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Proteins/UNIPROT:P05108
A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that catalyzes the side-chain hydroxylation and cleavage of cholesterol to pregnenolone, the precursor of most steroid hormones. Catalyzes three sequential oxidation reactions of cholesterol, namely the hydroxylation at C22 followed with the hydroxylation at C20 to yield 20R,22R-hydroxycholesterol that is further cleaved between C20 and C22 to yield the C21-steroid pregnenolone and 4-methylpentanal. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate and reducing the second into a water molecule. Two electrons are provided by NADPH via a two-protein mitochondrial transfer system comprising flavoprotein FDXR (adrenodoxin/ferredoxin reductase) and nonheme iron-sulfur protein FDX1 or FDX2 (adrenodoxin/ferredoxin)..
Function from UniProtKB (P05108), read 2026-09-23. CC BY 4.0.
Curated compounds routed: 0
2 rows
54 statements
54 statements · 8 reference databases · Subject: CYP11A1 · Sources: Bgee, Hetionet, Human Protein Atlas, Human-GEM, Reactome, Rhea, UniProt, WikiPathways
11 reactions
CHEBI:1307929+proton+NADPH(4-)+dioxygen(22S)-22-hydroxycholesterol+water+NADP(3-)
Catalysed by CYP11A1 or CYP1B1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 1.14.13.-mitochondrial matrix
Human-GEM MAR01927CC BY 4.0Reference data
5 names
Resolves to: CYP11A1
Catalysed by CYP11A1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 1.14.15.16mitochondrial matrix
Human-GEM MAR01928CC BY 4.0Reference data
(20R,22R)-20,22-dihydroxycholesterol+proton+NADPH(4-)+dioxygen2water+4-methylpentanal+NADP(3-)+pregnenolone
Catalysed by CYP11A1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 1.14.15.16mitochondrial matrix
Human-GEM MAR01929CC BY 4.0Reference data
CHEBI:1307929+2proton+dioxygen+2reduced adrenodoxinMAM00592c+water+2MAM02663c
Catalysed by CYP11A1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminableEC 1.14.15.6cytosol
Human-GEM MAR01932CC BY 4.0Reference data
(20R)-17alpha,20-dihydroxycholesterol+4proton+2dioxygen+4reduced adrenodoxin17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone+3water+4-methylpentanal+4MAM02663c
Catalysed by CYP11A1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminableEC 1.14.15.6cytosol
Human-GEM MAR01934CC BY 4.0Reference data
MAM00592c+2proton+dioxygen+2reduced adrenodoxin(20R,22R)-20,22-dihydroxycholesterol+water+2MAM02663c
Catalysed by CYP11A1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminableEC 1.14.15.6cytosol
Human-GEM MAR01935CC BY 4.0Reference data
CHEBI:1307929+proton+NADPH(4-)+2dioxygen2water+4-methylpentanal+NADP(3-)+pregnenolone
Catalysed by CYP11A1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 1.14.15.6mitochondrial matrix
Human-GEM MAR07935CC BY 4.0Reference data
2reduced [adrenodoxin]+cholesterol+dioxygen+2hydron(22R)-hydroxycholesterol+2oxidized [adrenodoxin]+water
Catalysed by CYP11A1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:34335CC BY 4.0Reference data
(22R)-hydroxycholesterol+2reduced [adrenodoxin]+dioxygen+2hydron(20R,22R)-20,22-dihydroxycholesterol+2oxidized [adrenodoxin]+water
Catalysed by CYP11A1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:34339CC BY 4.0Reference data
(20R,22R)-20,22-dihydroxycholesterol+2reduced [adrenodoxin]+dioxygen+2hydron4-methylpentanal+pregnenolone+2oxidized [adrenodoxin]+2water
Catalysed by CYP11A1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:34343CC BY 4.0Reference data
6reduced [adrenodoxin]+cholesterol+3dioxygen+6hydron4-methylpentanal+pregnenolone+6oxidized [adrenodoxin]+4water
Catalysed by CYP11A1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:35739CC BY 4.0Reference data