all-trans-retinol

Three steps

• CHEBI:15971Reach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. transport of cysteine and histidine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by RETSAT, MOCOS, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• CHEBI:15978Reach from here →
  1. Lecithin Retinol Acyltransferase
  2. 1-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine acylhydrolase
  3. sn-Glycero-3-phosphocholine glycerophosphohydrolase

  Catalysed by LRAT, LYPLA1, LYPLA2, PLA2G4A and 8 morecytosol

• methanethiolReach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. N(6),N(6)-dimethyl-L-lysyl(4)-[histone H3] + 2 A + 2 H2O = L-lysyl(4)-[histone H3] + 2 formaldehyde + 2 AH2
  3. methanethiol + O2 + H2O = hydrogen sulfide + formaldehyde + H2O2 + H(+)

  Catalysed by RETSAT, KDM1A, KDM1B, SELENBP1

• L-cystineReach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. thioredoxin-disulfide reductase (NADPH) (cystine)

  Catalysed by RETSAT, MOCOS, TXNRD1, TXNRD3 and 1 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• cob(II)alaminReach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  3. 2 cob(II)alamin + A + 2 H2O + 2 H(+) = 2 aquacob(III)alamin + AH2

  Catalysed by RETSAT, AIFM1, PYROXD1, MTRR

• phosphatidic acidReach from here →
  1. Lecithin Retinol Acyltransferase
  2. Acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine O-acyltransferase
  3. phosphatidylcholine phosphatidohydrolase

  Catalysed by LRAT, LPCAT4, LPCAT3, LPCAT2 and 4 morecytosolOne of 4 routes

• L-citrullineReach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. transport of citrulline and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by RETSAT, MOCOS, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• iodideReach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  3. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine + AH2

  Catalysed by RETSAT, AIFM1, PYROXD1, DIO1 and 1 moreOne of 22 routes

• L-valineReach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. transport of cysteine and valine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by RETSAT, MOCOS, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• L-arginineReach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. transport of arginine and cysteine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by RETSAT, MOCOS, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosolOne of 5 routes

• nitric oxideReach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  3. 2 nitrite + AH2 + 2 H(+) = 2 nitric oxide + A + 2 H2O

  Catalysed by RETSAT, AIFM1, PYROXD1, SUOX

• protein polypeptide chainReach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. PROTEIN_BS

  Catalysed by RETSAT, MOCOScytosol

• 3'-deoxy-3',4'-didehydro-CTPReach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  3. CTP + AH2 + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 3'-deoxy-3',4'-didehydro-CTP + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + H2O + H(+)

  Catalysed by RETSAT, AIFM1, PYROXD1, RSAD2

• (S)-2-hydroxyglutarateReach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  3. (S)-2-hydroxyglutarate + A = 2-oxoglutarate + AH2

  Catalysed by RETSAT, AIFM1, PYROXD1, L2HGDH

• CHEBI:16856Reach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. cystine to cysteine conversion

  Catalysed by RETSAT, MOCOScytosol

• CHEBI:16857Reach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. transport of cysteine and threonine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by RETSAT, MOCOS, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphateReach from here →
  1. a triacylglycerol + all-trans-retinol = an all-trans-retinyl ester + a diacylglycerol
  2. a diacylglycerol + H2O = a monoacylglycerol + a fatty acid + H(+)
  3. ATP:acylglycerol 3-phosphotransferase

  Catalysed by PNPLA4, PNPLA2, DDHD2, LIPE and 1 morecytosolOne of 6 routes

• a cholesterol esterReach from here →
  1. Lecithin Retinol Acyltransferase
  2. Acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine O-acyltransferase
  3. Phosphatidylcholine:sterol O-acyltransferase

  Catalysed by LRAT, LPCAT4, LPCAT3, LPCAT2 and 2 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acidReach from here →
  1. retinol: NADP+ oxidoreductase
  2. retinal:NAD+ oxidoreductase
  3. transport of (R)-3-hydroxybutanoate and retinoate (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by DHRS3, RDH10, RDH11, RDH12 and 9 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 2 routes

• L-isoleucineReach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. transport of cysteine and isoleucine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by RETSAT, MOCOS, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• CHEBI:17203Reach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. transport of cysteine and proline (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by RETSAT, MOCOS, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 3 routes

