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Proteins/UNIPROT:P22680

CYP7A1

Protein·UNIPROT:P22680Cytochrome P450 7A1

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A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of endogenous cholesterol and its oxygenated derivatives (oxysterols). Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase). Functions as a critical regulatory enzyme of bile acid biosynthesis and cholesterol homeostasis. Catalyzes the hydroxylation of carbon hydrogen bond at 7-alpha position of cholesterol, a rate-limiting step in cholesterol catabolism and bile acid biosynthesis. 7-alpha hydroxylates several oxysterols, including 4beta-hydroxycholesterol and 24-hydroxycholesterol. Catalyzes the oxidation of the 7,8 double bond of 7-dehydrocholesterol and lathosterol with direct and predominant formation of the 7-keto derivatives..

Function from UniProtKB (P22680), read 2026-09-23. CC BY 4.0.

Curated compounds routed: 0

What the reference databases state

Inferred

Inferred — not reported by a source. Evidence key

GenCC submitters' classifications

1 row

hypercholesterolemia due to cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase deficiency has a germline basis in CYP7A1DiseaseGenCC HGNC:2651|MONDO:0016203Inferred only

Statements

49 statements

49 statements · 6 reference databases · Subject: CYP7A1 · Sources: gene ontology, Human-GEM, Reactome, Rhea, UniProt, WikiPathways

Search this listOrder

(24R)-hydroxycholesterol is metabolised by CYP7A1CompoundRhea RHEA:16093Inferred only
(24S)-hydroxycholesterol is metabolised by CYP7A1CompoundRhea RHEA:46124Inferred only
4beta-hydroxycholesterol is metabolised by CYP7A1CompoundRhea RHEA:46120Inferred only
7-dehydrocholesterol is metabolised by CYP7A1CompoundRhea RHEA:53248Inferred only
CHEBI:1307929 is metabolised by CYP7A1CompoundHuman-GEM MAR01581Inferred only
cholate is metabolised by CYP7A1CompoundHuman-GEM MAR01831Inferred only
cholate is metabolised by CYP7A1CompoundHuman-GEM MAR01830Inferred only
cholesterol is metabolised by CYP7A1CompoundRhea RHEA:21812Inferred only
lathosterol is metabolised by CYP7A1CompoundRhea RHEA:53252Inferred only
lathosterol is metabolised by CYP7A1CompoundRhea RHEA:53256Inferred only
lathosterol is metabolised by CYP7A1CompoundHuman-GEM MAR01510Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in 5q35 copy number variationPathwayWikiPathways WP5380Inferred only

Show the remaining 37

CYP7A1 participates in 7 oxo C and 7 beta HC pathwaysPathwayWikiPathways WP5064Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Angiopoietin like protein 8 regulatory pathwayPathwayWikiPathways WP3915Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Bile acid and bile salt metabolismPathwayReactome R-HSA-194068Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Bile acid synthesis and enterohepatic circulation PathwayWikiPathways WP4389Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Biological oxidationsPathwayReactome R-HSA-211859Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Cholesterol biosynthesis pathway in hepatocytesPathwayWikiPathways WP5329Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Cholesterol metabolismPathwayWikiPathways WP5304Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Cytochrome P450 - arranged by substrate typePathwayReactome R-HSA-211897Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Disorders of bile acid synthesis and biliary transportPathwayWikiPathways WP5176Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Drug induction of bile acid pathwayPathwayWikiPathways WP2289Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Endogenous sterolsPathwayReactome R-HSA-211976Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Farnesoid X receptor pathwayPathwayWikiPathways WP2879Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Liver X receptor pathwayPathwayWikiPathways WP2874Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in MetabolismPathwayReactome R-HSA-1430728Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Metabolism of lipidsPathwayReactome R-HSA-556833Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Metabolism of steroidsPathwayReactome R-HSA-8957322Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Metapathway biotransformation Phase I and IIPathwayWikiPathways WP702Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Nuclear receptors in lipid metabolism and toxicityPathwayWikiPathways WP299Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Nuclear receptors meta pathwayPathwayWikiPathways WP2882Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Oxidation by cytochrome P450PathwayWikiPathways WP43Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Oxysterols derived from cholesterolPathwayWikiPathways WP4545Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Phase I - Functionalization of compoundsPathwayReactome R-HSA-211945Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in PPAR alpha pathwayPathwayWikiPathways WP2878Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in PPAR signalingPathwayWikiPathways WP3942Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in PPARA activates gene expressionPathwayReactome R-HSA-1989781Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Regulation of lipid metabolism by PPARalphaPathwayReactome R-HSA-400206Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Signaling lipidsPathwayWikiPathways WP5584Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Statin inhibition of cholesterol productionPathwayWikiPathways WP430Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile saltsPathwayReactome R-HSA-192105Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 27-hydroxycholesterolPathwayReactome R-HSA-193807Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Synthesis of bile acids and bile salts via 7alpha-hydroxycholesterolPathwayReactome R-HSA-193368Inferred only
CYP7A1 participates in Vitamin D receptor pathwayPathwayWikiPathways WP2877Inferred only
CYP7A1 regulates negative regulation of collagen biosynthetic processBiological processgene ontology P22680|GO:0032966Inferred only
CYP7A1 regulates negative regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic processBiological processgene ontology P22680|GO:0045717Inferred only
CYP7A1 regulates positive regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic processBiological processgene ontology P22680|GO:0045542Inferred only
CYP7A1 regulates regulation of bile acid biosynthetic processBiological processgene ontology P22680|GO:0070857Inferred only
CYP7A1 requires the cofactor hemeCompoundUniProt P22680Inferred only

