + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O

  Catalysed by DHCR24, GBA1, GBA2, FADS3

• sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamineReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + NADP(+) = desmosterol + NADPH + H(+)
  2. 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  3. 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine + 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine

  Catalysed by DHCR24, LCAT, PLA2G4C

• (7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase ((7Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1, CPT1A and 2 moreendoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• CHEBI:15345Reach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. Acetoacetate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1, AACSendoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• cholineReach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. Acetyl-CoA:choline O-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1, CHATendoplasmic reticulum, nucleusOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15380Reach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. 5-aminolevulinate synthase (2-amino-3-oxoadipate)

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1, ALAS1 and 1 moreendoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial matrixOne of 8 routes

• CHEBI:15477Reach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. glycine N-acyltransferase (2-methylbutyryl-CoA)

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1, GLYAT and 2 moreendoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 2-methylcrotonoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. Production of Tiglylcarnitine

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1, CPT1A and 1 moreendoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• isobutyryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxo-4-methyl-pentanoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1, HADHA and 2 moreendoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• 3-methylbut-2-enoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. glycine-N-acyltransferase (3-methylcrotonoylglycine)

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1, GLYATendoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial matrix

• isovaleryl-CoAReach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. glycine N-acyltransferase (isovalerylglycine)

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1, GLYAT and 2 moreendoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial matrixOne of 3 routes

• arachidonoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. Arachidonate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1, SLC27A2 and 7 moreendoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 11 routes

• CHEBI:15519Reach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. propanoyl-CoA C-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1, ACAA1 and 2 moreendoplasmic reticulum, peroxisomeOne of 2 routes

• palmitoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. Palmitate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1, SLC27A2 and 7 moreendoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 11 routes

• oleoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. Transport of octadecenoyl-CoA into Mitochondrial Matrix

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1, CPT1A and 2 moreendoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 11 routes

• phenylacetyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. Phenylacetate:CoA ligase

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• propionyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. Propanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1, ACSS3 and 2 moreendoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 43 routes

• CHEBI:15650Reach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. N-acetyl-LTE4 to leukotriene E4 conversion

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1, ZDHHC11B and 31 moreendoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• betaine aldehydeReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + NADP(+) = desmosterol + NADPH + H(+)
  2. cholesterol + AH2 + O2 = 25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O
  3. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2

  Catalysed by DHCR24, CH25H, CHDH

• CHEBI:15727Reach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. N-alpha-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit (acetylcarnosine)

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1, NAA10endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol

• CHEBI:15746Reach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. diamine N-acetyltransferase (N1-acetylspermine)

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1, SAT1 and 1 moreendoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• hexadecanoic acidReach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Acyl-CoA:cholesterol O-acyltransferase
  3. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1, CEL and 1 moreendoplasmic reticulum, lysosomeOne of 3 routes

• 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine(1+)Reach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Phosphatidylcholine:sterol O-acyltransferase
  3. Acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by DHCR24, LCAT, LPCAT4, LPCAT3 and 2 moreendoplasmic reticulum, cytosol

• sulfateReach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. 3'-phosphoadenylyl-sulfate:cholesterol sulfotransferase
  3. Cholesterol-sulfate sulfohydrolase

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SULT2B1, SULT1A3, STSendoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 11-cis-retinolReach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1, DGAT1 and 4 moreendoplasmic reticulum, cytosol

• oxaloacetateReach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. ATP citrate lyase (citrate)

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1, ACLYendoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositolReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + NADP(+) = desmosterol + NADPH + H(+)
  2. a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(out) + cholesterol(in) = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate)(in) + cholesterol(out)
  3. ATP:1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphotransferase

  Catalysed by DHCR24, OSBP, PTPRQ, INPPL1 and 11 moreinner side of the membrane, outer side of the membrane, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• formaldehydeReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + NADP(+) = desmosterol + NADPH + H(+)
  2. cholesterol + AH2 + O2 = 25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O
  3. N(6),N(6)-dimethyl-L-lysyl(4)-[histone H3] + 2 A + 2 H2O = L-lysyl(4)-[histone H3] + 2 formaldehyde + 2 AH2

  Catalysed by DHCR24, CH25H, KDM1A, KDM1BOne of 3 routes

• sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholineReach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Phosphatidylcholine:sterol O-acyltransferase
  3. 1-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine acylhydrolase

  Catalysed by DHCR24, LCAT, LYPLA1, LYPLA2 and 8 moreendoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 7 routes