• anilineReach from here →
  1. Lecithin Retinol Acyltransferase
  2. Acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine O-acyltransferase
  3. Acetyl-CoA:arylamine N-acetyltransferase

  Catalysed by LRAT, LPCAT4, LPCAT3, LPCAT2 and 3 morecytosol

• CHEBI:17312Reach from here →
  1. Lecithin Retinol Acyltransferase
  2. Acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine O-acyltransferase
  3. N1,N12-diacetylspermine to N1-acetylspermine conversion

  Catalysed by LRAT, LPCAT4, LPCAT3, LPCAT2 and 1 morecytosolOne of 2 routes

• 5'-deoxyadenosineReach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  3. N(6)-dimethylallyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-SH + AH2 + 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 2-methylsulfanyl-N(6)-dimethylallyladenosine(37) in tRNA + (sulfur carrier)-H + 5'-deoxyadenosine + L-methionine + A + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + 2 H(+)

  Catalysed by RETSAT, AIFM1, PYROXD1, CDK5RAP1One of 4 routes

• linoleic acidReach from here →
  1. Lecithin Retinol Acyltransferase
  2. 1-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine acylhydrolase
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by LRAT, LYPLA1, LYPLA2, PLA2G4A and 7 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 12 routes

• hexadecanalReach from here →
  1. all-trans-retinol + hexadecanoyl-CoA = all-trans-retinyl hexadecanoate + CoA
  2. all-trans-retinyl hexadecanoate + H2O = all-trans-retinol + hexadecanoate + H(+)
  3. hexadecanoate + NADH + 2 H(+) = hexadecanal + NAD(+) + H2O

  Catalysed by DGAT1, PNPLA4, AWAT2, MOGAT3 and 6 more

• a sphingomyelinReach from here →
  1. Lecithin Retinol Acyltransferase
  2. Acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine O-acyltransferase
  3. ceramide:phosphatidylcholine cholinephosphotransferase

  Catalysed by LRAT, LPCAT4, LPCAT3, LPCAT2 and 3 morecytosol, Golgi apparatusOne of 5 routes

• 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine sulfateReach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  3. 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine sulfate + iodide + A + H(+) = L-thyroxine sulfate + AH2

  Catalysed by RETSAT, AIFM1, PYROXD1, DIO1

• 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  3. 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by RETSAT, AIFM1, PYROXD1, DIO1 and 1 moreOne of 2 routes

• 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine sulfateReach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  3. 3,3'-diiodo-L-thyronine sulfate + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine sulfate + AH2

  Catalysed by RETSAT, AIFM1, PYROXD1, DIO1One of 2 routes

• (7Z,10Z,13Z)-hexadecatrienoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Lecithin Retinol Acyltransferase
  2. Acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine O-acyltransferase
  3. Fatty Acid Beta Oxidation (C18:3->C16:3), Mitochondrial

  Catalysed by LRAT, LPCAT4, LPCAT3, LPCAT2 and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrix

• CHEBI:17724Reach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. N(6),N(6)-dimethyl-L-lysyl(4)-[histone H3] + 2 A + 2 H2O = L-lysyl(4)-[histone H3] + 2 formaldehyde + 2 AH2
  3. dimethylglycine dehydrogenase (formaldehyde)

  Catalysed by RETSAT, KDM1A, KDM1B, PDPR and 1 morecytosol

• glycine betaineReach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. choline + A = betaine aldehyde + AH2
  3. p-cumic alcohol:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by RETSAT, CHDH, ALDH7A1cytosolOne of 4 routes

• glycerolReach from here →
  1. Lecithin Retinol Acyltransferase
  2. 1-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine acylhydrolase
  3. sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine + H2O = phosphocholine + glycerol + H(+)

  Catalysed by LRAT, LYPLA1, LYPLA2, PLA2G4A and 8 morecytosolOne of 3 routes

• a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerolReach from here →
  1. Lecithin Retinol Acyltransferase
  2. Acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine O-acyltransferase
  3. ceramide:phosphatidylcholine cholinephosphotransferase

  Catalysed by LRAT, LPCAT4, LPCAT3, LPCAT2 and 3 morecytosol, Golgi apparatusOne of 4 routes

