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Proteins/UNIPROT:Q9Y6A2
P450 monooxygenase that plays a major role in cholesterol homeostasis in the brain. Primarily catalyzes the hydroxylation (with S stereochemistry) at C-24 of cholesterol side chain, triggering cholesterol diffusion out of neurons and its further degradation. By promoting constant cholesterol elimination in neurons, may activate the mevalonate pathway and coordinate the synthesis of new cholesterol and nonsterol isoprenoids involved in synaptic activity and learning (By similarity). Further hydroxylates cholesterol derivatives and hormone steroids on both the ring and side chain of these molecules, converting them into active oxysterols involved in lipid signaling and biosynthesis. Acts as an epoxidase converting cholesta-5,24-dien-3beta-ol/desmosterol into (24S),25-epoxycholesterol, an abundant lipid ligand of nuclear NR1H2 and NR1H3 receptors shown to promote neurogenesis in developing brain. May also catalyze the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics, such as clotrimazole..
Function from UniProtKB (Q9Y6A2), read 2026-09-23. CC BY 4.0.
Curated compounds routed: 1 · metabolized by
1 compound
1 compound.
0 reported routes1 assembled route
322 statements
322 statements · 8 reference databases · Subject: CYP46A1 · Sources: Bgee, gene ontology, Hetionet, Human-GEM, Reactome, Rhea, UniProt, WikiPathways · Rows fetched: 300
16 reactions
CHEBI:1307929+proton+NADPH(4-)+dioxygen(24S)-hydroxycholesterol+water+NADP(3-)
Catalysed by CYP46A1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 1.14.14.25endoplasmic reticulum
Human-GEM MAR01571CC BY 4.0Reference data
5 names
Resolves to: CYP46A1
Catalysed by CYP46A1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalancedEC 1.14.14.25cytosol
Human-GEM MAR01735CC BY 4.0Reference data
cholesterol+reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+dioxygen(24S)-hydroxycholesterol+oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+water+hydron
Catalysed by CYP46A1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:22716CC BY 4.0Reference data
testosterone+reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+dioxygen6beta,17beta-dihydroxyandrost-4-en-3-one+oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+water+hydron
Catalysed by CYP3A4 or CYP3A5 or CYP3A7 or CYP1B1 or CYP46A1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:46296CC BY 4.0Reference data
testosterone+reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+dioxygen2-hydroxytestosterone+oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+water+hydron
Catalysed by CYP46A1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:46300CC BY 4.0Reference data
testosterone+reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+dioxygen16beta,17beta-dihydroxyandrost-4-en-3-one+oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+water+hydron
Catalysed by CYP2B6 or CYP46A1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:46304CC BY 4.0Reference data
progesterone+reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+dioxygen17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone+oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+water+hydron
Catalysed by CYP17A1 or CYP46A1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:46308CC BY 4.0Reference data
7alpha-hydroxycholesterol+reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+dioxygen(24S)-7alpha-dihydroxycholesterol+oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+water+hydron
Catalysed by CYP46A1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:46380CC BY 4.0Reference data
(24S)-hydroxycholesterol+reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+dioxygen24S,25-dihydroxycholesterol+oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+water+hydron
Catalysed by CYP46A1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:46384CC BY 4.0Reference data
(24S)-hydroxycholesterol+reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+dioxygen(24S,25R)-24,26-dihydroxycholesterol+oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+water+hydron
Catalysed by CYP46A1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:46388CC BY 4.0Reference data
4beta-hydroxycholesterol+reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+dioxygenCHEBI:86087+oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+water+hydron
Catalysed by CYP46A1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:46392CC BY 4.0Reference data
desmosterol+reduced [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+dioxygenCHEBI:41633+oxidized [NADPH--hemoprotein reductase]+water+hydron
Catalysed by CYP46A1
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:53232CC BY 4.0Reference data