Reactions

11 reactions

proton+lathosterol+NADPH(4-)+dioxygen2water+NADP(3-)+7-dehydrocholesterol
Catalysed by SC5D or CYP7A1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 1.14.19.20endoplasmic reticulum
Human-GEM MAR01510CC BY 4.0Reference data
CHEBI:1307929+proton+NADPH(4-)+

Other names

5 names

Resolves to: CYP7A1

Also called: 24-hydroxycholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylaseCholesterol 7-alpha-hydroxylaseCholesterol 7-alpha-monooxygenaseCYP7CYPVII

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7alpha-hydroxycholesterol

Catalysed by CYP7A1

Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 1.14.14.23endoplasmic reticulum

Human-GEM MAR01581CC BY 4.0Reference data

cholate+water+NADP(3-)deoxycholate+proton+NADPH(4-)+dioxygen

Catalysed by CYP7A1

Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 1.14.14.23cytosol

Human-GEM MAR01830CC BY 4.0Reference data

cholate+water+NADP(3-)deoxycholate+proton+NADPH(4-)+dioxygen

Catalysed by CYP7A1

Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 1.14.14.23endoplasmic reticulum

Human-GEM MAR01831CC BY 4.0Reference data

(24R)-hydroxycholesterol+reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+dioxygenCHEBI:50518+oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+water+hydron

Catalysed by CYP7A1

Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable

Rhea RHEA:16093CC BY 4.0Reference data

cholesterol+reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+dioxygen7alpha-hydroxycholesterol+oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+water+hydron

Catalysed by CYP7A1

Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable

Rhea RHEA:21812CC BY 4.0Reference data

4beta-hydroxycholesterol+reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+dioxygenCHEBI:85779+oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+water+hydron

Catalysed by CYP7A1

Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable

Rhea RHEA:46120CC BY 4.0Reference data

(24S)-hydroxycholesterol+reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+dioxygen(24S)-7alpha-dihydroxycholesterol+oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+water+hydron

Catalysed by CYP7B1 or CYP7A1 or CYP39A1

Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable

Rhea RHEA:46124CC BY 4.0Reference data

7-dehydrocholesterol+reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+dioxygenCHEBI:64294+oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+water+hydron

Catalysed by CYP7A1

Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable

Rhea RHEA:53248CC BY 4.0Reference data

lathosterol+reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+dioxygenCHEBI:137062+oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+water+hydron

Catalysed by CYP7A1

Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable

Rhea RHEA:53252CC BY 4.0Reference data

lathosterol+reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+dioxygenCHEBI:137063+oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+water+hydron

Catalysed by CYP7A1

Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable

Rhea RHEA:53256CC BY 4.0Reference data