• CHEBI:17895Reach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. transport of cysteine and tyrosine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by RETSAT, MOCOS, SLC7A5extracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• CHEBI:17927Reach from here →
  1. Lecithin Retinol Acyltransferase
  2. Acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine O-acyltransferase
  3. N1,N8-diacetylspermidine to N1-acetylspermidine conversion

  Catalysed by LRAT, LPCAT4, LPCAT3, LPCAT2 and 1 morecytosol

• CHEBI:18019Reach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. transport of cysteine and lysine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by RETSAT, MOCOS, SLC7A6extracellular space, cytosolOne of 2 routes

• L-glutamineReach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. transport of cysteine and glutamine (cytosol to extracellular)

  Catalysed by RETSAT, MOCOS, SLC3A2, SLC7A5 and 1 moreextracellular space, cytosolOne of 4 routes

• CHEBI:18132Reach from here →
  1. Lecithin Retinol Acyltransferase
  2. 1-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine acylhydrolase
  3. sn-Glycero-3-phosphocholine cholinephosphohydrolase

  Catalysed by LRAT, LYPLA1, LYPLA2, PLA2G4A and 8 morecytosol

• dodecanoateReach from here →
  1. Lecithin Retinol Acyltransferase
  2. 1-Acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine acylhydrolase
  3. (10Z)-heptadecenoic acid formation

  Catalysed by LRAT, LYPLA1, LYPLA2, PLA2G4A and 7 morecytosol, extracellular spaceOne of 12 routes

• phosphatidyl-L-serineReach from here →
  1. Lecithin Retinol Acyltransferase
  2. Acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine O-acyltransferase
  3. phosphatidylserine synthase (PC-LD pool)

  Catalysed by LRAT, LPCAT4, LPCAT3, LPCAT2 and 2 morecytosol

• superoxideReach from here →
  1. all-trans-Retinol 11-cis-trans-isomerase
  2. Palmitoyl-CoA:retinol O-acyltransferase
  3. 11-peroxy-docosahexaenoate to DHA conversion

  Catalysed by DGAT1, LRAT, AWAT1, AWAT2 and 1 morecytosol

• 3',5'-diiodo-L-thyronineReach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  3. 3',5'-diiodo-L-thyronine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,3',5'-triiodo-L-thyronine + AH2

  Catalysed by RETSAT, AIFM1, PYROXD1, DIO3

• 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoateReach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. (R)-malate + A = oxaloacetate + AH2
  3. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine + oxaloacetate = 5-(3,3-dimethylguanidino)-2-oxopentanoate + L-aspartate

  Catalysed by RETSAT, D2HGDH, AGXT2

• (6R)-5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. N(6),N(6)-dimethyl-L-lysyl(4)-[histone H3] + 2 A + 2 H2O = L-lysyl(4)-[histone H3] + 2 formaldehyde + 2 AH2
  3. formaldehyde to 5,10-methylene-THF conversion

  Catalysed by RETSAT, KDM1A, KDM1Bcytosol

• 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acidReach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. uridine(34) in tRNA + 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + taurine + GTP + A + H2O = 5-taurinomethyluridine(34) in tRNA + 7,8-dihydrofolate + GDP + AH2 + phosphate + H(+)
  3. 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate:NAD+ oxidoreductase

  Catalysed by RETSAT, MTO1, DHFR, DHFR2cytosolOne of 3 routes

• S-disulfanyl-L-cysteineReach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. Mo-molybdopterin + L-cysteine + AH2 = thio-Mo-molybdopterin + L-alanine + A + H2O
  3. S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-cysteine = S-disulfanyl-L-cysteine + L-alanine

  Catalysed by RETSAT, MOCOS, CARS2

• (5Z)-dodecenoyl-CoAReach from here →
  1. Lecithin Retinol Acyltransferase
  2. Acyl-CoA:1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine O-acyltransferase
  3. acetyl-CoA C-acyltransferase (3-oxomyrist-7-enoyl-CoA)

  Catalysed by LRAT, LPCAT4, LPCAT3, LPCAT2 and 4 morecytosol, mitochondrial matrixOne of 2 routes

• 3-iodothyronamineReach from here →
  1. all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH2
  2. A + NADH + H(+) = AH2 + NAD(+)
  3. 3-iodothyronamine + iodide + A + H(+) = 3,5-diiodothyronamine + AH2

  Catalysed by RETSAT, AIFM1, PYROXD1, DIO1 and 1 moreOne of 2 routes