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Proteins/UNIPROT:Q96AD5
Catalyzes the initial step in triglyceride hydrolysis in adipocyte and non-adipocyte lipid droplets. Exhibits a strong preference for the hydrolysis of long-chain fatty acid esters at the sn-2 position of the glycerol backbone and acts coordinately with LIPE/HLS and DGAT2 within the lipolytic cascade (By similarity). Also possesses acylglycerol transacylase and phospholipase A2 activities. Transfers fatty acid from triglyceride to retinol, hydrolyzes retinylesters, and generates 1,3-diacylglycerol from triglycerides. Regulates adiposome size and may be involved in the degradation of adiposomes. Catalyzes the formation of an ester bond between hydroxy fatty acids and fatty acids derived from triglycerides or diglycerides to generate fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) in adipocytes. Acts antagonistically with LDAH in regulation of cellular lipid stores. Inhibits LDAH-stimulated lipid droplet fusion. May play an important role in energy homeostasis (By similarity). May play a role in the response of the organism to starvation, enhancing hydrolysis of triglycerides and providing free fatty acids to other tissues to be oxidized in situations of energy depletion (By similarity)..
Function from UniProtKB (Q96AD5), read 2026-09-23. CC BY 4.0.
Curated compounds routed: 1 · substrate of
1 compound
1 compound.
0 reported routes1 assembled route
1 row
187 statements
187 statements · 7 reference databases · Subject: PNPLA2 · Sources: Bgee, gene ontology, Hetionet, Human-GEM, Reactome, Rhea, WikiPathways
45 reactions
a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol+watera monoacylglycerol+MAM01807e
Catalysed by PNPLA4 or LIPE or PNPLA3 or LIPG or AADAC or DAGLA or DAGLB or LIPC or CEL or PNLIP or PNPLA2 or LIPF and 3 more alternatives
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminableEC 3.1.1.3extracellular space
10 names
Resolves to: PNPLA2
Human-GEM MAR00003CC BY 4.0Reference data
water+a triacylglycerola 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol+proton+fatty acid
Catalysed by PNPLA4 or LIPE or PNPLA3 or LIPG or AADAC or DAGLA or DAGLB or LIPC or CEL or PNLIP or PNPLA2 or LIPF and 3 more alternatives
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminableEC 3.1.1.3cytosol
Human-GEM MAR00665CC BY 4.0Reference data
a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol+watera monoacylglycerol+proton+fatty acid
Catalysed by PNPLA4 or LIPE or PNPLA3 or LIPG or AADAC or DAGLA or DAGLB or LIPC or CEL or PNLIP or PNPLA2 or LIPF and 3 more alternatives
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminableEC 3.1.1.3cytosol
Human-GEM MAR00667CC BY 4.0Reference data
a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol+watera monoacylglycerol+proton+fatty acid
Catalysed by PNPLA4 or LIPE or PNPLA3 or LIPG or AADAC or DAGLA or DAGLB or LIPC or CEL or PNLIP or PNPLA2 or LIPF and 3 more alternatives
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminableEC 3.1.1.3cytosol
Human-GEM MAR00668CC BY 4.0Reference data
a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol+watera monoacylglycerol+proton+fatty acid
Catalysed by PNPLA4 or LIPE or PNPLA3 or LIPG or AADAC or DAGLA or DAGLB or LIPC or CEL or PNLIP or PNPLA2 or LIPF and 3 more alternatives
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminableEC 3.1.1.3cytosol
Human-GEM MAR00669CC BY 4.0Reference data
a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol+watera monoacylglycerol+proton+fatty acid
Catalysed by PNPLA4 or LIPE or PNPLA3 or LIPG or AADAC or DAGLA or DAGLB or LIPC or CEL or PNLIP or PNPLA2 or LIPF and 3 more alternatives
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminableEC 3.1.1.3cytosol
Human-GEM MAR00670CC BY 4.0Reference data
a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol+watera monoacylglycerol+proton+fatty acid
Catalysed by PNPLA4 or LIPE or PNPLA3 or LIPG or AADAC or DAGLA or DAGLB or LIPC or CEL or PNLIP or PNPLA2 or LIPF and 3 more alternatives
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminableEC 3.1.1.3cytosol
Human-GEM MAR00671CC BY 4.0Reference data
a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol+watera monoacylglycerol+proton+fatty acid
Catalysed by PNPLA4 or LIPE or PNPLA3 or LIPG or AADAC or DAGLA or DAGLB or LIPC or CEL or PNLIP or PNPLA2 or LIPF and 3 more alternatives
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminableEC 3.1.1.3cytosol
Human-GEM MAR00672CC BY 4.0Reference data
water+an all-trans-retinyl esterproton+all-trans-retinol+fatty acid
Catalysed by PNPLA4 or LIPE or PNPLA3 or LIPG or AADAC or DAGLA or RBP4 or CES5A or DAGLB or LIPC or CEL or CES3 and 8 more alternatives
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminableEC 3.1.1.1, 3.1.1.3cytosol
Human-GEM MAR06636CC BY 4.0Reference data
a triacylglycerol+watera diacylglycerol+a fatty acid+hydron
Catalysed by DDHD2 or LPL or LIPF or ABHD2 or LIPC or PNLIP or CEL or AADAC or PNPLA4 or PNLIPRP2 or LIPE or PNLIPRP3 and 7 more alternatives
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:12044CC BY 4.0Reference data
a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine+watera 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine+a fatty acid+hydron
Catalysed by PLA2G10 or PLA2G6 or PLA2G1B or PLA2G4B or PLA2G2A or PRDX6 or PLA2G5 or PNPLA4 or PLA2G4A or PLAAT3 or PLA2G4E or PLA2G4F and 18 more alternatives
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:15801CC BY 4.0Reference data
a triacylglycerol+watera 1,2-diacylglycerol+a fatty acid+hydron
Catalysed by LIPA or PNPLA4 or LIPN or PNPLA2
Reaction pageLeft to rightBalance undeterminable
Rhea RHEA:35667CC BY 4.0Reference data