• progesteroneReach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. cytochrome P450 (cholesterol)
  3. Pregnenolone:NAD+ 3-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by DHCR24, CYP11A1, HSD3B1, HSD3B2endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial matrix, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• anilineReach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. Acetyl-CoA:arylamine N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1, NAT2 and 1 moreendoplasmic reticulum, cytosol

• CHEBI:17312Reach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. N1,N12-diacetylspermine to N1-acetylspermine conversion

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1endoplasmic reticulum, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• all-trans-retinolReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + NADP(+) = desmosterol + NADPH + H(+)
  2. cholesterol + AH2 + O2 = 25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O
  3. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2

  Catalysed by DHCR24, CH25H, RETSAT

• linoleic acidReach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Acyl-CoA:cholesterol O-acyltransferase
  3. Steryl-ester acylhydrolase

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1, CEL and 1 moreendoplasmic reticulum, lysosomeOne of 2 routes

• AH2Reach from here →
  1. cholesterol + NADP(+) = desmosterol + NADPH + H(+)
  2. cholesterol + AH2 + O2 = 25-hydroxycholesterol + A + H2O
  3. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)

  Catalysed by DHCR24, CH25H, AIFM1, PYROXD1One of 19 routes

• L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. N-acetylglutamate synthase (N-acetyl-L-cysteine)

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1, NAGSendoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• a sphingomyelinReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + NADP(+) = desmosterol + NADPH + H(+)
  2. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  3. ceramide:phosphatidylcholine cholinephosphotransferase

  Catalysed by DHCR24, GBA1, GBA2, SGMS1 and 1 moreGolgi apparatusOne of 8 routes

• (7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:3->C16:3), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1, HADHA and 2 moreendoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial matrix

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + NADP(+) = desmosterol + NADPH + H(+)
  2. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  3. ceramide:phosphatidylcholine cholinephosphotransferase

  Catalysed by DHCR24, GBA1, GBA2, SGMS1 and 1 moreGolgi apparatusOne of 9 routes

• 7alpha-hydroxycholest-4-en-3-oneReach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. cytochrome P450 (cholesterol)
  3. 7alpha-Hydroxycholesterol:NAD+ 3-oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by DHCR24, CYP7A1, HSD3B7endoplasmic reticulumOne of 5 routes

• CHEBI:17927Reach from here →
  1. 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase [Precursor]
  2. Sterol O-Acyltransferase
  3. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion

  Catalysed by DHCR24, SOAT2, SOAT1endoplasmic reticulum, cytosol

• dodecanoateReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + NADP(+) = desmosterol + NADPH + H(+)
  2. 1-(beta-D-galactosyl)-N-dodecanoylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-galactoside + N-dodecanoylsphing-4-enine
  3. H2O[c] + N-dodecanoylsphing-4-enine[c] = lauric acid[c] + sphingosine[c]

  Catalysed by DHCR24, GBA1, GBA2, NAAAcytosolOne of 2 routes

• D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosineReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + NADP(+) = desmosterol + NADPH + H(+)
  2. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  3. UDP-glucose:N-acylsphingosine D-glucosyltransferase

  Catalysed by DHCR24, GBA1, GBA2, UGCGcytosolOne of 2 routes

• a beta-D-galactosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + NADP(+) = desmosterol + NADPH + H(+)
  2. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  3. an N-acylsphing-4-enine + UDP-alpha-D-galactose = a beta-D-galactosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + UDP + H(+)

  Catalysed by DHCR24, GBA1, GBA2, UGT8One of 3 routes

• a beta-D-xylosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + NADP(+) = desmosterol + NADPH + H(+)
  2. a beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine
  3. a beta-D-xylosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphing-4-enine + cholesterol = cholesteryl 3-beta-D-xyloside + an N-acylsphing-4-enine

  Catalysed by DHCR24, GBA1, GBA2, GBA3One of 3 routes

• beta-D-xylosyl-(1<->1')-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enineReach from here →
  1. cholesterol + NADP(+) = desmosterol + NADPH + H(+)
  2. beta-D-glucosyl-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4E-enine + cholesterol = N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + cholesteryl 3-beta-D-glucoside
  3. N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + UDP-alpha-D-xylose = beta-D-xylosyl-(1<->1')-N-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sphing-4-enine + UDP + H(+)

  Catalysed by DHCR24, GBA1, GBA2, UGCG